Professional Documents
Culture Documents
cats = cat/z/
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
/s/ as in “bus”
voiceless sounds
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
/s/ as in “bus”
voiceless sounds
examples: /t/, /p/, /k/
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
/z/ as in “buzz”
voiced sounds
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
/z/ as in “buzz”
voiced sounds
examples: /d/, /r/, /l/, /m/, /b/, all vowel sounds
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
/ә z/ adds a syllable
–s/–es pronounced /ә z/
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6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES
a. /s/
/s/
cupcakes = cupcake__ b. /z/
e
c. / z/
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6-1 LET’S PRACTICE
a. /s/
/ z/ b. /z/
e
watches = watch___ e
c. / z/
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6-1 LET’S PRACTICE
a. /s/
/z/
cars = car__ b. /z/
c. / z/
e
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
one six
potato potatoes
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
endings: consonant + –y
–y –i and add –es
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
endings: vowel + –y
add –s
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
endings: –o
sometimes –oes
sometimes –os
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
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6-2 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
SINGULAR PLURAL
foreign plurals
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6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-2 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-3 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS
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6-3 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS
SUBJECT
A SUBJECT is a noun.
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6-3 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS
VERB
A sentence has
SUBJECT and VERB.
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6-3 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS
OBJECT
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6-3 LET’S PRACTICE
? ? ?
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
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6-3 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-3 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-4 OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS
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6-4 OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS
Prepositional Phrase =
PREPOSITION + OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION
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6-4 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-4 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-4 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
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6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
IN
(a) I hope to see you in the future.
(b) I like a cup of tea in the morning.
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6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
IN
(c) We start school in September.
(d) My son was born in 1975.
(e) We are in the twenty-first century.
(f) The leaves are beautiful in the fall.
a month
a year
in +
a century
a season
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6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
ON
(g) They got married on February 14.
(h) Her violin lesson is on Monday.
(i) We eat out on Sunday afternoons.
on + a date
on + a weekday
on + a weekday morning(s),
afternoon(s), evening(s)
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6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
AT
(j) We usually have lunch at noon.
(k) She has an appointment at 3:15.
(l) I’m using the computer at the moment.
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6-5 LET’S PRACTICE
in
I like to read __
in the evening.
on
A friend gave me a book for at
my birthday on__ “May 3”.
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6-5 LET’S PRACTICE
in
on
I will graduate __
in 2012. at
I have an interview on
__ June 8 __
at 3:00.
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6-6 WORD ORDER: PLACE AND TIME
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6-6 WORD ORDER: PLACE AND TIME
S V PLACE TIME
place time
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6-6 WORD ORDER: PLACE AND TIME
S V O P T
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6-6 WORD ORDER: PLACE AND TIME
TIME S V PLACE
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6-6 LET’S PRACTICE
Create a sentence.
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6-6 LET’S PRACTICE
Create a sentence.
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6-6 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
SINGULAR SINGULAR
(a) The earth spins. verb + -s
PLURAL PLURAL
(b) Dogs bark. noun + -s
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
SINGULAR SINGULAR
(c) Our teacher comes from Madrid.
PLURAL PLURAL
(d) Our teacher and her son come from Madrid.
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
v s
(g) There is a star in the sky.
v s
(h) There are many stars in the sky.
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6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
takes a plural
verb
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6-7 LET’S PRACTICE
subject ? verb
yes
correct ? no
yes
____
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6-7 LET’S PRACTICE
subject ? verb
yes
correct ? no
no
____
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6-7 LET’S PRACTICE
subject ? verb
yes
correct ? no
yes
____
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6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS
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6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS
ADJ NOUN
(a) Marcela has a blue car.
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6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS
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6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS
Elephants are
interestings animals.
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6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS
adjectives + nouns
main verb + adjectives
be
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6-8 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-8 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-8 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-9 USING NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES
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6-9 USING NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES
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6-9 USING NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES
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6-9 USING NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
research report.
It is a ________
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
It is a _________
computer lab.
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
Nouns ?
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6-9 LET’S PRACTICE
Nouns
circus clown.
He is a ______
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6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND
OBJECTS
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6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND
OBJECTS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
SUBJECT PRONOUNS: I we you he, she, it they
OBJECT PRONOUNS: me us you him, her, it them
Emma
Bill him
she
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6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND
OBJECTS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
SUBJECT PRONOUNS: I we you he, she, it they
OBJECT PRONOUNS: me us you him, her, it them
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6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND
OBJECTS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
SUBJECT PRONOUNS: I we you he, she, it they
OBJECT PRONOUNS: me us you him, her, it them
S
(d) Ahmid and I are teachers.
O
(e) Mary met Ahmid and me at our school.
O of PREP
(f) Mary often has lunch with Ahmid and me.
pronounMary
part works with Ahmid
of subject and I. pronoun
subject
pronoun part of object object pronoun
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6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND
OBJECTS
plural pronoun
singular pronouns plural nouns
singular nouns
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6-10 LET’S PRACTICE
I
me
me ?
