A MINOR PROJECT REPORT

On

PRODUCT ANALYSIS OF ITC

Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement of

Bachelor of Commerce (Honors)

B.Com.(Hons.) 2nd Semester (Evening)

Batch 2018-2021
Submitted To: Submitted By:

Ms.Ashima Sexana Deep Singh

Enrollment
Assistant Professor No.41424588818

JAGANNATH INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT SCHOOL

KALKAJI
 PROJECT COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project Work titled "Product Analysis of ITC" is a bonafide
work of Deep Singh, Enrollment No. : 41424588818 carried out in partial fulfillment
for the award of degree of B.Com.(Hon.) of Jagannath International Management
School under my guidance. This project work is original and not submitted earlier
for the award of any degree / diploma or associate ship of any other University /
Institution.

Signature of the Guide:

Name and Official Address of the Guide

Place:

Date:
 DECLARATION
I, Deep Singh being a student of B.COM(Hons.) second semester of JAGANNATH
INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT SCHOOL hereby declares that the project
report under title "PRODUCT ANALYSIS OF ITC" is my own work. All care has
been taken to keep this report error free and I sincerely regret for any unintended
discrepancies that might have crept into this report. I shall be highly obliged if
errors (if any) be brought to my attention.

Thank You
(Deep Singh)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The present work is an effort to throw some light on “The Pricing Strategies of the
market in the economy”.

With deep sense of gratitude I acknowledge the encouragement and guidance

received by my project guide Ms.Ashima Saxena. She has been a constant
guiding force and source of illumination for me. Without her supervision and
motivation the work would not have been possible. I would like to thank her for her
valuable advice and guidance.

I am also thankful to all the respondents who spared their valuable time for helping
me out in this project.
 CONTENTS

CHAPTERS PAGE
NO.

CHAPTER: 1 – Introduction to the topic 8

CHAPTER: 2 – Objectives 51

CHAPTER: 3 – Literature Review 53

CHAPTER: 4 – Research Methodology 56

CHAPTER: 5 – Limitations 59
CHAPTER: 6 – Findings 61

CHAPTER: 7 – Recommendations 63

CHAPTER: 8 – Conclusion 65

CHAPTER: 9 – Bibliography 67
 FACULTY UNDERTAKING

This is to certify that the project is approved as per the guidelines given.

Ms.Ashima Saxena.

Assistant Professor
 STUDENT’S UNDERTAKING

The project on the study of concept of Market Structure in the economy is

completed under the guidance of Ms.Ashima Saxena. is the original work done
by me and it has never been submitted elsewhere.

DEEP SINGH

41424588818
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

About the project

Market is like a nervous system of modern economic life. There are two aspects
of every market: demand and supply. Producers and consumer carry out their
transactions of sale and purchase through medium of market. In the Layman’s
language, market refer to the place where goods are purchased and sold.

This project is whole about the market structure and its types indicating its
importance with its differentiation factors, along with its different pricing structures.

The project has been classified into different chapter along with its other
components.

The first chapter in this project is the introduction to the market in which have
included forms of market, their structure, and introduction to each market and their
relevant information.

Second chapter includes objectives of research.

In the third chapter literature review regarding to the topic is included.

The fourth chapter includes research methodology is mentioned as research

methodology is about where data is collected from.
 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

This is to certify that the project work titled ‘PRICING IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF
MARKET IN THE ECONOMY’ is a work of Anupriya enrolment no. 00624588817
whocarried out the project under the partial fulfilment for the award of the degree
of B.com (h) of JAGANNATH INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT SCHOOL under
my guidance. This project work is original and not submitted earlier for the award
of any degree/ diploma or associate ship of any other University/ Institution.

Ms.Ashima Saxena.

Assistant Professor
 CHAPTER -1

INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

Product

In general, the product is defined as a "thing produced by labor or effort" or

the "result of an act or a process", and stems from the verb prod4ruce, from
the Latin prödüce(re) '(to) lead or bring forth'. Since 1575, the word "product"
has referred to anything produced. Since 1695, the word has referred to "thing
or things produced".

In economics and commerce, products belong to a broader category of goods.

The economic meaning of product was first used by political economist Adam
Smith.

In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might

satisfy a want or need. In retailing, products are called merchandise. In
manufacturing, products are purchased as raw materials and sold as finished
goods. Commodities are usually raw materials such as metals and agricultural
products, but a commodity can also be anything widely available in the open
market. In project management, products are the formal definition of the
project deliverables that make up or contribute to delivering the objectives of
the project. In insurance, the policies are considered products offered for sale
by the insurance company that created the contract.

A related concept is sub-product, a secondary but useful result of a production

process.

Dangerous products, particularly physical ones that cause injuries to

consumers or bystanders may be subject to product liability.
 Classification of Product

A product can be classified as:-

Tangible Product - A tangible product is a physical object that can be perceived

by touch such as a building, vehicle, gadget, or clothing.
2 Intangible Product - An intangible product is a product that can only be perceived
indirectly such as an insurance policy.

