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A STUDY ON THE CUSTOMER AWARENESS ON GREEN BANKING INITIATIVES


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Article  in  Intercontinental Journal of Marketing Research Review · July 2017

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INTERCONTINENTAL JOURNAL OF FINANCE RESEARCH REVIEW
ISSN:2321-0354 - ONLINE ISSN:2347-1654 - PRINT - IMPACT FACTOR:4.236
VOLUME 5, ISSUE 7, JULY 2017 - UGC APPROVED JOURNAL - S.NO:48817

A STUDY ON THE CUSTOMER AWARENESS ON GREEN BANKING


INITIATIVES
1 2
DR. G. PRAKASH RAJ DR.A.PAPPU RAJAN
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Sacred Heart College(Autonomous), Tirupattur,
Tamil Nadu
2
Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, St.Joseph‘s Institute of Management
St.Joseph‘s College(Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli,Tamil Nadu

ABSTRACT

Banking sector though do not play a direct role in the environmental degradation they too are in way
contribute for the environmental problems indirectly. The banking activities in general are
environmental friendly and do not affect the environment due to their internal operations by causing
pollution or by the discarding hazardous waste. However banks provide loans to the industries and
other firms who in turn carryout the business in such a way that affects the environment. This article
studies the Green banking initiatives taken by the largest public sector bank in India (State Bank of
India) and the awareness and perception of its customers towards such initiatives. Since SBI is the
first public sector bank to introduce Green Banking Products, it is chosen for this research. This study
will help SBI to know about their customers‘ perception about the Green banking initiatives taken up
by it. The study will also help to know the satisfaction level of the customers on Green Banking
Products introduced by SBI.

Keywords: Green Banking, Green Banking Initiatives, Green Banking Services, Business Research

1.0 Introduction

In the recent years many of the banks have started taking initiatives to protect the
environment. They have taken many steps to reduce the pollution causing agents in their internal
operations by introducing mass transportation system, usage of energy efficient bulbs, usage of
environmental friendly material, green buildings etc., Many of the Banks have started focusing on
introducing more and more green products though many products such as Green card, Green loans,
Paperless banking etc., are already in force. Though green banking products or initiatives may not be
the reason for a customer to choose a particular bank, it do contribute in influencing a customer to
decide in favour of a bank. Banks just like any other businesses have a role to play in protecting
nature. Banks at present create awareness among the customers about the environment protection
along with creating environment friendly banking products for the betterment of the society and for a
healthier, happier future ahead.

The rapid industrialization and urbanisation over the past hundred years following the
industrial revolution has resulted in the exponential growth of pollutants harming the natural eco
system of the earth. The Earth‘s environment is being polluted in different forms which harms the
Earth, resulting in rapid change in the Earth‘s climate. As a result, living beings of this planet are
facing acute threat for their existence. It is the duty of every industry to be aware of their
responsibility in restoring the eco system of the earth and contribute positively to the wellbeing of the
nature either by generating environmental awareness or/and by reducing the harmful pollutants in the
production and distribution of their products. The main objective of Green Banking is Environmental
protection, awareness, and sustainable ecological measures through banking transactions. For this

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purpose the banks have introduced number of ―green‖ technologies that fit into their banking
operations. Green Banking is of immense importance to both the Bank and the economy. The
adoption of green banking strategies will help the bank to contribute to a greener and safer earth.
However introduction of various Green Banking products alone may not be sufficient. It is important
to see to it that the products are utilized in a proper way .Thus it becomes important to study the level
of understanding and satisfaction about the green banking products and initiatives among the
customers.

Green banking itself insinuates environmental friendly banking practices and reducing carbon
footprint in banking activities. In other words, it is a form of banking which ensures less utilization of
natural resources and optimal reduction of wastage of paper/carbon footprint. In the recent years more
and more banks have started introducing green banking practices in a bid to contribute towards the
protecting the environment and conserve natural resources. Green banking practices are also labelled
as ethical banking or sustainable banking. So this is one of the important developments in the banking
industry which needs proper awareness among the customers. This study helps in finding out the
awareness and understanding level of these green banking techniques among the customer practices
and of SBI.

