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DESIGN REPORT
ON A
120 TONS CAPACITY REFRIGERATION PLANT
REMARK SHEET
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Design Code Problem 4
Ice Making and Ice Storage 5
Ice Load Computations 5
Cans 6
Freezing Tank 6
Brine Calculations 6
Ice Making and Ice Storage Dimensions 7
Air Change 8
Workers 9
Lightings 9
Crane 10
Heat Load Tabulation 10
Cold Storage 11
Product Load Computations 11
Medicine Information 13
Air Change 14
Workers 15
Lightings 15
Crane 16
Heat Load Tabulation 16
Wall Gain 17
Machine Computations 33
Socio-Economic Impact 39
Wiring Diagram 42
Piping Diagram 44
Bill of Materials 45
Appendices 46
References 51
4
Q ice
1000kg kJ 1000kg 1000
100tons ( ) (4.187 ) (28 − 0) + (100tons) ( ) (335) + (100)( )(2.094)(0 − (−10))
1ton kg − K 1ton 1
=
3600sec
36hrs( )
hr
𝑇𝑅
= 365.105 𝐾𝑊 (3.52𝐾𝑊)
Qice = 103.72 TR
𝑾𝑯
𝑵=
𝟐𝟒𝑪
2000 lb
100 tons ( ton )(36 hrs)
N=
lb
24 hrs (165 can)
VOLUME OF TANK:
VT = (L)(W)(H)
= (16.66)(8.46m)(1.27m)
VT = 179 m3
VOLUME OF CAN:
Vc = (L)(W)(H)
= (8”)(16”)(42”)
= 5,376 in3 = 0.0881 m3/can
= (1819 cans)(0.0881 m3/can)
Vc = 160.25 m3
45.24”
VOLUME OF BRINE, VB
Vb = Vt - Vc
= 179 m3-166.29 m3
Vb = 12.71 m3
𝟏
Qairchange = (number of exchange) (volume space) (air change factor) (𝟐𝟒 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬)
𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬 11346.602 ft3 BTU
Qairchange = (4.63 𝟐𝟒 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬
) ( 𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬 ) (2.56 𝑓𝑡 3 )
𝑇𝑅
Qairchange = 5603.71 BTU/hr. = 1.6422 KW (3.52𝐾𝑊)
Qairchange = 0.4665 TR
9
Qworkers(IceStorage) = 0.158 TR
LIGHTING
Ice Making area:
𝑙𝑢𝑥
(𝒍𝒖𝒙)(𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂) (250 2 )(415.91𝑚2 )
𝑚
𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒔, 𝒏 =
𝑳𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒔
= 6000𝑙𝑚
= 17.32 = 18 lamps
(𝒏)(𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝟑. 𝟒𝟐
𝑩𝒕𝒖
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕)(𝟖𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒔) ∗ 𝟏𝒌𝑾
𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒔 𝑩𝒕𝒖
𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟐. 𝟏𝟒𝟐
𝒉𝒓
(18)(60)(3.42
𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡)(8ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) ∗ 1𝑘𝑊
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝐵𝑡𝑢
3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝟖𝒌𝑾
Ice Storage
𝑙𝑢𝑥
(250 )(62.26𝑚2 )
𝑛= 𝑚2 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟗 = 𝟑 𝒍𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒔
6000𝑙𝑚
𝐵𝑡𝑢
(3)(60)(3.42
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡)(8ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) ∗ 1𝑘𝑊
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝐵𝑡𝑢
3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟎𝟏𝒌𝑾
𝑇𝑅
Total Qlights = (0.3608 KW + 0.0601 KW )( )
3.52𝐾𝑊
𝐐𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟗𝟔𝐓𝐑
10
CRANE
No of crane: 2
Number of operating hours: 8
Motor Factor
*Equations and constants taken from Principles of Refrigeration, R.J.Dossat. Table 10-16
Crane motor:
𝐵𝑡𝑢
3hp x 2945 x 2x 8 hr 1𝑘𝑊 𝑇𝑅
ℎ𝑝−ℎ𝑟
𝑄𝐶𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 = ∗ 𝐵𝑡𝑢 (3.52𝐾𝑊)
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑇𝑅
Total Qlights = (0.3615 KW + 0.8631 KW )( )
3.52𝐾𝑊
𝐐𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐞 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟕𝟗 𝐓𝐑
a) 20 Tons of Paracetamol
𝑚𝐶𝛥𝑡
𝑸𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒎𝒐𝒍 = ( )
𝑇 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
(20 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠) (1000
𝑡𝑜𝑛) (0.89 𝑘𝑔 − °𝐾 ) (20 − 12)°𝐶
𝑸𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 (3600 )
