ELECTRONIC DOOR LOCKING SYSTEM THROUGH SMS

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1PROJECT INFORMATION:

Home security has been a major issue where crime is increasing and everybody wants to take
proper measures to prevent intrusion. This project presents a model that will provide security to
their home, office or cabin etc via SMS using GSM technology.

Keeping in view the rapid growth of wireless communication we are inspired to work on this
project. The idea behind this project is to meet the upcoming challenges of the modern practical
applications of wireless communication and to facilitate our successors with such splendid ideas
that should clear their concept about wireless communication and control system.

The applications of SMS/GSM Based security system are quite diverse. There are many real life
situations that require control of different devices remotely and to provide security. There will be
instances where a wired connection between a remote appliance/device and the control unit
might not be feasible due to structural problems. In such cases a wireless connection is a better
option.

Basic Idea of our project is to provide GSM Based security even if the owner is away from the
restricted areas. For this we adopted wireless mode of transmission using GSM. Beside this there
are many methods of wireless communication but we selected GSM in our project because as
compared to other techniques, this is an efficient and cheap solution also, we are much familiar
with GSM technology and it is easily available.

This project is designed to provide ubiquitous access to the system for the security using
extensive GSM technology for communication purposes and microcontroller for device control.
The highlights of our system are the long range of communication and password security. The
security is provided by sending a message to our access number, controlling and
acknowledgement is done through SMS code between our access number and the authenticated
user.
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1.2 OBJECTIVE:

 This project titled ELECTRONIC DOOR LOCKING SYSTEM THROUGH SMS

aims at controlling the door from a remote location by sending a SMS and
also provides the intimation to the user regarding the status of the system.
 The basic aim remains to receive and recognize the SMS sent from a remote location
and actuate the respective device.

1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Designing a system which opens and closes the door from remote place on receiving a SMS
and to intimate the user regarding the status of the door.

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CHAPTER 2
LITETRATURE SURVEY
In the present day technology we have the following electronic door locking
systems.

1. Password based door locking.

2. Fingerprint based door locking.
3. Remote controlled door locking through Internet.

2.1 Password based door locking:

In password based door locking, user sets a predefined password to lock/unlock the
door. He even has the option to change the password.

2.2 Fingerprint based door locking:

Here the door is either locked or unlocked by recognising the fingerprint of the user.
His fingerprint impression (any of the five fingers can be used, preferably thumb
impression is used) is stored initially in the memory of the fingerprint recognition
device. When the user swipes his finger, it is compared with the one that is stored, if it
matches then it either locks/unlocks the door.

2.2.1 Advantages of fingerprint based over password based

door locking
This system is more authenticated and secured as compared to password based door
locking, be- cause fingerprint of each every person in the world is unique it cannot be
trapped or duplicated.

2.2.2 Limitations of the above two technologies

Both the technologies which are mentioned above are stand alone systems, Since the
sense it is not possible to lock/unlock the door from any remote place and in case if
anyone enters the gate or the door (even though it is locked) by some means, then it
is not possible to intimate the owner at that instant immediately.

2.3 Internet based door locking system:

As internet came into existence, researchers thought of making use of it for home
automation, in which door locking was one of the main concern. Using internet
enabled Cell phones it is possible to lock/unlock the door from any remote place.
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2.3.1 Though the above system avoids the problem faced by

password based or fingerprint recognised system, it has
following limitations:

• It is not an economical way to implement.

• Cell phones should be enabled with internet.
• Internet access is not available everywhere, such as in rural areas. Person should have
knowledge to access the internet.
• Person should have knowledge to access the internet.

2.4 Changes incorporated:

• We are making use of SMS to lock/unlock the door.
• Acknowledgement to the owner regarding intrusion

2.4.1 Advantages:
• It is cost effective system as compared to controlling through Internet.
• Acknowledgement to the owner regarding intrusion ,which was not possible in the
earlier systems.
• Locking/unlocking is done through SMS, which is free to use these days
• Cell phones are accessed by the users all over the world including in the rural areas
and hobli region where Internet cannot reach.

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CHAPTER 3
System Description
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM:

GSM MICROCONTROLLER RELAY

MODEM
CELL PHONE 89V51RD2
SIM300

POWER SUPPLY SOLENOID

VALVE

Figure 3.1 Block Diagram

3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION:

The Prototype consists of following blocks
1. Cellphone
2.GSM modem
3.Microcontroller
4.Power supply
5.Door locking unit

3.2.1 Microcontroller:-

 When we have to learn about a new computer we have to familiarize about the machine
capability we are using, and we can do it by studying the internal hardware design

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(devices architecture), and also to know about the size, number and the size of the
registers.
A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor (the CPU), non-volatile
memory for the program (ROM or flash), volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a
clock and an I/O control unit. Also called a "computer on a chip," billions of
microcontroller units (MCUs) are embedded each year in a myriad of products from toys
to appliances to automobiles. For example, a single vehicle can use 70 or more
microcontrollers. The following picture describes a general block diagram of
microcontroller.