1.1 Green Banking

Green Banking, as defined by Institute for Development and Research Technology, is an umbrella
term referring to practices and guidelines that make banks sustainable in economic, environment, and
social dimensions. It aims to make banking processes and the use of IT and physical infrastructure as
efficient and effective as possible, with zero or minimal impact on the environment. [5]

1.2 Customer Awareness

Customer awareness is a part of a company‘s marketing & communications plan. It is a process that
helps an entrepreneur educate customers about his/her company, its performances and the products or
services his/her company delivers. A well-designed awareness program ensures better customer
engagement and protects consumer welfare. [3]

1.3 Descriptive Research

The descriptive research includes surveys and fact-finding enquires of different kinds .The major
purpose of descriptive research is a description of the state of affairs as it exists at present. The
descriptive study is undertaken in order to ascertain and to describe the characteristics of the
variables.

2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Broto Rauth Bhardwaj and Aarushi Malhotra (2013), they published article on Green Banking
strategies :Sustainability through Corporate Entrepreneurship. The article aimed to study the various
models of green banking practices adopted by Indian companies to grow. The research methodology
was based on case study method. The conclusions of the research study showed that the banks which
are adopting the green banking practices influence the performance of the organization. The
managerial implications and discussions were also given.

Sarita Bahl (2012), in this paper the role of green banking in sustainable growth aimed to highlight
the Indian initiatives by various banks adopting green banking and to enlist significant strategies for
adopting green banking. This empirical study was incorporated by the collection of primary and

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secondary data. The study reckons that the Indian bank need to be made fully aware of the
environmental and social guidelines to which banks worldwide are agreeing to. Green banking opens
up a new market for product differentiation thus Indian bank should adopt effective strategies for
green banking by considering it as a strategic imperative and the need of the hour.

Green Banking Policy of BASIC Bank Limited, Bangladesh (2011), was evolved in response to
increasing awareness over climate change, environmental degradation, need for urgent measures for
sustainable development to be addressed by some of the stakeholders all over the world. Banking
system holds a unique position in an economy that can affect production, business and other economic
activities through their procedure for financing activities which would in turn contribute to protect
environment from pollution. Moreover, efficiency in energy use, water consumption and waste
reduction may significantly contribute for operating cost of many of the large banks of the country.

Amirul Afif Muhamat et. al. (2010), in their research paper titled the development of ethical banking
concept amongst the Malaysian Islamic Banks. This research discussed that Ethical banking is
steadily getting consideration and support from the savers and investors who are not only searching
for a place to save and invest their money safely but also a place where their money will be
channelled to productive activities which are free from elements that contribute to the decline towards
average of living and environmental aspects.

3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLY

3.1 OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To know the awareness level of the customers with respect to the green banking initiatives undertaken
by SBI bank with reference to Anna Salai Branch of SBI, Chennai.

3.1.1 SUB OBJECTIVES

To study the satisfaction level of customers of SBI in using the green banking applications.

To study the level of understanding about the areas of green banking systems among the SBI
customers.

To study the satisfaction level of green banking applications and to understand the most preferred way
of implementing Green Banking.

3.2 NEED FOR THE STUDY

The need of this study is to identify the awareness about green banking among the SBI customers.
Green Banking is a concept that has emerged in the recent days .the need of this concept is due to
development of civilization and natural causes, the Earth‘s environment is being polluted in different
forms which caused harms to the Earth, resulting rapid change of the Earth‘s climate. As a result,
living beings of this planet are facing acute threat for their existence. The main objective of Green
Banking is Environmental protection, awareness, and sustainable ecological measures through
banking transaction. For this purpose the banks have introduced number of green technologies that fit
into the banking branch. Green Banking is of immense importance to both the Bank and the economy.
The adoption of green banking strategies will help the bank to deal with these risks involved in their
business operation. Introduction of various Green Banking products are alone not sufficient the
success lies when all those products are utilized in a proper way .Thus it becomes important to study
the level of understanding about the green banking among the customers, which is a part of the study.

