Product: WHEEL LOADER

Model: 966H WHEEL LOADER TAL02276

Configuration: 966H Wheel Loader TAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY
C11 Engine

Systems Operation
966H Wheel Loader and 972H
Wheel Loader Electrohydraulic System
Media Number -RENR8857-05 Publication Date -01/10/2011 Date Updated -27/10/2011

i04224371

Main Control Valve

SMCS - 5051-MV

g01195261
Illustration 1
261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction) (Ride Control Accumulator)

(8) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line)

(9) 313-7668 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)

(10) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control, Lift Cylinder)

(11) 325-7145 Ride Control Accumulator

(12) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line)

(13) 225-0300 Solenoid Valve (Hydraulic Lockout)

(14) 245-2975 Pilot Oil Accumulator (Dead Engine Lower)

(15) 112-1817 Manual Valve (Dead Engine Lower)

(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve

(17) 4T-7581 Relief Valve (Ride Control)

(18) 282-4349 Pressure Reducing Valve

(19) 193-1665 Pressure Reducing Valve (Signal Duplication)

(20) 235-6160 Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)

(21) 260-6734 Valve Stem (Tilt)

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(23) 260-6735 Valve Stem (Lift)

(24) 235-6157 Shuttle Valve

(25) 194-1723 Check Valve

(26) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control On, Off)

(27) 260-6736 Valve Stem (Auxiliary)

(28) 254-5789 Relief Valve (Pump Margin Pressure)

(A) Hydraulic Tank

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

(E) Signal oil to pump

(F) Drain for load sensing relief

Illustration 2 g01192607
261-2338 Main Control Valve (3-Function, With Ride Control)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

g01195262
Illustration 3

261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function) Schematic

 g01192609
Illustration 4

261-3972 Main Control Valve (3-Function)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(4) 261-0017 Control Valve (Auxiliary)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

(28) 247-7601 Control Valve (Hydraulic Block)

 g01195265
Illustration 5

261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control) Schematic

 g01192610
Illustration 6

261-2337 Main Control Valve (2-Function, With Ride Control)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(3) 253-4026 Ride Control Valve

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

 g01195266
Illustration 7

261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function) Schematic

 g01192613
Illustration 8

261-3945 Main Control Valve (2-Function)

(1) 261-0015 Control Valve (Tilt)

(2) 261-0016 Control Valve (Lift)

(5) 269-9397 Valve Manifold (Inlet)

(6) 269-9398 Valve Manifold (End Cover)

(28) 247-7601 Control Valve (Hydraulic Block)

Note: The following description of the main control valve references Illustrations 1 through 8.

The supply oil flows from the implement piston pump to the main control valve at point (B) .
The main control valve controls the flow of hydraulic oil to the cylinders and to the ride control
system.
Most of the supply oil flows to control valves for the implement circuits. Oil returns from the
control valve and flows to the tank at point (A) .

The supply oil flows to the following components: tilt control valve (1) , lift control valve (2) ,
ride control valve (3) and auxiliary valve (4) .

The supply oil flows to pressure reducing valve (18) . Pressure reducing valve (18) reduces the
oil pressure to pilot pressure. The pressure reducing valve provides oil to the pilot system.

The oil that flows to pilot oil accumulator (14) charges the pilot oil accumulator. This allows the
bucket to be lowered if the engine stops. Then, the oil flows through the main control valve as
pilot oil. The pilot oil flows through the solenoid valves in order to move the spools to the
correct position. The key start switch must be in the ON position for this function to work.
Manual valve (15) can be used to lower the bucket if no power can be supplied to the solenoids.

The oil that flows to the load sensing circuit enters signal duplicating reducing valve (19) .
Normally, the oil flows through the signal duplicating reducing valve.