Figure 3.2 Block Diagram of P89V51RD2

 P89V51RD2:
The P89V51RD2 is an 80C51 microcontroller with 64 kB Flash and 1024 bytes of data
RAM. A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design engineer can
choose to run the application with the conventional 80C51 clock rate (12 clocks per
machine cycle) or select the X2 mode (6 clocks per machine cycle) to achieve twice the
throughput at the same clock frequency. Another way to benefit from this feature is to
keep the same performance by reducing the clock frequency by half, thus dramatically

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reducing the EMI. The Flash program memory supports both parallel programming and
in serial In-System Programming (ISP). Parallel programming mode offers gang-
programming at high speed, reducing programming costs and time to market. ISP allows
a device to be reprogrammed in the end product under software control. The capability to
field/update the application firmware makes a wide range of applications possible. The
P89V51RD2 is also In-Application Programmable (IAP), allowing the Flash program
memory to be reconfigured even while the application is running.

3.2.2 GSM MODEM-SIM 300:

Figure 3.3 GSM MODEM

This is a plug and play GSM Modem with a simple to interface serial interface. Use it to send
SMS, make and receive calls, and do other GSM operations by controlling it through simple AT
commands from micro controllers and computers. It uses the highly popular SIM300 module for
all its operations. It comes with a standard RS232 interface which can be used to easily interface
the modem to micro controllers and computers.
The modem consists of all the required external circuitry required to start experimenting with the
SIM300 module like the power regulation, external antenna, SIM Holder, etc.

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3.2.3 LM 7805 :
This series of fixed-voltage integrated-circuit voltage regulators is designed for a wide range of
applications.
These applications include on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems
associated with single-point regulation. Each of these regulators can deliver up to 1.5 A of output
current. The internal current-limiting and thermal-shutdown features of these regulators
essentially make them immune to overload.
In addition to use as fixed-voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable output voltages and currents, and also can be used as the power-
pass element in precision regulators.

Figure 3.4 LM7805

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CHAPTER 4
HARDWARE DESIGN
4.1 SPECIFICATIONS:
4.1.1 MICROCONTROLLER P89V51RD2:

 16/32/64 kB flash and 1024B of Data RAM.

 A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option.
 The flash program memory supports both parallel programming and in serial ISP.
 Supports 12-clock(default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP.

FEATURES:

1.80C51 CPU.

2. 5V operating voltage from 0MHz to 40 MHz.

3. 16/32/64 kB of on-chip flash user code memory.

4. PCA(programmable counter arrray) with capture/compare functions.

5. Four 8-bit I/O ports with three high-current port 1 pins.

6. Three 16-bit timers/counters.

Figure 4.1 PIN DIAGRAM OF P89V51RD2

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Vcc-Pin 40 provides supply voltage to the chip. The voltage source is +5V.

GND-Pin 20 is the ground.

RST-Pin 9 is the reset pin. It is an input and is active high(normally low).

EA- pin is connected to the Vcc and connected to pin no. 31.

PSEN-It is “program store enable”. It is read strobe to external program memory.

ALE-It is output pin and is active high. When connecting a microcontroller to external memory,
port 0 provides both address and data.

I/O PORT PINS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:

PORT 0: An 8-bit open drain bidirectional I/O port. It is the multiplexed low-order address and
data bus.

PORT 1:An 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. P1.5, P1.6, P1.7 have high current drive of 16mA.

PORT 2: *-bit bidirectional I/Oort, it receives control signals and a partial of high-order address
bits during the programming.

4.1.2 GSM MODEM (SIM 300) :

 5V RS232 Driver
 Real Time Clock
 USB connector
 "RED led" 5mm
 10 watt zener diode

Features:

 Uses the extremely popular SIM300 GSM module

 Provides the industry standard serial RS232 interface for easy connection to computers
and other devices .
 Provides serial TTL interface for easy and direct interface to microcontrollers
 Can be used for GSM based Voice communications, Data/Fax, SMS,GPRS and TCP/IP
stack
 Can be controlled through standard AT commands

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 Module’s operation mode can be controlled through the PWR Switch connected to the
PWR pin.
 Comes with an onboard wire antenna for better reception. Board provides an option for
adding an external antenna through an SMA connector
 The SIM300 allows an adjustable serial baud rate from 1200 to 115200 bps (9600
default)
 Operating Voltage: 7 – 15V AC or DC (board has onboard rectifier)

AT COMMANDS-
The AT commands are used to control the operation of the modem. They are called AT
commands because the characters AT must precede each command to get the ATtention of the
modem.

