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ARTÍCULOS DE REVISIÓN
RESUMEN
Se hizo una revisión acerca de la microbiología, los métodos de detección y los mecanismos que utiliza Helicobacter pylori para
colonizar la mucosa gástrica, así como la relación con la enfermedad ulcerosa péptica. En la actualidad se reconoce a Helicobacter
pylori como el principal agente causal de la gastritis crónica, estimándose que entre 90 a 95 % de los pacientes con úlcera
duodenal y 60 a 70 % de aquellos con úlcera gástrica, están colonizados por este microorganismo. La relación causal de la
infección con la úlcera péptica viene apoyada por estudios epidemiológicos, que demuestran la alta prevalencia de la infección
en enfermos ulcerosos y por estudios clínicos que evidencian la drástica disminución de las recidivas y las complicaciones después
de la erradicación del microorganismo.
SUMMARY
A review was made on the microbiology methods of detection and the mechanisms used by Helicobacter pylori for colonizing
the gastric mucous, as well as the relationship with the ulcerous peptic disease. At present, Helicobater pylori is reconozed as the
main agent that cause chronic gastritis. It is estimated that between 90 to 95 % of the patients with duodenal ulcer and the 60
to 70 % of the patients suffering from gastric ulcer are colonized by this microorganism. The causal relationship with the peptic
ulcer is supported by epidemiological studies that had proven the high prevalence of this infection in patients suffering from
ulcer. Clinical studies evidence the drastic reduction of the recurrence and the complications after the erradication of the
microorganism.
1
Especialista de I Grado en Gastroenterología.
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