Signal duplicating reducing valve (19) and load sensing relief valve (20) operate for all of the
control valves in the main control valve. Load sensing relief valve (20) limits the maximum
signal pressure to the pump at point (E) by draining excess signal oil to the tank at point (F) .
Signal duplicating reducing valve (19) sends signal oil back to the implement piston pump at
point (E) .

The control valves are proportional priority and pressure compensated. If a circuit is active, or if
more than one circuit is active, signal duplicating reducing valve (19) duplicates the highest
signal oil pressure. The highest signal oil pressure is applied to all of the control valves.

Oil flow enters the control valve and flows through a parallel feeder passage to all circuits. All
four circuits on the machine can be operated independently.

Both tilt control valve (1) and auxiliary control valve (4) have two line relief valves. One relief
valve is for each end of the cylinders. Also, the tilt control valve, the lift control valve, and the
ride control valve have an identical solenoid valve. The solenoids for the tilt control valve and
the lift control valve are for drift reduction (7) .

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the line relief valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Relief Valve (Line)".

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valve (Implement)".

ReferenceFor more information on the operation of the Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal),
refer to Systems Operation, "Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)".
ReferenceThe operation of the ride control valve is explained in Systems Operation, "Ride
Control System".

Tilt Control Valve

g01195417
Illustration 9

Tilt Control Valve (1) in the HOLD position with the tilt valve stem centered.

(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction)

(8A) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line) Rod End

(8B) 332-1985 Relief Valve (Line) Head End

(9) 257-0267 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)

(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve

(21) 260-6734 Valve Stem (Tilt)

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(29A) Work Port to Head End of lift cylinder for Tilt Back position

(29B) Work Port for Rod End of lift cylinder for Dump Function

(36) Bridge Passage

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

Oil from the implement piston pump flows to tilt control valve (1) at port (B) . Tilt valve stem
(21) is controlled by solenoids (9) . Implement pump oil flows through tilt control valve (1) to
lift control valve (2) at pump port (B) . Tilt valve stem (21) is spring centered with a closed
center. Tilt valve stem (21) has three positions: TILT BACK, HOLD and DUMP.

HOLD Position

Springs keep tilt valve stem (21) in the HOLD position when solenoids (9) have not been
actuated. Stem movement is controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that
allow oil to flow to either end of tilt valve stem (21) .

Tilt valve stem (21) in the hold position blocks the oil in both ends of the tilt cylinder. This keeps
the tilt cylinder from moving. Solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction in tilt control valve (1)
further limits cylinder movement toward the DUMP position if leakage occurs between valve
stem (21) and the valve body.

TILT BACK Operation

When the tilt control lever or the joystick control is moved to the TILT BACK position, pilot oil
is sent to the left end of tilt valve stem (21) and tilt valve stem (21) moves to the right.
Implement pump oil is sent through the tilt control valve from pump port (B) around tilt valve
stem (21) to the bottom of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load
check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to
bridge passage (36) . Oil flows around tilt valve stem (21) and through solenoid valve (7) for
drift reduction to work port (29A) .

Oil flows to work port (29A) to the head end of the tilt cylinder. This causes the bucket to tilt
back. Solenoid valves (9) and tilt valve stem (21) respond in proportion to the signal that is
received from the operator controls.
Oil from the rod end of the tilt cylinder enters through work port (29B) and exits to the hydraulic
tank through passage (C) .

DUMP Operation

When the tilt control lever or the joystick control is moved to the DUMP position, pilot oil is
sent to the right end of tilt valve stem (21) and tilt valve stem (21) moves to the left. Implement
oil is sent from pump port (B) around tilt valve stem (21) to the bottom of compensation and
check valve (16) . Compensation and check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the
openings in load check valve (16) to bridge passage (36) . Oil flows around tilt valve stem (21)
to work port (29B) .

Oil flows through work port (29B) to the rod end of the tilt cylinder. This causes the bucket to
dump. Solenoid valves (9) and tilt valve stem (21) respond in proportion to the movement of the
operator controls.