What Is Product Analysis?

Product analysis is assessment of student learning through the examination

of student products such as student portfolios, assignments, or writings. The
type of analysis used may range from a comparison of student products with
pre-determined quality standards, to narrative descriptions, and subjective
assessments of quality. Product analysis is the systematic examination of
instructional products, such as student or client created objects, portfolios,
assignments, or writings, to assess the effectiveness of program activities or
services.
OBJECTIVES
 CHAPTER: 4

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research design is the specification of method and producers for acquiring the
information needed. It is the framework which determines the course of action
towards the collection and analysis of required data. This framework is to ensure
that the relevant data are collected accurately in an economic manner.

Data collection

Data was collected from secondary sources. As the topic comprised of market
structure collection from secondary of possible.

Secondary sources

Secondary data refers to the information gathered by someone other than the
researcher conducting the current study. Such data can be external or internal to
the market and assessed through the internet or published information. Secondary
sources of data provides a lot of information for researcher and problem solving.
Secondary sources of data provide a lot of information for researcher and problem
solving. Secondary sources of data provide a lot of information for research and
problem solving.

The data collected from secondary data are;

1. Internet, website
2. Organisational reports
3. Case studies
4. Books
5. Journal
6. Magazines

ADVANTAGES OF SECONDARY DATA

It saves time that would be otherwise spent collecting data

1. It provides a large database which will not be possible to collect on

its own helps to make primary data collection more specific since with
the help of secondary data, we are able to make out what are the
gaps and deficiencies and what additional information needs to be
collected.
2. It helps to improve the understanding of the problem.
3. It provides a basis for comparison for the data that is collected by the
researcher.

What is Research Methodology?

Research is an original contribution to the existing stock of knowledge making

for its advancements. It is the pursuit of truth with the help of study,
observation, comparison and experiment. Research is a systematic approach
towards a purposeful investigation. Hence, Research is the systematic
process of collecting and analyzing information in order to increase our
understanding of the phenomenon about which I are concerned or interested.

Significance of Research:

The role of research in several fields of applied economics, whether related

to business or to the economy as a whole, has greatly increased in modern
times. The increasingly complies nature of business and government has
focused attention on the use of research in solving operational problems.

Research Design:

Descriptive Research Design

These are concerned with describing the characteristics of a particulars

phenomenon in detail the descriptive study requires a clear specifications of
who, what, when, where, why & how aspects of research. The
methodology adopted to achieve the project objective involved Descriptive
research design.

3.2 Data collection:

The relevant data for the research project is Secondary Data.

Secondary data:-

In addition to the reactions of the selected consumers segments, the factual

information historic background of banks has been collected with the help of
various trade/business journals, company magazines, brochures, and
company reports and concern trade association reports.

•Research Methodology is a systematically solve the research problem. It

has many dimensions and research methods constitute a part of the research
methodology.

•Thus when we talk about research methodology, we do not only talk of the
research methods but also consider the logic behind the methods. We use in
context of our research study, so that research results are capable of being
evaluated either by researcher himself or by others.

•To effectively carry out in research, I would use the following research
process, which consists of series of actions or steps.

Research comprises of the following steps:-

1. Formulating the research Problem.

2. Research design & Sample Design.

3. Analysis of data gathered

4. Data analysis comparison

5. Graphics and interpret

1. Formulating the Research Problem

This is the first step under which the problem is stated in general way and
then ambiguities i.e. understanding and rephrasing the problem thoroughly
and rephrasing the same into a meaningful terms from an analysis point of
view.

The research problem under the present project was to study data of various
finds. For this research process was to be formulated and the execution of
which would result in the desired data.

2. Preparing the research design

The functions of research design is to provide for the collection of relevant

evidences with minimal expenditure of efforts, time and money.

Research Design

Types of research

Sample design

Types of Research

The type of research under present is an analytical research. In analytical

research, we use tact’s or information already available, and analyze these
tomake a critical evaluation of the material. Hence the same would be done.

In this project I had collected facts, data and information.

Sample Design
A simple design is a definite plan determined before any data is actually
collected for obtaining a sample. Researcher must select a sample design,
which should be reliable and appropriate for the report.

3. Observational Design (Collection of data)

Observational design relates to the condition under which the observations

are to be made. Observational design in respect to research. There are
several ways of collecting the appropriate data, which differ considerably in
context of money, time, cost and other resources at the disposal of the
researcher.

Data can be obtained from two important sources

Primary data

Secondary data

Primary Data

Primary data are the data that are collected afresh and for the first time. Thus
happens to be in character. Primary data are collected by the following ways:-

a) Observation

b) Interview

c) Schedule

d) Questionnaires

Secondary Data

Secondary data are the data that are already collected and are only analyzed
by
different sources which are:-

a) Magazine

b) Internet

c) Books, journals and newspapers

d) Employment exchange

Used Secondary Data

The secondary data was collected from , newspapers , magazine in addition

with

internet access which made the study more efficient and meaningful.