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3.3 PROBLEM FORMULATION:

Green banking itself insinuates promoting environmental friendly banking practices and reducing
carbon food print banking activities. To add simplicity to this term, it is a form of banking which
ensures less utilization of natural resources and optimal reduction of wastage of paper/carbon food
print. Green banking is being practiced by all banks. Which consider all the social and environmental
–technological factor with and aim to protect the environment and conserve the natural resources.
Green banking practices are also labeled as ethical banking or sustainable banking. So this is one of
the important developments in the banking industry which need to have proper awareness among the
customers. This study helps in finding out the awareness and understanding level of these green
banking techniques among the customer practices and of SBI.

3.4 RESEARCH DESIGN

A research design is an arrangement of conditions for the collection and analysis of data in a manner
that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure. It provides a
scientific framework for conducting some research investigation. The research should specify the
approach with respect of to the proposed study.

In this study descriptive research design has been adopted. The descriptive research portrays
accurately the characteristics of a particular individual, situation or a group.

3.5 PILOT STUDY

A pilot study is done before executing the project in which customer have been met and questionnaire
was used and to researcher find the feasibility and scope of the project. Based on the pilot study the
features are included for the overall study.

3.6 DATA COLLECTION

Both Primary and secondary data were used for this study. The proposed study is a descriptive one
based on the sample survey method. The study basically depends on primary data. The required
primary data have been collected by means of structured Questionnaire administrated to the customers
of SBI, Anna Salai branch in Trichy City to elicit their responses. To clarify certain concepts of the
study, secondary data have been collected from published reports of the Reserve bank of India, reports
of the public sector banks, standard text books and reputed journals.

3.7 SAMPLING

Sampling is the selection of some part of an aggregate or totality on the basis of which a judgment or
inference about the aggregate or totality is made. It‘s truly representative of population characteristics
without any bias so that it may results in valid and reliable conclusion. The sample size for this study
is 100 Customers of SBI, Anna Salai branch in Trichy City. Convenience sampling method is used for
data collection. The data was collected from the respondents from 1st November 2015 to 30th
December 2015.

3.8 TOOL USED

Data Analytical software used in this project is SPSS.

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After the data collection, the completed questionnaire were scrutinized thoroughly and edited in order
to ensure accuracy, consistency and completeness. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The following
statistical tools were used for analysis:
Frequency table, Cross tabulation, Chi-square test, Factor analysis,Rank analysis.

3.9 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Green Banking is an effort by the banks to make the industries grow green and in the process restores
the natural environment. This concept of Green Banking will be mutually beneficial to the banks,
industries and the economy. Not only will Green Banking ensure the greening of the industries but it
will also facilitate in improving the asset quality of the banks in future.

Green Bank is a practical and smart way of thoughtfulness with a vision for upcoming sustainability
of our Earth and this would contribute to higher and safe standard of living.

This study is carried out to understand the knowledge level about the Green Banking among the
customers of SBI. Since SBI is the first public sector bank to introduce Green Banking Products, it is
been chosen for the study. The study has been carried out in SBI, Anna Salai Branch, Trichy. This
study will help SBI to know about their customer perception about Green banking .The study would
also furnish the satisfaction level of the customers on Green Banking Products introduced by SBI.
Furthermore, the result of this study also serves as a basis for additional research in the field of Green
Banking.

4.0 ANALYSIS OF THE DATA

4.1 FREQUENCY TABLES WITH PERCENTAGES

Percentages are often used in data presentation for the simplification of numbers. It makes the
variable studied to fall in the range of 0 to 100. Through the use of percentages, the data are reduced
in the standard form with the base equal to 100 which facilitates relative comparison. In this study
percentage analysis has been calculated for the demographic profile of the respondents so as to see the
elements of the population. The demographic profile of the respondents includes Age, Gender,
Educational qualification, Occupation, Annual income, Period of relationship with the bank. The
result of this analysis reveals that the population covers the whole elements in it and is not fixed to a
particular group of the respondents. Further, the percentage analysis was used to check the awareness
about green banking, and green channel counter among other factors.