Oil from the head end of the tilt cylinder comes through work port (29A) , flows through
energized solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction and exits through tank port (D) to the hydraulic
tank.

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the line relief valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Relief Valve (Line)".

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valve (Implement)".

Lift Control Valve

 g01195418
Illustration 10

Lift Control Valve in HOLD position

(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Drift Reduction)

(9) 313-7668 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)

(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(23) 260-6735 Valve Stem (Lift)

(30) 234-4869 Makeup Valve

(31A) Work Port for lower function to rod end of lift cylinder

(31B) Work Port for lift function to head end of lift cylinder
(32) 234-4870 Plug

(37) Bridge Passage

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

Oil from the implement piston pump flows to lift control valve (2) at pump port (B) . Pump oil
flows from pump port (B) through lift control valve (2) to ride control valve (3) and auxiliary
control valve (4) . Lift valve stem (23) is controlled by solenoids (9) . The lift valve stem is
spring centered with a closed center. The lift valve stem has four positions: RAISE, HOLD,
LOWER and FLOAT.

HOLD Position

Springs keep lift valve stem (23) in the HOLD position when solenoid valves (9) have not been
actuated. Lift valve stem (23) in the HOLD position blocks the oil in both ends of the lift
cylinders. This keeps the lift cylinders from moving.

Solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction in lift control valve (2) further limits lift cylinder drift
toward the lower position if leakage occurs between lift valve stem (23) and the valve body.

Stem movement is controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that allow oil to
flow to either end of lift valve stem (23) .

RAISE Operation

When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the RAISE position, pilot oil is
sent to the right end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves to the left. Implement
pump oil is sent from pump port (B) around lift valve stem (23) to the bottom of compensation
and check valve (16) . Compensation and check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through
the openings in load check valve (16) to bridge passage (37) . Oil flows around lift valve stem
(23) and through solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction to work port (31B) .

Oil is allowed to flow to the head end of the lift cylinders. This causes the bucket to rise.
Solenoid valves (9) and lift valve stem (23) respond in proportion to the movement of the
operator controls.

Oil from the rod end of the lift cylinders enters through work port (31A) and exits through tank
port (D) to the hydraulic tank.

LOWER Operation
When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the LOWER position, pilot oil is
sent to the left end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves partially to the right.
Implement oil is sent from pump port (B) around lift valve stem (23) to the bottom of
compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load check valve (16) is pushed up
and flow goes through the openings in load check valve (16) to bridge passage (37) . Oil flows
around lift valve stem (23) to work port (31A) .

Oil is allowed to flow to the rod end of the lift cylinders. This causes the bucket to lower.
Solenoid valves (9) and lift valve stem (23) respond in proportion to the movement of the
operator controls.

Oil from the head end of the lift cylinders enters through work port (31B) , flows through
energized solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction and exits at tank port (C) to the hydraulic tank.

FLOAT Operation

When the lift control lever or the joystick control is moved to the FLOAT position, pilot oil is
sent to the left end of lift valve stem (23) and lift valve stem (23) moves completely to the right.
The lift control lever is held in the FLOAT position by a soft detent. The lift valve stem remains
in the float position until the bucket reaches the preset kickout position. The lift control valve
will then return to the HOLD position.

When the operator moves the pilot valve to the FLOAT position, work port (31A) is connected
to the tank at tank port (D) through completely shifted lift valve stem (23) . Complete movement
of lift valve stem (23) to the right closes off the flow of implement pump oil from pump port (B)
to bridge passage (37) . Work port (31B) continues to be connected to the tank through energized
solenoid valve (7) for drift reduction and lift valve stem (23) at port (C) .

Oil from the rod end of the lift cylinder and the oil from the head end of the lift cylinder drains to
the tank. This allows the weight of the lift arm assembly to lower the lift arm assembly to the
ground. The lift arm assembly will follow the contour of the ground. Neither the rod end of the
lift cylinder or the head end of the lift cylinder are under hydraulic pressure. The lift cylinders
can move freely in either direction according to the force on the bucket.