ℎ𝑟
Qparacetamol = 1.6481 KW
𝑚𝐶𝛥𝑡
𝑸𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒐𝒍 = ( )
𝑇 𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
(20 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠) (1000
𝑡𝑜𝑛) (2.46 𝑘𝑔 − °𝐾 ) (20 − 12)°𝐶
𝑸𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒐𝒍 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 (3600 )
ℎ𝑟
Qethanol = 4.5556KW
c) 20 Tons of Melphalan
𝑚𝐶𝛥𝑡
𝑸𝒎𝒆𝒍𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒏 = ( )
𝑇 𝑚𝑒𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
(20 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠) (1000
𝑡𝑜𝑛) (0.89 𝑘𝑔 − °𝐾 ) (20 − 5)°𝐶
𝑸𝒎𝒆𝒍𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒏 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 (3600 )
ℎ𝑟
Qmelphalan = 3.0903 KW
12
d) 20 Tons of 5% Dextrose
𝑚𝐶𝛥𝑡
𝑸𝒅𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒆 = ( )
𝑇 𝑑𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑒
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
(20 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠) (1000
𝑡𝑜𝑛) (4.04 𝑘𝑔 − °𝐾 ) (20 − 5)°𝐶
𝑸𝒅𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒆 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 (3600 )
ℎ𝑟
Qdextrose = 14.0278 KW
𝑚𝐶𝛥𝑡
𝑸𝑴𝑴𝑹 = ( )
𝑇 𝑀𝑀𝑅
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
(20 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠) (1000
𝑡𝑜𝑛) (1.325 𝑘𝑔 − °𝐾 ) (10 − 5)°𝐶
𝑸𝑴𝑴𝑹 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 (3600 )
ℎ𝑟
Qdextrose = 1.5336KW
MEDICINE INFORMATION
Generic Name: Paracetamol Brand Name: M-M-R® II
Brand Name: Biogesic Manufacturer: Merck and Co., Inc.
Manufacturer: Unilab (local) Dosage Form: Solution for injection
Dosage Form: Tablet Storage Temperature: 2°C - 8°C
Storage Temperature: <25°C Core excipient: Sorbitol
Core ingredient: Microcyrstalline Specific heat: 1.325 KJ/kgK
cellulose Mass per Empty Vial: 17 grams
Specific heat: 0.89 KJ/kgK
𝟏
Qairchange = (number of exchange) (volume space) (air change factor) (𝟐𝟒 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬)
𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬 184477.636 ft3 BTU
Qairchange = (1.1 𝟐𝟒 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬
) ( 𝐚𝐢𝐫 𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬 ) (1.652 𝑓𝑡 3
)
𝑇𝑅
Qairchange = 13,968.03 BTU/hr = 4.0936(3.52𝐾𝑊)
Qairchange(5C) = 1.162 TR
Qairchange(12C) = 0.514 TR
15
FORKLIFT:
Motor Factor: 2950 BTU/hp-hr *
Number Forklifts: 4
Working Hours: 8
(𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐬𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫) 𝐱( 𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫) 𝐱 (𝐧𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐥𝐢𝐟𝐭𝐬) 𝐱 𝟖 𝐡𝐫
𝑸𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒌𝒍𝒊𝒇𝒕 =
𝟐𝟒𝒉𝒓𝒔
𝐵𝑡𝑢
5.36 ℎ𝑝 𝑥 2950 𝑥 4 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡𝑠 𝑥 8 ℎ𝑟 1𝑘𝑊
ℎ𝑝 − ℎ𝑟 𝑇𝑅
𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 = ∗ ( )
24 ℎ𝑟 𝐵𝑡𝑢 3.52𝐾𝑊
3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑄𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 = 1.7553 TR
LABOR:
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒐𝒏(𝟏𝟐𝑪) = 0.06 TR
𝑸𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒐𝒏(𝟓𝑪) = 0.0699 TR
16
LIGHTING:
𝑩𝒕𝒖
(𝒏)(𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆)(𝟑. 𝟒𝟐
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕)(𝟖𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒔) ∗ 𝟏𝒌𝑾
𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒓𝒔 𝑩𝒕𝒖
𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟐. 𝟏𝟒𝟐
𝒉𝒓
(25)(60)(3.42
𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡)(8ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) ∗ 1𝑘𝑊
(
𝑇𝑅
)
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝐵𝑡𝑢 3.52𝐾𝑊