TABLE 1.0

PERIOD OF RELATIONSHIP WITH SBI

No of Years No of Respondents Percentage


Less than a year 5 5
1 year to 5 years 33 33
5 years to 10 years 39 39
10 years to 15 years 10 10
15 years to 20 years 5 5
Above 20 years 8 8
Total 100 100
Source: Primary Data

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The above table 1.0 shows that 5% of the respondents are in relationship with SBI for less than a year,
33% of the respondents are in relationship with SBI for 1 to 5 years. 39% of the respondents are in
relationship with SBI for 5 to 10 years, 10% of the respondents are in relationship with SBI for 10 to
15 years, 5% of the respondents are in relationship with SBI for 15 to 20 years and 8% of the
respondents are in relationship with SBI for above 20 years.

CHART 1.0

OPINION about GREEN BANKING

Source: Primary Data

The chart1.0 shows that 25% of the respondents says that Green Banking promotes environmental
protection, 9% of the respondents feel that Green Banking is similar to e-Banking, 23% of the
respondents feel it is paperless banking, 7% of the respondents feel it is the related with the use of
renewable resources and the remaining 36% of the respondents feel it covers all the above options.

4.2 CHI-SQUARE TEST FOR TESTING ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE SELECTED


VARIABLES

The following hypothesis was framed to test whether the variables, ‗number of years of banking‘ and
‗level of understanding about Green Banking‘ are associated

Ho - There is no association between the number of years of banking and the level of understanding
about Green Banking.

H 1- There is an association between the number of years of banking and the level of understanding
about Green Banking.

Table 2.0 - CHI - SUARE TEST


Particulars Value Degrees of Freedom Significance
Pearson Chi-Square 8.391 5 0.136

In the above table, the calculated value (8.391) is less than the table value (11.070) at the 5%
significance levelandthe chi-square value (0.136) is less than the 0.05 so the null hypothesis was
accepted. Thus it can be concluded that there no significant relationship between the number of years
of banking and the level of understanding about green banking among the customers of SBI.

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4.3 ROTATED COMPONENT MATRIX/FACTOR ANALYSIS

The Rotated Component Matrix gives the correlation of each variable with each factor from the
contribution of the variables or loadings, which represent both how the variables are weighted for
each factor but also the correlation between the variables and the factor. The correlations possible
values range from -1 to +1.
TABLE 3.0 - ROTATED COMPONENT MATRIX
S.No Particulars Components
1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
1 The Green banking cell can be established for
promoting and monitoring green banking 0.65
activities.
2 Banks should associate with NGOs ,
environmentalist and corporate bodies to create
0.71
awareness among the customers about green
banking
3 Banks should adopt green banking as a business
0.79
model for sustainable banking
4 Strict regulations must be framed by RBI to
0.54
promote green banking
5 Green banking awareness is to be propagated by
0.63
banks
6 The Green banking initiative includes tree
plantation, maintenance of Eco parks etc. by the 0.66
banks
7 The bank should shift its motive from ―profit
0.77
profit profit‖ to ― planet people profit ―
8 The bank should implement a rewarding system 0.52
for the customers who carry out their transaction
in an eco- friendly manner
9 Green banking has become an essential element
0.62
in order to protect the environment
10 Adopting green banking techniques is eco-
0.65
friendly
11 Green banking involves promoting environmental
and social responsibility by providing banking
0.69
services in a new way fitting the new age of
banking
12 Green Banking is a Corporate Social 0.75
responsibility of every Bank
13 Green banking opens a market for product 0.54
differentiation
14 Banks should conduct green banking audit to the 0.68
financed project
In the table 3.0 items that were loaded are reduced into 5 significant factors that affect the study. The
factors can be explained by arranging the variables from the questionnaire, into 5 groups based on
highest Component Matrix loadings per statement. These factors are explained below,

