CARAGA REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

San Juan, Surigao City

Name: Answer Key Section:

Activity 1
EXPERIMENT, SAMPLE SPACE, EVENT AND PROBABILITY

Learning Target:
1.) Identify experiment, sample space, event and the probability of the given situations.

I. CONCEPT NOTES
An EXPERIMENT is any activity with an observable result. Tossing a coin, rolling a die or choosing a
card are all considered experiments.

An OUTCOME (or SAMPLE POINT) is the result of the experiment.

The set of all possible outcomes or sample points of an experiment is called the SAMPLE SPACE.

An EVENT is a subset of the sample space.

To find the theoretical probability of an event occurring, we must first find a UNIFORM SAMPLE SPACE
(the outcomes are all equally likely). If there are n outcomes in the sample space, they will each have a
probability of 1=n of an event occurring . The outcomes are MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE - that is, only
one can occur during the experiment.

Examples:

Example 1 Tossing a coin. The sample space is S = {H, T}. E = {H} is an event.

Example 2 Tossing a die. The sample space is S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. E = {2, 4, 6} is an event, which can be
described in words as ”the number is even”.

Example 3 Tossing a coin twice. The sample space is S = {HH, HT, TH, T T}. E = {HH, HT} is an event,
which can be described in words as ”the first toss results in a Heads.

Example 4 Tossing a fair coin. In this case, the probability measure is given by P(H) = P(T) = 1 2 . If the
coin is not fair, the probability measure will be different.

II. LEARNING EXPERIENCE

A.) Checking for understanding
Direction: Determine the experiment, sample space, event and probability of the event of the following
situations.

Experiment Sample Space (SS) Event (E)

Probability of the Event
1. Getting an ace when a card is drawn from a regular deck of cards.
SS = {SA, S2, S3, S4, S4,
S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, SJ,
SQ, SK, CA, C2, C3, C4,
C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, C10,
drawing a card from a E = {SA, CA, HA, DA}
CJ, CQ, CK, HA, H2, H3, 4/52 or 1/13
regular deck of cards
H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9,
H10, HJ, HQ, HK, DA, D2,
D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8,
D9, D10, DJ, DQ, DK}
 2. Picking up a blue marble in a box containing 5 red, 2 yellow, and 3 blue marbles.

picking up a marble SS = {r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, y1,

E = {b1, b2, b3} 3/10
from a box y2, b1, b2, b3}
3. Choosing weekends from a week.
choosing days from a SS = {S, M, T, W, Th, F,
E = {S,Sa} 2/7
week Sa}
4. Picking up a letter ‘M’ from the word MATHEMATICS.
picking a letter from
SS = {M1, A1, T1, H, E, M2,
the word E = {M1, M2} 2/11
A2, T2, I, C, S}
MATHEMATICS
5. Selecting a 31-day month from a year.
SS = {Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr,
selecting a month from E = {Jan, Mar, May,
May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, 7/12
a year July, Aug, Oct, Dec}
Oct, Nov, Dec}
6. Selecting an even number from the first 20 counting numbers.
selecting a number
E = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,
from the first 20 SS = {1, 2, 3, 4, …20} 10/20 or 1/2
14, 16, 18, 20}
counting numbers
7. Selecting a number divisible by 4 from positive integers greater than 15 but less than 40.
selecting a number
from positive integers E = {16, 20, 24, 28, 32,
SS = {16, 17, 18, 19, …39} 6/24 or 1/4
greater than 15 but less 36}
than 40
8. Choosing a small size outfit from small and medium size of shirts and small, medium, large shorts.
choosing a outfit from
SS = {shirtsshortss,
small and medium size
shirtsshortsm, shirtsshortsl,
of shirts and small, E = {shirtsshortss} 1/6
shirtmshortss, shirtmshortsm,
medium, and large
shirtmshortsl}
shorts
9. Getting exactly two tails in flipping a coin three times.
SS = {HHH, HHT, HTH,
flipping a coin three
THH, HTT, THT, TTH, E = {HTT, THT, TTH} 3/8
times
TTT}
10. Selecting prime number from a positive integer less than 50.
selecting a number E = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,
from a positive integer SS = {1, 2, 3, 4, …49} 17, 19, 23, 29. 31, 37, 15/49
less than 50 41. 43. 47}

B.) Processing Questions:

1.) How are sample events identified?
Finding every possible outcome of the experiment.

2.) What is the formula for probability?

number of favored outcomes/number of all possible outcomes
C.) Concluding Statement
I find learning probability important due to the role it plays in statistics.

3 Things I learned while reading ...

1.)An experiment is any activity with an observable result. Tossing a coin, rolling a die or
choosing a card are all considered experiments.

2.)An outcome (or sample point) is the result of the experiment.

3.)The set of all possible outcomes or sample points of an experiment is called the sample
space.

2 Interesting Facts

1.) To find the theoretical probability of an event occurring, we must first find an
uniform sample space (the outcomes are all equally likely).
2.) If there are n outcomes in the sample space, they will each have a probability of
1=n of an event occurring.

1 Question I still have…

1.) What are the real world applications of calculating the probability of simple
experiments?