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valve (Implement)".

Ride Control Valve

 g01195423
Illustration 11

Ride control valve

(7) 328-4314 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control Accumulator)

(10) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control, Lift Cylinder)

(17) 4T-7581 Relief Valve (Ride Control)

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(24) 235-6157 Shuttle Valve

(25) 194-1723 Check Valve

(26) 252-0737 Solenoid Valve (Ride Control On, Off)

(32A) Work Port to rod end of lift cylinder

(32B) Work Port to head end of lift cylinder

(33) 270-1768 Check Valve (Ride Control)

(34) 148-8335 Connector to Ride Control Accumulator

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

Ride control valve (3) is an optional control valve. This function provides dampening for the
forces that are produced by the bucket as the machine travels over rough terrain. Ride control
valve (3) has three positions: AUTO, OFF and SERVICE. Details about the three positions of the
ride control valve can be found in Systems Operation, "Ride Control System".

Ride control valve (3) contains solenoid valve (26) which is controlled by an On, Off switch.
Solenoid valve (26) works with shuttle valve (24) in order to charge ride control accumulator
(14) . When accumulator (14) is being charged, check valve (25) allows pump oil to enter ride
control valve (3) through shuttle valve (24) . Oil exits the ride control valve through connector
(34) in order to charge ride control accumulator (14) .

When ride control accumulator (14) is not being charged, check valve (25) keeps oil from the
ride control circuit from returning to the main hydraulic system. If oil pressure rises above the
setting of ride control relief valve (17) , the relief valve opens in order to allow excess pressure
to drain to the hydraulic tank through tank port (C) .

Ride control valve (3) also contains solenoid valves (7) and (10) . When the ride control system
is activated, solenoid valve (7) allows oil to enter the ride control valve from the rod end of the
lift cylinder at port (32A) . Oil exits the ride control valve at tank port (D) . Solenoid valve (10)
works with check valve (33) to allow oil from the head end of the lift cylinder to mix with oil
from ride control accumulator (14) at port (32B) . Nitrogen gas in ride control accumulator (14)
acts as a shock absorber for the lift circuit.

ReferenceThe operation of ride control valve (3) is explained in Systems Operation, "Ride
Control System".

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valve (Implement)".

Auxiliary Control Valve

 g01195420
Illustration 12

Auxiliary Control Valve in the OPEN position

(9) 313-7668 Solenoid Valve (Pilot Proportioning)

(12A) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line) Head end

(12B) 272-2334 Relief Valve (Line) Rod end

(16) Compensation and Load Check Valve

(22) 260-8590 Shuttle Valve Load Signal Resolver

(27) 260-6736 Valve Stem (Auxiliary)

(35A) Work port to head end of auxiliary cylinder

(35B) Work port to rod end of auxiliary cylinder

(38) Bridge Passage

(B) Pump Port

(C) Tank Port

(D) Tank Port

Auxiliary control valve (4) is an optional control valve. The auxiliary control valve has all of the
components that are in the tilt control valve minus the solenoid valve for drift reduction (7) . The
auxiliary valve controls auxiliary implements such as a logging fork, a side dump bucket, or a
multipurpose bucket.

Oil from the implement piston pump flows to the auxiliary control valve at port (B) . Auxiliary
valve stem (27) is controlled by solenoids (9) . Auxiliary valve stem (27) is spring centered with
a closed center. Auxiliary valve stem (27) has three positions: CLOSE, HOLD and OPEN.

HOLD Position

Springs keep auxiliary valve stem (27) in the HOLD position when solenoids (9) have not been
actuated. Implement pump oil flows to auxiliary control valve (4) at port (B) . Stem movement is
controlled by actuation of pilot proportioning solenoids (9) that allow oil to flow to either end of
auxiliary valve stem (27) .