AT commands can be issued only when the modem is in command mode or online command
mode. The modem is in command mode whenever it is not connected to another modem. The
modem is in data mode whenever it is connected to another modem and ready to exchange data.
Online command mode is a temporary state in which one can issue commands to the modem
while connected to another modem.

COMMANDS DESCRIPTION
1. Ate Turn off echo
2. AT&W Save settings
3. AT+CMGF Select text mode for SMS
4. AT+CNMI Notifications for new SMS
5. AT+CMGR Read message
6. AT+CMGS Send message
7. AT+CMGD Delete message

4.2.3 LM 7805:
 3-Terminal Regulators
 Output Current up to 1.5 A
 Internal Thermal-Overload Protection
 High Power-Dissipation Capability
 Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting
 Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation

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4.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Figure 4.2 Circuit Diagram

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4.3 DESIGN :
For power supply ,

Output voltage required is 5V

The transformer used is 230V,50HZ. Transformer converts this voltage in to 8.4V. The drop out
voltage of IN4007 diode is 0.7V. The bridge rectifier is used at the input side. The total drop out
voltage of two diodes is 0.7V+0.7V=1.4V. The output voltage is of bridge rectifier is 8.4V –
1.4V = 7V .

Reservoir capacitor is used to store excess of current.

The drop out voltage of LM7805 is 2V. Hence output voltage of LM7805 is approximately
comes out to be 7V - 2V= 5V which is the required output voltage from the power supply.

For LED resistors,

The voltage rating of relay driver is 20V and the current rating is 20mA-30 mA

Ohm’s law is used here to calculate resistors value V=I*R

R = V/I

R = 20V / 20mA

Therefore R = 1 KΩ

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CHAPTER 5
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
5.1 FLOWCHART

START

Check Status of GSM

Modem

Is there NO
any
Message?

YES

Microcontroller will read the

message

According to the message

perform operation

Out the data on relay and

accordingly device will be
ON/OFF

Figure 5.1 Flowchart

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5.2 ABOUT SOFTWARE:

5.2.1 Keil uVision 3.0:

Keil MicroVision is a free software which solves many of the pain points for an embedded
program developer. This software is an integrated development environment (IDE), which
integrated a text editor to write programs, a compiler and it will convert your source code to hex
files too.
Here is simple guide to start working with Keil uVision which can be used for
 Writing programs in C/C++ or Assembly language
 Compiling and Assembling Programs
 Debugging program
 Creating Hex and Axf file
 Testing your program without Available real Hardware (Simulator Mode)

5.2.2 Flash Magic:

Flash Magic is Windows software from the Embedded Systems Academy that allows easy

access to all the ISP features provided by the devices. These features include:

• Erasing the Flash memory (individual blocks or the whole device)

• Programming the Flash memory

• Modifying the Boot Vector and Status Byte

• Reading Flash memory

• Performing a blank check on a section of Flash memory

• Reading the signature bytes

• Reading and writing the security bits

• Direct load of a new baud rate (high speed communications)

• Sending commands to place device in Bootloader mode

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5.2.3 DipTrace:
DipTrace is EDA software for creating schematic diagrams and printed circuit boards.

DipTrace is a complete state-of-the-art PCB Design System. It includes:

 PCB Layout— PCB design with an easy to use manual routing tools,
auto-router and auto-placer.
 Schematic— Schematic Capture and export to PCB or Spice.
 Pattern Editor— allows you to create part footprints.
 Component Editor— allows you to draw parts and make components.

5.3 PCB LAYOUT:

Figure 5.2 PCB Layout

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CHAPTER 6
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

6.1 RESULT:

Firstly, when the system kit is turned ON, GSM modem will send the message to the user
“HELLO, WELCOME ALL”

After that the password is typed by the user wishing to access the security area. If the password
is correct then a message containing password along with his details is sent to the owner.
When the owner receives message along with the details of the person who wants to enter the
office or the restricted area, then the owner will reply ”OPEN”, if reply is positive, the door will
open otherwise remains closed.When the device is turned ON the system acknowledges the user
about the status of the device.If some unregistered user sends sms to the GSM, it will inform to
the owner about the access of unregistered person.

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Figure 6.1 Result

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6.2 CONCLUSION:

We are able to control the devices using GSM enabled mobile phone. Hence, from the above
result we conclude that this is the one of the best option for the security purpose. Since all the
component or device which we are using in our project is very easily available and affordable to
common people, and using the current resources of communication system, this model is
developed. Hence, this makes it very attractive and also very efficient in operation and cost
effective, so that a common people can easily afford it and very easy in operation also.