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FACTOR 1 - PREFERMENT OF GREEN BANKING

Green banking is a freshly embryonic concept, and hence it is very significant to promote it so as the
people are conscious of its benefits. Policies that uphold green banking must to be founded on a good
understanding of the different factors that affect green banking, and apt information is required to
monitor advancement and measure results To do so a green banking cell must be framed by every
bank and it must check out measures to formulate a policy for green banking and to develop and
implement green strategic plan. The Banks should focus on the environmental policy too as it is the
talk of the present banking system due to increase in the environmental threats. The table 3.0
particulars of 1 to 4 are the loading variable that leads to the identification of this factor.

FACTOR 2 - MODUS OPERANDI OF GREEN BANKING

Green Banking activities must be initiated in banks in order to promote environmentally-friendly


practices and reduce the carbon footprint from banking activities. To do so proper preparation is
required so as to create cognizance among the customers and to indulge them in carrying out their
transaction in an Eco friendly away. This can be done by requesting customer‘s to use online banking
instead of branch banking, Pay bills online instead of paying it in person. Open up CDs and money
market accounts at online banks, instead of large multi-branch banks etc. Any combination of the
above personal banking practices can help the environment. From the bank point of view the banks
should first prepare an agenda to initiate green banking then focus on creating awareness as the
majority of the customers are unaware of the green banking initiatives taken by the bank. Followed by
it, the bank should contribute some projects for the benefit of the society and finally it should promote
Green banking by encouraging the customers to use the green banking applications. Modus Operandi
of Green Banking is a factor that has been identified from the table 3.0 particulars of 5 to 8 represents
the steps to carry out and promote green banking.

FACTOR 3 - ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

Protecting environment is the responsibility of every single individual, the natural resources needs to
be protected, for the benefit of both the natural environment and humans. Due to the pressures of
population and technology, the biophysical environment is being corrupted. This causes a massive
loss to the environment by the way of acid rain, landslides , ozone depletion etc., These environmental
hazards in turn affect the human race by causing various health problems such as respiratory
problems, skin cancer, cholera, yellow fever and many more in the list. Thus the government,
organizations and every individual must take necessary steps in order to reduce the depletion of
natural resources and protect the environment. The table 3.0 particulars of 9 to 11 are the loading
variable that leads to the identification of this factor.

FACTOR 4 - INNOVATIVE CSR PRODUCT

CSR is a process where generally the Banks contribute ethically to the economic development. In the
current scenario many organizations have started promoting their business through Corporate Social
Responsibility strategies because the customers, the public and the investors expect them to act
sustainable as well as responsible. Banks have also started practicing as many CSR activities among
which green banking is a newly emerging one. This green banking products act as an important basis
for product differentiation and as it is an environmental friendly product initiated for the protection of
our Ecosystem .Identification of the factor innovative CSR as the product is carried out from the
variables that are mentioned in the table 3.0 particulars 12 to 13.

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FACTOR 5 - MONITORING GREEN BANKING

As a part of banking, green banking has now got indulged in the curriculum of most of the banks.
Introduction and implementation of any newly introduced product or services are successful only
when it is properly supervised. So , the banks in advance must decide the methods to monitor the
success of their green banking activates so as to obtain its complete benefit the given below statement
discusses some methods of monitoring and improving green banking these statements contribute to
the creation of the factor :Banks should conduct green banking audit to the financed project. The
banks should award loans to its customers only when environmental safety standards are followed.
Disclosure of green banking activities in the annual report.

4.4 RANK ANALYSIS

Rank analysis is a method carried out to allot rank for the variables by calculating the frequency and
the mean score of the responses collected. These variables are ranked based on the scores. The highest
score is given the first rank and is proceeded accordingly

In this study rank analysis has been carried out to identify the usage of green banking application, to
know the satisfaction level of green banking applications and to understand the most preferred way of
implementing Green Banking

TABLE 4.0
RANKS OF GREEN BANKING APPLICATION
S.No Particulars No of Users Rank
1 ATM‘s 33 1
2 Internet Banking 21 2
3 Mobile Banking 18 3
4 Green Channel Counter 16 4
5 Green Card 12 5

The table 4.0 it can be inferred that ATM‘s ranks first as the majority of customers have access over
it. Internet banking scores second rank, Mobile banking scores third, the Green channel counter gets
fourth rank and green card gets fifth ranked.