The position of auxiliary valve stem (27) blocks the oil in both ends of the auxiliary cylinder.
This keeps the auxiliary cylinder from moving.

CLOSE Position

When the auxiliary control lever or the thumb lever on the joystick control is moved to the
CLOSE position, pilot oil is sent to the left end of auxiliary valve stem (27) and auxiliary valve
stem (27) moves to the right. Implement oil is sent from pump port (B) around auxiliary valve
stem (27) to the bottom of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load
check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to
bridge passage (38) . Oil flows around auxiliary valve stem (27) to work port (35A) .

Oil is allowed to flow to the head end of the auxiliary cylinder. This causes the auxiliary cylinder
to extend. Solenoid valves (9) and auxiliary valve stem (27) respond in proportion to the signal
that is received from the operator controls.

Oil from the rod end of the auxiliary cylinder enters through work port (35B) and exits through
tank port (C) to the hydraulic tank.

OPEN Position Operation

When the auxiliary control lever or the thumb lever on the joystick control is moved to the
OPEN position, pilot oil is sent to the right end of auxiliary valve stem (27) and auxiliary valve
stem (27) moves to the left. Implement oil is sent from pump port (B) around auxiliary valve
stem (27) to the bottom of compensation and load check valve (16) . Compensation and load
check valve (16) is pushed up and flow goes through the openings in the load check valve to
bridge passage (38) . Oil flows around auxiliary valve stem (27) to work port (35B) .

Oil flows to the rod end of the auxiliary cylinder. This causes the cylinder to retract. Solenoid
valves (9) and auxiliary valve stem (27) respond in proportion to the movement of the operator
controls.

Oil from the head end of the auxiliary cylinder enters through work port (35A) and exits through
tank port (D) to the hydraulic tank.

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the line relief valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Relief Valve (Line)".

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the solenoid valves, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valve (Implement)".

Valve Manifold (Inlet)

Valve manifold (5) contains signal duplicating reducing valve (19) and relief valve (20) for load
sensing. Signal duplicating reducing valve (19) reduces supply oil to signal pressure.

When a circuit is active, signal duplicating reducing valve (19) duplicates the pressure that is
received from load signal resolvers (22) of the active circuit with the highest pressure. This
signal pressure is then sent to the implement piston pump at point (E) . The implement piston
pump is upstroked in proportion to the signal pressure that is received.

Relief valve (20) for load sensing limits the maximum signal pressure by draining oil that is
above maximum signal pressure back to the hydraulic tank at point (F) .

ReferenceFor more information on the operation or the relief valve for load sensing, refer to
Systems Operation, "Relief Valve (Load Sensing Signal)".

Valve Manifold (End Cover)

Valve manifold (6) contains solenoid valve (13) for hydraulic lockout, pressure reducing valve
(18) for pilot pressure and relief valve (28) for margin pressure .

Pressure reducing valve (18) for pilot pressure receives oil from the implement piston pump
through tank port (B) . The valve reduces the pressure of the system oil to pilot pressure. Pilot
pressure oil is sent to the pilot circuit.
Relief valve (28) for margin pressure receives pump oil from pump port (B) and load sensing oil
from signal duplicating reducing valve (19) . Relief valve (28) allows system oil at pressure
above the margin pressure setting over the signal oil to drain to the hydraulic tank through tank
port (C) .

Solenoid valve (13) for hydraulic lockout is controlled by an output of the implement ECM. The
hydraulic lockout switch in the cab provides input to the implement ECM regarding the desired
status of the pilot hydraulic system. When the solenoid valve is energized, the pilot hydraulics
are enabled. The pilot hydraulics are disabled when the solenoid is de-energized.

ReferenceFor more information on the solenoid valve for hydraulic lockout, refer to Systems
Operation, "Solenoid Valves (Implement)".

ReferenceFor more information on the switch for hydraulic lockout, refer to Systems Operation,
"Switches".

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