Do you want to go for a walk with Spot and ___
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6-10 LET’S PRACTICE
I
me
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6-10 LET’S PRACTICE
they
them
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6-11 POSSESSIVE NOUNS
I try to remember my
classmates’ names.
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6-11 POSSESSIVE NOUNS
‘
SINGULAR: (a) Do you know the teacher s name?
‘
PLURAL: (b) Do you know the teachers names?
‘
PLURAL: (c) Do you know the children s names?
SINGULAR
(d) the teacher the teacher’s name
her cat her cat’s name
a woman that woman’s name
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6-11 POSSESSIVE NOUNS
‘
SINGULAR: (a) Do you know the teacher s name?
‘
PLURAL: (b) Do you know the teachers names?
‘
PLURAL: (c) Do you know the children s names?
PLURAL
(f) the workers the workers’ names
my friends my friends’ names
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6-11 POSSESSIVE NOUNS
COMPARE
(h) Camilla’s here.
Camilla’s = Camilla + is
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6-11 LET’S PRACTICE
1. engineer’s
2. engineers’
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6-11 LET’S PRACTICE
1. engineer’s
2. engineers’
Sometimes people work
in teams.
engineers’ drawing
The __________
is for a new symphony hall.
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6-11 LET’S PRACTICE
1. engineer’s
2. engineers’
A project may require
multiple drawings.
engineers’ drawings
The __________
are almost complete.
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6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
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6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
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6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE
PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES
(c) I have mine. I have my suitcase.
(d) You have yours. You have your suitcase.
(e) She has hers. She has her suitcase.
(f) He has his. He has his suitcase.
(g) We have ours. We have our suitcases.
(h) You have yours. You have your suitcase.
(i) They have theirs. They have their suitcases.
(j) -------- I have a suitcase. Its
handle is broken.
used alone used only with a noun
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6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
it’s = contraction of it + is
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6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
it’s
its
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6-12 LET’S PRACTICE
their
People should cover _____
mouths when they sneeze.
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6-12 LET’S PRACTICE
1. their
2. there
3. they’re
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6-13 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
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6-13 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
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6-13 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
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6-13 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
ourselves
pictures of _________.
myself
yourself
herself
itself
ourselves
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6-13 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-13 LET’S PRACTICE
myself
yourself
herself
itself
ourselves
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
THE OTHER
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
THE OTHER
ANOTHER
another = an + other
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
THE OTHER
THE OTHER
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
THE OTHER
another cookie.
(c) He ate one cookie. Then he ate another one.
another.
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
ation for THE OTHER
we need
imation
rt (d)
another cookie.
(c) He ate one cookie. Then he ate another one.
another.
the other cookie.
(d) He ate one cookie. Then he ate the other one.
the other.
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6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS.
THE OTHER
THE OTHER
another cookie.
(c) He ate one cookie. Then he ate another one.
another.
the other cookie.
(d) He ate one cookie. Then he ate the other one.
the other.
or alone as pronouns
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6-14 LET’S PRACTICE
another
the other
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6-14 LET’S PRACTICE
another
the other
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6-14 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-15 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) VS.
THE OTHER(S)
OTHER(S)
There are many paintings in Mary’s studio. Mary is
working on one of them.
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6-15 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) VS.
THE OTHER(S)
OTHER(S)
(c) There are others on the wall.
(pronoun)
others = other paintings
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6-15 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) VS.
THE OTHER(S)
THE OTHER(S)
There are five paintings on the floor. Ann is going to
buy one of them.
(d) Lin is going to buy the other paintings.
(adjective) + (noun)
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6-15 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) VS.
THE OTHER(S)
THE OTHER(S)
There are five paintings on the floor. Ann is going to
buy one of them.
(f) Lin is going to buy the others.
(pronoun)
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6-15 LET’S PRACTICE
other
others
the other
the others
One of these fruits is a lemon,
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6-15 LET’S PRACTICE
other
others
the other
the others
________
the others are both apples.
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6-15 LET’S PRACTICE
another
other
others
the other
the others
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6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER
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6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER
SINGULAR SINGULAR
ADJECTIVE PRONOUN
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6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER
PLURAL SINGULAR
ADJECTIVE PRONOUN
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6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER
Ben will eat one cookie Ben will eat one and
and leave the other cookie leave the other for
for Rachel. Rachel.
SINGULAR SINGULAR
ADJECTIVE PRONOUN
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6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER
Jill will eat one cookie Jill will eat one and
and leave the other leave the others for
cookies for Ahmed. Ahmed.
PLURAL PLURAL
ADJECTIVE PRONOUN
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6-16 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-16 LET’S PRACTICE
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6-16 LET’S PRACTICE
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PHOTO CREDITS
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