TABLE 5.0
SHOWING THE BEST WAY TO IMPLEMENT GREEN BANKING

S.No. Particulars Score Rank


1 Adopting paperless banking methods 34 1
Usage of energy consumption method such as
2 20 2
fluorescent lamp etc
Introducing green banking financial products such
3 14 3
as green fund green loan etc
Usage of common transport for the officials posted
4 14 4
at one office
5 Green building 10 5
Contributing a project suggested by bank in order
6 8 6
to enhance green banking

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From table 5.0 it is clearly understood that the majority of the customers feels adopting paperless
banking is the best way of implementing green banking with the option getting the highest score of
34. The second preference of the customers is usage of energy consumption method such as
fluorescent lamp etc. and it gets a score of 20. With a score of 14, introducing green banking financial
products such as green fund green loan etc. is the third preference of the customers of SBI. Usage of
common transport for the officials posted at one office has scored 14 points and it takes the fourth
priority of the customers of SBI. The second last preference of the customers of SBI is Green building
and it gets a score of 10. The last preference is contributing for a project suggested by bank in order to
enhance green banking which is scored the least with 8 points.

5. OTHER FINDINGS

 67% of the respondents are aware of green banking. Major source of awareness (29%) of the
green banking is the initiatives taken by the banks.
 Majority of the respondents (54%) feel that the benefit of implementing green banking will
help in reducing carbon footprint, deforestation, energy conservation and global warming.
 There is no significant relationship between gender and the level of understanding about
green banking among the customers of SBI.
 Majority of the customers feel adopting paperless banking is the best way of implementing
green banking. The other ways in the order of their preferences are usage of energy
consumption method such as fluorescent lamp etc., introducing green banking financial
products such as green fund green loan etc. usage of common transport for the officials posted
at one office, Green buildings and contributing to projects suggested by bank in order to
enhance green banking

6. SUGGESTIONS

Suggestions play a very crucial role it is the outcome of the study that helps to identify the success of
the research carried out. The following are the suggestions given that would help to improve Green
banking activities in SBI.

There is lack of awareness about Green Banking among most of the people and hence the bank should
create awareness to know the benefits of green banking and to use internet banking and mobile
banking as majority of the customers do not know to use it.

A separate cell must be formed to guide the customers to carry out the transactions in an eco-friendly
manner.

Frequent meetings with customers must be planned and in order to know their suggestions and
satisfaction level .A practice of rewarding the customer must be initiated, this would encourage the
customer to participate in the program.

Mass education programs on Green Banking are must be organized by the banks as awareness cum
promotional program. And further they added that the green banking has to be included as in the
curriculum or an activity from the school and college level studies.

The terms and conditions and the method of usage of mobile banking and internet banking must be
mentioned in regional language too.

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7. CONCLUSION

Introduction of various Green Banking products alone is not sufficient in creating a better
environment. The success lies in making sure that those products are utilized in a proper way. Green
banking is the corporate social responsibility of every bank. Along with the focus on the green
banking initiatives the bank should also take care of their lending policies so that the customers are
encouraged to carry out not only their banking transactions but also their business transactions in an
environmental friendly manner. The initiatives taken by the Indian banks are appreciable but when
compared globally, they are lagging behind. In order to improve and enhance the green banking
activities the bank should acquire the support of the Government, NGOs, business organization and
the consumers. The Banks should not be satisfied with the current green banking product they
possess. They must continuously be involved in introducing innovative product for their benefit and
the society as well.

8. REFERENCES

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An Open Access, Peer Reviewed, Refereed, Online and Print International Research Journal
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