This technology has applications like in large scale search and rescue missions in adverse
environments. Future work includes research on the device control in 3G mobile communication
networks. This will facilitate controlling the environment of a particular area using the DTMF of
mobile phone with video data from the remote mobile’s camera.

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CHAPTER 7
APPLICATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE
7.1 Applications:
1) This project has its main application in security system. This project can be used in home as
SMS based domestic security system. It will be really useful for the security of flat, bungalow or
any row house. It can be used in our house for theft detection at night time. The other part of the
project (password detector) can be used to automate the door locking process, so the user need
not to carry the door lock keys along with him, he/she can just remember the password and use it
later to open the door.

2) Various parameters monitored in this project like LPG gas leakage, theft detection and
overheat due to fire are also applicable for industrial purpose as well. So this system can also be
used in industries as a GSM based industrial security system.

3) This project can be used in hospitals. We need to do little bit modifications for use in hospital.
We can add oxygen gas sensor to detect the leakage in oxygen gas cylinders, as it can also cause
fire. The password operated locking section can be used in hospitals for those rooms which have
limited access like rooms with chemical or x-ray machine units. So only authorized person can
gain access to this areas/rooms/sections.

7.2 Future Scope:

1. Alarm Phone Dialer: By replacing DTMF Decoder IC MT8870 by a ‘DTMF Transceiver

IC’ CM8880, DTMF tones can be generated from the robot. So a project called ‘Alarm
Phone Dialer’ can be built which will generate necessary alarms for something that is desired
to be monitored. For example, a high water alarm, low temperature alarm, etc. When the
system is activated it will call a number of programmed numbers to let the user know the
alarm has been activated. This would be great to get alerts of alarm conditions from home
when user is at work.
2. Adding a Camera: If the current project is interfaced with a camera (e.g. a webcam), then
we can monitor the room or a particular place and practically watch the device to be
controlled on the user’s mobile while he is away.

3. We can monitor and control more parameters and devices.We can implement other related
modules like fire sensor, wind sensor.

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CHAPTER 8
COST OF COMPONENTS
Components List Quantity Cost Total Cost
GSM modem-SIM300 1 1200 1200

Microcontroller-P89V51RD2 1 355 355

IC LM 7805 1 15 15

Reset IC-DS 1232 1 40 40

Solenoid Valve 1 250 250

Relay-SPDT 12V 1 25 25

0-9v Transformer 1 65 65

Adapter-12V 1 175 175

Transistor-NPN BC548 1 5 5

Diode-IN4007 5 1 5

Crystal Oscillator 1 10 10

Capacitors-30pF 2 1 2
-1000uF 1 5 5
-470uF 1 2 2
Resistors-1k 2 0.5 1
-10k 1 1 1
-330 1 1 1
MX27 connector 1 23 23
Relimate connector-2 pin 2 4 8
Tact switch 1 3 3
LED 1 1 1
TOTAL COST Rs.2192/-

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REFERENCES
[1] BOOK REFERENCES:
[1] Muhammad Ali Mazidi,the 8051 Microcontroller.

[2] “Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C” 2nd Edition, Dept Of E&TC

[2] RESEARCH PAPERS:

[1] Thong, S.T.S.; Chua Tien Han; Rahman, T.A.; , “Intelligent Fleet Management System with
Concurrent GPS & GSM Real-Time Positioning Technology,"Telecommunications, 2007.” ITST
'07. 7th International Conference on ITS, vol., no., pp.1-6, 6-8 June 2007.

[2] Sheikh Izzal Azid, Sushil Kumar, “Analysis and Performance of a Low Cost SMS Based
Home Security System International Journal of Smart Home Vol. 5, No. 3, July, 2011, P 15.

[3] Nadia Shaheen, Aihab Khan, Malik Sikander Hayat Khiyal and Qaiser Javed, “ Home
Automation Disaster Management System via SMS and GSM",JOURNAL OF COMPUTING,
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, JULY 2011, ISSN 2151-9617, P 132.

[4] Elkamchouchi, H.; ElShafee, A. "Design and prototype implementation of SMS based home
automation system", Electronics Design, Systems and Applications (ICEDSA), 2012 IEEE
International Conference on, On page(s): 162 – 167.

[5] B. Yusekkaya , A. A. Kayalar , M. B. Tosun , M. K. Ozcan and A. Z. Alkar "A GSM,

internet and speech controlled wireless interactive home automation system", IEEE Trans.
Consumer Electron., vol. 52, no. 3, pp.837 -843 2006.

[3] WEB REFERENCES:

[1] Crystal Oscillator, http://en.wikipedia.org.

[2] Electric locks, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/door security

[3] About GSM Modem on Stu works http://www.howstuffworks.com/gsmmodem.

[4] Datasheets, http://www.alldatasheets.com.

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