B o i l e r F e e d W a t e r P u m p

( B F W P ) m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u a p l i k a s i
p e n g g u n a a n p o m p a s e n t r i f u g a l b e r u k u r a n b e s a r
p a d a i n d u s t r i p e m b a n g k i t l i s t r i k t e n a g a u a p .
P o m p a i n i b e r f u n g s i u n t u k m e n g o n t r o l d a n
m e n s u p p l y a i r p a d a j u m l a h
t e r t e n t u y a n g b e r a s a l d a r i t a n k i air (
F e e d W a t e r T a n k
) m e n u j u b o i l e r d e n g a n s p e s i f i k a s i t e k a n a n
t e r t e n t u . A i r t e r s e b u t s e b e l u m m a s u k
k e b o i l e r b i a s a n y a m e n g a l a m i p e m a n a s a n a w a l
( p r e - h e a t i n g ) . S e h i n g g a a i r y a n g d i p o m p a o l e h
B F W P j u g a m e m i l i k i t e m p e r a t u r t e r t e n t u
y a n g c u k u p p a n a s .

B o i l e r F e e d W a t e r P u m p
( B F W P ) m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u a p l i k a s i
p e n g g u n a a n p o m p a s e n t r i f u g a l b e r u k u r a n b e s a r
p a d a i n d u s t r i p e m b a n g k i t l i s t r i k t e n a g a u a p .
P o m p a i n i b e r f u n g s i u n t u k m e n g o n t r o l d a n
m e n s u p p l y a i r p a d a j u m l a h
t e r t e n t u y a n g b e r a s a l d a r i t a n k i air (
F e e d W a t e r T a n k
) m e n u j u b o i l e r d e n g a n s p e s i f i k a s i t e k a n a n
t e r t e n t u . A i r t e r s e b u t s e b e l u m m a s u k
k e b o i l e r b i a s a n y a m e n g a l a m i p e m a n a s a n a w a l
( p r e - h e a t i n g ) . S e h i n g g a a i r y a n g d i p o m p a o l e h
B F W P j u g a m e m i l i k i t e m p e r a t u r t e r t e n t u
y a n g c u k u p p a n a s .
Boiler Feed Water Pump
Satu unit BFWP pada PLTU terdiri atas dua pompa
dan satu penggerak. Penggerak yangd i g u n a k a n
b i s a b e r u p a m o t o r l i s t r i k a t a u j u g a t u r b i n u a p
b e r u k u r a n k e c i l . T u r b i n k e c i l t e r s e b u t
m e n d a p a t k a n s u p p l y u a p a i r y a n g m e n g a m b i l
d a r i t u r b i n u a p u t a m a p a d a
s t a g e t e r t e n t u ( b i a s a d i s e b u t
Extraction Steam
)
D u a p o m p a d a r i B F W P a d a l a h s a t u b o o s t e r
p u m p d a n s a t u m a i n p u m p / p o m p a
u t a m a . K e d u a n y a m e n g g u n a k a n p e n g g e r a k
t u n g g a l ( t u r b i n u a p a t a u m o t o r ) , y a n g
s u m b u n y a d i - c o u p l e d e n g a n a t a u t a n p a
s i s t e m t r a n s m i s i t e r g a n t u n g d e s a i n n y a . A i r
y a n g d i t r a n s f e r B F W P m e n u j u k e b o i l e r b e r a s a l
d a r i
F e e d W a t e r T a n k
( F W T ) y a n g t e r l e t a k p a d a k e t i n g g i a n t e r t e n t u .
K e t i n g g i a n d a r i F W T i n i m e n j a d i
Positive Suction Head
u n t u k B F W P . A i r m a s u k d a r i F W T m e n u j u i n l e t
b o o s t e r p u m p , d a n k e l u a r d e n g a n k e n a i k a n
t e k a n a n t e r t e n t u y a n g l e b i h t i n g g i , t e k a n a n
t e r s e b u t m e n j a d i
Positive Suction Head
u n t u k m a i n p u m p . S e l a n j u t n y a a i r m a s u k k e
m a i n p u m p d a n m e n g a l a m i k e n a i k a n t e k a n a n