3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟒 𝑻𝑹
(12)(60)(3.42
𝐵𝑡𝑢
𝑄𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡)(8ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) ∗ 1𝑘𝑊
(
𝑇𝑅
)
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 𝐵𝑡𝑢 3.52𝐾𝑊
3412.142
ℎ𝑟
𝑸𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟒 𝑻𝑹
Forklift 1.7553 TR
Wall Compositions
18
d) Polyurethane foam:
Thickness: 0.1016 m
𝑊
Thermal conductivity = 0.03𝑚∗𝐾
19
2∗26 2∗17.78
Total wall thickness = 1000 + + 2 ∗ 0.1016 + 0.15
1000
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟗. 𝟒𝟗𝟐𝟑
𝐦𝟐
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟖𝟓𝟑
𝐦𝟐
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝟒𝟕𝟕
𝐦𝟐
20
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟔
𝐦𝟐
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟕
𝐦𝟐
For the 12°C Cold Storage room facing the inside of the facility
21°𝐶 − 12°𝐶
𝑞=
𝐾 ∗ 𝑚2
5.2674 𝑊
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟔
𝐦𝟐
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟒𝟓
𝐦𝟐
For the 5°C Cold Storage room facing the inside of the facility
21°𝐶 − 5°𝐶
𝑞=
𝐾 ∗ 𝑚2
5.2674 𝑊
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟑𝟕𝟓
𝐦𝟐
21
For the 5°C Cold Storage room facing 12°C Cold storage room
12°𝐶 − 5°𝐶
𝑞=
𝐾 ∗ 𝑚2
5.2674 𝑊
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟖𝟗
𝐦𝟐
Floors
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟑𝟔
𝐦𝟐
For floors in 12°C cold storage
20°𝐶 − 12°𝐶
𝑞=
𝐾 ∗ 𝑚2
5.1083 𝑊
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟔𝟔
𝐦𝟐
22
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟕𝟑
𝐦𝟐
Ceiling
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟎𝟏
𝐦𝟐
23
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟗. 𝟒𝟔𝟔
𝐦𝟐
Doors (Ice storage)
Door Material:
Thickness 𝑾
𝒌( )
𝒎∗𝑲
Expanded Polyurethane 0.2541 m 0.17
𝐖
𝐪 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟗𝟖
𝐦𝟐
24
Floor
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟑𝟔 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟖𝒎 ∗ 𝟐𝟕𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟖. 𝟏𝟑𝐖
Ceiling
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟐𝟔 ∗ (𝟐𝟏. 𝟖𝒎 ∗ 𝟐𝟕𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟗𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟒𝐖
Door
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟗𝟖 ∗ (𝟑𝒎 ∗ 𝟓𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟒𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟒𝟕𝐖
25
Floor
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟔𝟔 ∗ (𝟏𝟒. 𝟕𝒎 ∗ 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟗𝟑. 𝟔𝟒𝟓𝐖
Ceiling
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟎𝟏 ∗ (𝟏𝟒. 𝟕𝒎 ∗ 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟐. 𝟓𝟏𝟐𝐖
26
Door
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟗𝟖 ∗ (𝟑𝒎 ∗ 𝟓𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟒𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟒𝟕𝐖
Floor
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟓. 𝟖𝟕𝟑 ∗ (𝟏𝟎. 𝟐𝒎 ∗ 𝟔. 𝟑𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟕𝟕. 𝟒𝐖
Ceiling
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟗. 𝟒𝟔𝟔 ∗ (𝟏𝟎. 𝟐𝒎 ∗ 𝟔. 𝟑𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟔𝟎𝟖. 𝟐𝟗𝐖
Door
𝐖
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟗𝟖 ∗ (𝟑𝒎 ∗ 𝟓𝒎)
𝐦𝟐
𝐐 = 𝟒𝟓𝟓. 𝟐𝟒𝟕𝐖
PARACETAMOL
500 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑠
80,000 paracetamol boxes (𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑏𝑜𝑥) = 40,000,000 tablets
1𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟
40,000,000 tablets (20𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑠) = 2,000,000 blister packs
1 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑜𝑥
(80,000 paracetamol boxes) = 1,666.67 = 1,667 packaging box
48 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠
1 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
1,667 packaging boxes (20 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠) = 83.35 = 84 pallets
VACCINES
1 𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘
444,445 vials (50 𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑠) = 8,889 racks
0.045 𝑘𝑔 2.25 𝑘𝑔
( 𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑒 ) (50 vials) = 𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘
15 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠 45 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠
(3 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟𝑠) =
𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
1 𝑏𝑜𝑥
8,889 rack (10𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘) = 889 boxes
1 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
889 boxes (45 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠) = 19.76 = 20 boxes
337.5 𝑘𝑔
(3 layers) = 1,012.5 kg
𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟
ETHYL ALCOHOL
789𝑘𝑔 𝑚
= 0.00006𝑚3
𝑚3
m = 0.04734 kg
0.04734 𝑘𝑔 6912 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑠
( ) = 327.21 kg
𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
1𝐿 1𝑚3
1,000mL (1,000𝑚𝐿)(1,000𝐿) = 0.001𝑚3
𝜋𝑑2
0.001 𝑚3 = (0.19 m)
4
1.6 𝑔 𝑚
𝑐𝑚3
= 0.001𝑚3
m = 1,600g = 1.6 kg
7 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑠 6 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠 8 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟𝑠 336 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠
( 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟𝑠 ) ( )=
𝑏𝑜𝑥 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
336 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑠
12500 bottles ( ) = 37.2 = 38 pallets
𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
MELPHALAN
2 𝑚𝑔
(25tablets) = 0.05 g
𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑡
48 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑏𝑜𝑥
2(4)(6) = 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
1 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒
20,000kg ( ) = 3,305785 boxed bottles
0.00605𝑘𝑔
1 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑡
3,305,785 boxed bottles (8,640 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑑𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑠) = 382.61 = 383 pallets
33
MACHINE COMPUTATIONS
Refrigerant: R-717
Compressor: MYCOM Reciprocating Compressor
Safety Factor: (1.5 x Heatload)
Ice Making:
Heat load with Safety factor = (103.72)(1.5) = 155.58 kW
From MYCOM Compressor Specification Performance Table:
COMPRESSOR MODEL: N8WA
34
Ice Storage:
Heat load with Safety factor = (29.4659)(1.5) = 44.1989 kW
From MYCOM Compressor Specification Performance Table:
COMPRESSOR MODEL: N4WA
Refrigeration Capacity = 61.6 kW
Compressor Capacity = 23.9 kW
Evaporating Temperature: -20OC
Condensing Temperature: 35OC
For medicine (12°C and 5°C) and ice storage that has less than 155 kW condenser load,
we will use EVAPCO Evaporative Condenser LSC Model LSC-36E-1g.
36
Ice making that has less than 233 kW condenser load, we will use EVAPCO Evaporative
Condenser LSC Model LSC-54E-1g.
Evaporator:
For medicine (12°C and 5°C) and ice storage, Super Radiator Coils Evaporators which
has maximum of 100 kW cooling capacity will be used.
For ice making, Evapco SSTXB evaporator which have 120 to 200 kW cooling capacity
will be used.
PROCESS DIAGRAM
•They are packed and stacked according to the brand and generic name of each medicine.
2
•Medicines are transported using carriers with a cold storage since they must always be kept
at a certain temperature after manufacturing.
4
•Medicines are kept in Cold Storage facilities for safe keeping and ensuring that drugstores
and hospitals in the area can be supplied immediately when they are needed.
