Moray

Inca Engineering Mystery

Kenneth R. Wright, P.E., L.S.

Ruth M. Wright, j.D.
Alfredo Valencia Zegarra, Ph.D.
with

Gordon F. McEwan, Ph.D.

TECHNISCHE
INFORMATION SB IBLIOTHEK

UN1VERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK
HANNOVER
v ___ J

ASCE press
 Contents

Maps ix
Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3
In Memoriam:
Discovering Civil Engineering Inca Technology
Alfredo Valencia Zegarra x

Preface xi
Moray l Planning 15 23

The First Glimpse of Moray i Planning 16 Design Standards 23

Acknowledgments xii

Geographic Setting 4 Design Challenges IB Measuring System 24

Engineering Features 5 Calendrics and Mathematics 24

Religious Stones 20
Geology 8 Use of Models 25
Water Control Planning 21
Climate 9 Circular Reasoning 27

Vegetation and Soils 10

Who Build Moray? 11

Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

Hydrology 29 Hydraulic Construction Engi neering 57

A Product of Water Engineering 41

Site Preparation 58 Calli Calliyoq (E) 72

and Geology 29
Canal Design 41 Quechuyoc Muyu (A) 59 76
Aqueduct
Paleohydrologic Evidence 30
Reservoirs 43 Landslide and Intiwatana Pata (F) 76
Hydrogeologic Drainage Structures 45 Drainage Conduit 63
Drop Ceremonial Platform (G) 78
Basin and Yield 31
Terrace 8 Building 67
Water Handling 47 Pre-lnca Construction
Lag Time 33
Muyu Subsurface Simamuyu (B) 67 at Muyu A? 79
Locations 33
Drainage 48
Spring Intiwatana 69
The Aqueduct? 50 Muyu (C) Monumental Effort 82
Temperature and
Inca Canal 51
Kuichi Muyu (D) 70
Precipitation 35 System
Spring Flow Measurements 35 Hydraulic Field Evidence 52

Water Quality 35 Drawing Conclusions 53

Constituents Tested 36

Water Quality Analysis 36

Paleohydrology 38
Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10

Agriculture The Moray Agricultural Carved Rocks NearbyInca

87 Research Station Theory 95 at Moray 113 Communities
125
Early Hypothesis 88 Long-Held Agricultural Hourly Soil Iconographic Rock 114

Research Station Temperatures, Zenith

Irrigable Area 91 Machuera Rock 116 Misminay 126
Theory 96 Solar Transit, 1976 101
Soils 91 Pacchac Carved Maras 128
Genesis of the Summary of Rocks 116
Irrigation Chinchero 130
Agricultural Research Temperature
Requirements 92 Two Princess Rocks 120
Station Theory 96 Variations 103 Salineras de Maras 133
Yield of Maize 93 Other Rocks 122
Soil Temperatures What Have Gracious
Conclusions on at Moray 97 Others Said? 104 Why Rocks Matter 122 Communities 134

Agriculture 93
Winter Solstice 1976 9 8 Why Moray Was Not
an Agricultural
Annual Soil
Research Station 110
Temperatures 1976 99

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References 195
Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13
Conclusions The Inca A Walking Tour of Moray 165 Image Credits 197

in a Nutshell
Empire Ruth M. Wright Index 203

137 and Its Ceremonial Side Trip:

About the Authors 211

Environment Platform G 168 Machuera Rock 185

143 Muyu A 171 Side Trip:

Cordon F. McEwan The Water Works 185
The Aqueduct,
the Linear Terraces E, Side Trip:
Peru before
and Muyu D 176 Green Lake Muyu 188
the Incas 149
The Iconographic Side Trip:
Cultural Chronology
Rock 178 Pacchac Carved
in the Andes 152
Rocks 189
Muyu B 179
Inca History 153
Side Trip:
Muyu C 181
Aspects of the Inca
Village of Maras 191
State and Inca Culture The Ceremonial
Side Trip:
that Illuminate the Buildings Area F 183
Salineras de Maras
Moray Site 155
(Salinas) 191

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