y a n g l e b i h b e s a r u n t u k s e l a n j u t n y a d i s u p p l y
m e n u j u b o i l e r . B o o s t e r p u m p m e m i l i k i
s p e s i f i k a s i p o m p a s e n t r i f u g a l , s i n g l e f l o w d a n
h a n y a s a t u s t a g e p o m p a . M e n g g u n a k a n
m e c h a n i c a l s e a l s e r t a t h r u s t d a n
j o u r n a l b e a r i n g u n t u k m e n a h a n g a y a - g a y a y a n g
t e r j a d i . S e d a n g k a n m a i n p u m p b e r s p e s i f i k a s i
p o m p a s e n t r i f u g a l , m u l t i - s t a g e , d a n s i n g l e
f l o w . J u g a m e n g g u n a k a n m e c h a n i c a l s e a l s e r t a
t h r u s t d a n j o u r n a l b e a r i n g . D a n untuk menahan
gaya aksial yang besar, digunakan
b a l a n c e d r u m
y a n g m e n g a m b i l s e b a g i a n k e c i l a i r d a r i s i s i
o u t l e t p o m p a u n t u k d i m a s u k k a n k e b a g i a n i n l e t
u n t u k m e l a w a n g a y a a k s i a l y a n g t i m b u l . S e p e r t i
y a n g s u d a h s a y a s i n g g u n g s e b e l u m n y a d i
a t a s b a h w a B F W P m e n s u p p l y a i r m e n u j u b o i l e r
d a l a m j u m l a h t e r t e n t u , y a n g p a d a p r a k t e k n y a
j u m l a h a i r y a n g d i b u t u h k a n o l e h b o i l e r i n i
b e r u b a h - u b a h . P e r u b a h a n n y a b e r d a s a r k a n
j u m l a h u a p a i r p r o d u k b o i l e r y a n g
d i b u t u h k a n u n t u k p r o s e s s e l a n j u t n y a . S e m i s a l
p a d a P L T U , p a d a s a a t b e b a n l i s t r i k t i n g g i
m a k a k e b u t u h a n u a p a i r y a n g m a s u k k e d a l a m
t u r b i n u a p j u g a t i n g g i o t o m a t i s j u m l a h a i r
y a n g d i b u t u h k a n u n t u k m a s u k k e b o i l e r j u g a
t i n g g i , s e h i n g g a B F W P a k a n m e n s u p p l y a i r
d a l a m j u m l a h s e s u a i k e b u t u h a n . D e m i k i a n p u l a
s e b a l i k n y a p a d a s a a t b e b a n l i s t r i k
r e n d a h . I l u s t r a s i d i a t a s m e n g g a m b a r k a n b a h w a
t e r n y a t a B F W P m e m o m p a a i r k e b o i l e r
d e n g a n jumlah/debit yang bervariasi. Hal ini dengan jalan mengubah-
ubah kecepatan putaranp o m p a n y a . J i k a p o m p a
m e n g g u n a k a n p e n g g e r a k t u r b i n u a p , m a k a
k e c e p a t a n p u t a r n y a a k a n d i a t u r o l e h b u k a a n
c o n t r o l v a l v e
u a p a i r p e n g g e r a k t u r b i n t e r s e b u t . J i k a
b u k a a n n y a b e s a r m a k a u a p a i r y a n g m a s u k a k a n
s e m a k i n b a n y a k d a n p u t a r a n t u r b i n
s e k a l i g u s p u t a r a n p o m p a a k a n l e b i h b e s a r .
S e d a n g k a n j i k a m e n g g u n a k a n p e n g g e r a k m o t o r
l i s t r i k , m a k a y a n g m e n g a t u r b e s a r d e b i t a i r
a d a l a h f l u i d c o u p l i n g y a n g t e r p a s a n g d i a n t a r a
m o t o r d e n g a n m a i n

p u m p . F l u i d c o u p l i n g i n i m e n g a t u r k e c e p a t a n
p u t a r p o m p a s e s u a i d e n g a n k e b u t u h a n d e b i t a i r
y a n g d i b u t u h k a n . S e d a n g k a n p u t a r a n m o t o r
l i s t r i k s e b a g a i p e n g g e r a k u t a m a n y a
a d a l a h t e t a p / k o n s t a n

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