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Compressors on Ships
May 7, 2014 9:06 pm | Leave a Comment | Frozee
compressors
How to Minimize it
Compressors – Working
and Characteristics
April 30, 2014 4:00 am | Leave a Comment | Frozee
Compressors are used to increase the pressure of a
gas. Like pumps, compressors can be classified as
either kinetic machines, which includes centrifugal
and axial compressors, or positive-displacement
machines, which include reciprocating and rotary
compressors. The compressing medium or ‘gas’
depends on the application, such as, if air is used it is
termed as an air compressor. Similarly if refrigerant
is used, it is known as a refrigerant compressor. The
type of compressor, its discharge pressure and
discharge rate is dictated by its use.
Air Compressors
Types of compressors
Here we discuss about two types of compressors that
are commonly used in the industry.
Reciprocating Compressor
Reciprocating Compressor
Screw Compressor
Screw Compressors
Cycle of operation
Voleff = [ ( Ve / Va ) *
100 ] %
Then why clearance space?
It was already seen from the above equation that
volumetric efficiency is 100% when
Effective stroke = Actual stroke
In other words, no clearance volume exists. This is
practically impossible, because some clearance space
is required otherwise piston hits on the cylinder head
as it travels. Also expansion of piston occurs as it
travels and very little clearance may cause the same
problem. Also increased clearance space reduces
compressor efficiency and increase its running hours.
So clearance volume must be kept around a
reasonable value as instructed by the manufacturer.
Isothermal Compression
Also,
Adiabatic Compression
Also,
Specific heat is defined as the heat energy required to
raise the temperature of unit mass of substance by
unit degree.
Polytropic Compression
Also,
Work of compression can be minimized by
isothermal compression. But compression is
practically a fast process. So it better resembles an
adiabatic process. Jacket cooling of compressor
makes the compression polytropic.