5
38
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Cavite is known as the “Historical Capital of the Philippines” because it is where Emilio
Aguinaldo declared the first independence of the Philippines from Spain. Cavite is a progressive
province because of its nearness to Metro Manila. It is also the most populated province in the
country. It is still a province that consists of many vacant lands. Most of the lands are used for
agriculture, residences and open areas. Different rivers such as Bacoor River, Imus River and
Locations are usually a major problem when it comes to storages, warehouses, plants and
factories. People can rarely see these at urban areas. Most of it can be found in rural areas like
provinces. Cavite is a great location to start investing and building warehouses and plant storage
because of its accessibility to consumers, customers, and producers. Easy transportation like
riding a bus, taxi, jeepneys and even ferry services are available.
Isolated vacant land is much better for pharmaceutical plants/ storages because of risks
and contamination. Contamination can easily be transmitted thru air, water, animals and even a
human being. Isolated places can reduce the number of casualties during fire or an earthquake.
Electricity and water will not be a problem because electricity is supplied by Manila Electric
Cavite can be almost being compared to Metro Manila because of its industrialization and
rapid growth. Industrialize means more people. Populations of 3.09 million were recorded as of
May 2010. More people means more demand. When a person gets sick, first thing in mind is to
buy and drink appropriate medicine for faster healing. When a disease spreads or an outbreak
occurs, demand on medicine will surely rise and soon a certain or specific medicine will be out of
stock and no longer available at that time. Warehouses and storages are needed to preserve and
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT
The significance of our plant is that aside from ice making, it is providing medicine
refrigeration service which these times are very important. Also, we are locating it to a
site that is capable enough to provide the plant requirement, especially the land area, and
at the same time the plant location provides good accessibility to the urban area in terms
of travel distance and travel time. The location, also, is near the commercial area of the
municipality, making the hospitals and medical centers within the area to be the plant’s
primary target customers.
40
Topography
The site of the plant construction is an empty grass land located at Silang Rd., General Mariano
Alvarez, Paliparan, Dasmarinas Cavite.
Environmental Impact
The chosen location is empty grassland which means tree cutting is not needed to be
implemented when the constructing the plant.
Accessibility (Transportation)
The location of the plant is very accessible; the travel time from Metro Manila to the plant is
approximately 45 minutes. It is also located few kilometers away from the commercial area in
the locale.
Resources (water/electricity)
Since the location is near the commercial area,
the electricity and water supply is very
accessible.
42
BILL OF MATERIALS
APPENDICES
Forklift
Overhead Crane
Quick Details
Feature: Bride Crane, Over head
Rated Load Capacity: 2ton
Max. Lifting Height: 24m
Brand Name: Keliyuan
Lifting Mechanism: Electric hoist
Drive motor: 1 hp
Crane motor: 3 hp
Lifting Speed: 1-8m/min
Rated Lifting moment: 20kN
48
Compressor
49
Lighting
VTV LED VAPOR TIGHT SPREAD BEAM FOR WET / IP67 & COLD STORAGE
Wattage: 60W
Lumens: 6000lm
https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0366/7997/files/AEI-VTV-VaporTight-LED-032216-
withDLC.pdf?15001682466620361508
50
Condenser
51
REFERENCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_packaging
https://www.um.edu.mt/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/153160/Storage_of_Medicin
es_and_Medical_devices.pdf
http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/p3407e/p3407e05.htm
http://www.pharmacopeia.cn/v29240/usp29nf24s0_c1079.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3547732
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_39/May_1891/Ic
e-Making_and_Machine_Refrigeration
http://www.icelings.net/block_ice_plant.php
http://www.icemakingplant.com/industrial-ice-plants/
http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/tan/x5940e/x5940e01.htm
52
SOURCES OF EQUATIONS:
U Factor
Dossat, R. (1997). Principles of Refrigeration (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River (New
Jersey): Prentice-Hall, Inc. pp. 155-157
Product Load
Dossat, R. (1997). Principles of Refrigeration (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River (New
Jersey): Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 170
Miscellaneous Load
Persons
Dossat, R. (1997). Principles of Refrigeration (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River (New
Jersey): Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 171
Lights
Dossat, R. (1997). Principles of Refrigeration (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River (New
Jersey): Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 171
Forklift
Dossat, R. (1997). Principles of Refrigeration (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River (New
Jersey): Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 171