1. What is supercritical fluid?

Supercritical fluid (SF) exists at a region above both its critical temperature (TC ) and pressure
(PC ). They also exist as both gas-like and liquid-like properties without crossing the phase
boundaries.
2. Identify the different phase regions usually described in the SF research.
The difference phase regions in SF are the critical, sub critical, near critical and supercritical
region

3. By what methods can the solubility of solute in supercritical fluid be determined?

Two main methods to determine the solubility of a compound, static and dynamic method. In
static method, equilibrium state between the solute and the solvent is achieved before any
sample is taken out to analyze the solubility. Static method carries out the equilibrium process in
many ways which include recirculation of the solvent, agitation by magnetic stirrer, or simply trap
the solvent in the equilibrium cell for some time. Three categories of static method can be
concluded based on type of the vessel: analytic, synthetic and gravimetric. Meanwhile, in dynamic
method, solute which is the condensed phase remains in equilibrium cell, while the supercritical
fluid flows through the cell continuously. Static-analytical method is suitable for multicomponent
systems with low volatile compounds; however it is not appropriate for systems in critical region.
Dynamic method is applicable for determining the solubility of low volatile compound in
supercritical fluid, even though the compound has very low solubilities

4. What is phase equilibria? Why is it important for supercritical fluid applications?

Phase equilibria is to determine the solute solubility parameters and measurement of solvating
strength and the reason why phase equilibria is important is to produce the liquid-fluid phase
diagram of binary and ternary to know the boundary for phase transitions and the critical points
of temperature and pressure.