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ABSTRACT
The experiment consisted of separating caffeine from five Lipton tea bags which weighed a total of 10 grams by
multiple extraction. By introducing 20 mL dichloromethane each time to the solution containing 4.40 grams of
anhydrous sodium carbonate and 100 mL distilled water, an organic layer was collected. With a total amount of 60 mL
dichloromethane placed, this procedure was repeated thrice. Subsequently, a spatula of anhydrous sodium sulfate was
added to the combined organic layer, which was then covered and left to evaporate in order to obtain the caffeine.
Based from the experiment, the caffeine acquired weighed a total of 0.05 grams. With this, 0.5% caffeine was
recovered from the multiple extraction.
I. INTRODUCTION
Extraction is a technique used to separate a B. Procedure
desired substance from a mixture [1]. The 1. Preparing the Water Bath
process of transferring from one phase of a 4.4g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was
compound into another is stated by the weighed in a 400 mL tared beaker. 100 mL of
extraction theory. Solid-liquid extraction and distilled water was then added to the beaker.
liquid-liquid extraction are the two kinds of Afterwards, the beaker was heated in the hot
extraction. In liquid-liquid extraction or solvent plate.
extraction, there are two types: single and
multiple extraction.
Single extraction is the combination of an
organic solvent and water to form a bilayer. Most
organic solvents are immiscible in water and are
much less polar than water. They follow the rule
for solubility which states that like dissolves like.
After stirring the dichloromethane with the
solution, a heterogeneous solution can be
observed; the more dense solvent settles on the
lower layer while the less dense solvent settles
on the upper layer. In single extraction, the
whole aqueous solution is extracted [3].
Multiple extraction is a way to increase
extraction yield. It involves repeated extraction Figure 1. Weighing of 4.4g Anhydrous Sodium
processes and divided solvent is added to Carbonate
solution for every process. A better recovery will
be obtained by using two equal volumes of
solvent than the recovery that will be obtained by
using the summation of all volumes; thus making
multiple extraction more efficient than single
extraction. In addition, not all of the component
of the mixture is extracted when only a fraction
of the solvent is used [3].
The objectives of the experiment were:
1. To compare single and multiple
extractions of caffeine from dried tea
leaves
2. To calculate the percentage yield of
caffeine for both extraction procedures.
Figure 2. Heating the Water Bath
II. EXPERIMENTAL 2. Solid-Liquid Extraction
A. Test Compound/s or (Sample/s) used When the mixture in the beaker is boiling, add
Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3), the 10g of tea (5 tea bags) in the boiling mixture
Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate (Na2SO4), then cover the flask with a watch glass. After
Dichloromethane (DCM), Distilled Water, Lipton
Black Tea Leaves
boiling for 10 minutes, the extract was cooled to
room temperature.