Jacob McElwain

Professor Volstad

UWRT 1103-010

18 February 2019

Annotated Bibliography

Bernhard, D. (2011). Cigarette smoke toxicity linking individual chemicals to human diseases

Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.

This book is an unbiased scientific report, from Atkins Library, provides an overview of

knowledge beginning with the chemicals in smoke and what they do to the human body.

It also provides documentation on the toxins’ effects on human cells and tissues. The

author wrote this book because establishing the link between smoking and diseases is

difficult, as there are thousands of different toxins inside cigarettes. The author wrote this

to inform other researchers about links that can be made between human diseases and

chemicals in cigarette smoke. Additionally, it provides prevention and treatment methods

for smoking-induced diseases. The article goes in as much of a chronological order as it

can. It begins with the history of tobacco and moved into the components of cigarettes. It

proceeds to develop an argument by moving into the process of smoking, smoke

chemistry, and what it means when someone is exposed to smoke. The author uses formal

scientific and professional diction to establish ethos. I know the book is scholarly because

it was written by a professional researcher and scientist and it got published. This book

will be very helpful because it covers multiple aspects of my argument and will prove to

be key when it comes time for drafting.

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Do the Benefits of Electronic Cigarettes Outweigh the Risks? (2018). The Canadian Journal of

Hospital Pharmacy, 71(1), 44–47.

This scholarly article discusses how e-cigarettes can be a better alternative solution to

regular cigarettes, as they don’t include all of the toxic by-products that normal cigarettes

do. The article focuses on how e-cigarettes are less self-destructive than normal cigarettes

are. The purpose of this article is to inform researchers, students, and others interested in

e-cigarettes about a (potentially) better alternative to conventional cigarettes. The

information in the article is arranged clearly; however, there are less factual examples in

this article than the others. The article is still a scholarly article, as it has a magnitude of

other sources associated with it, but it is not as informative as the others and this one

seems to use persuasion more than the others. The diction used in this article is still

formal, but it has more reader-friendly word choices than the previous two articles. I

believe this will be a good source to include in my essay when I address the counter-

argument of “not all smoking is bad.” It could prove effective to use a source that would

originally attempt to shine a light on e-cigarettes to explain that there are still some toxins

associated with them and they are not completely safe.

Martins-Green, M., Adhami, N., Frankos, M., Valdez, M., Goodwin, B., Lyubovitsky, J., …

Curras-Collazo, M. (2014). Cigarette Smoke Toxins Deposited on Surfaces: Implications

for Human Health. PLoS ONE, 9(1), e86391.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086391

This source goes in-depth about secondhand and thirdhand smoking and how toxins are

left behind by smokers. This article discusses how toxic these after-hand toxins are to

humans and how they affect the body. The purpose of this article is to inform people
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about the toxins of secondhand and thirdhand smoking and how these toxins affect lungs,

livers, skin healing, behavior, etc. This article highlights an important issue that many

others don’t take into consideration: thirdhand smoking. This point makes this article

important. The authors’ intended audience is most likely other researchers, such as

students, and those who wish to know more about the downsides to smoking cigarettes.

The writers arrange information in a fashion that makes sense. While reading the article,

you can see the outline that the writers followed. They made several points and backed

them up with other sources and the experiments that were performed to prove this

information. The writers’ dictions were formal, as this is a scholarly article. I can tell this

is a scholarly article not only because of the diction used, but because the researchers

performed experiments to back up their claims and strongly relied on logos to inform the

reader. I intend on using this source to highlight the effects of smoking that people may

not be aware of.

Singh, C. R., & Kathiresan, K. (2015). Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Human Health. Asian

Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(2), 162-167. Retrieved from https://ac.els-

cdn.com/S2221169115303373/1-s2.0-S2221169115303373-main.pdf?_tid=0f15c2d1-

c54f-4a75-8aef-

706ffe744310&acdnat=1550005096_9e8b56a517081c115e58b1c2cce40160

This scholarly journal entry describes the way smoking cigarettes effects humans’ health.

The source go very in-depth with the numbers associated with smoking, who smokes,

results of smoking, and even the environmental impacts of smoking. The overall

argument that this source is presenting is that smoking cigarettes are harmful to humans.

The author chose to write about this because it is quite a large, modern issue that many
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Americans are facing today. The authors’ purposes are to inform. The intended primary

audience is students, researchers, and anyone else who may be interested in discovering

the health effects of smoking. The writers arranged their ideas orderly, first beginning

with surprising facts about smoking and then later leads into the negatives of it. The

writers were very formal with their diction, which radiates a serious, concerned tone. I

know this article is a scholarly source because it cites many, many other works (it has 85

citations). Because this article contains such key information, I believe it will be

beneficial to me in my research and I fully intend on using it. Additionally, the source

makes for good logos when I need to persuade my audience in my essay.

Why Do People Smoke? (2018). Retrieved from www.helptoquit.com.au

This article discusses why people originally start smoking, as there are many reasons.

Some reasons people begin smoking is stress, peer-pressure, weight management, and

they watch their friends and family do it and decide they want to try it. The purpose of

this article is to inform the general public about why people begin to smoke so people can

choose not to smoke and so people can recognize why they begin and potentially attempt

to quit smoking. The writer arranged his or her ideas in a simple manner. The writer gave

multiple reasons people begin smoking and followed up each reason with what would

happen if the smoker dropped his or her habit. The diction used is not formal but not

necessarily informal either. It is professional, serious conversation-like. The writer uses

pathos and logos to appeal to the reader to inform and convince the reader why a person

may begin such a dangerous habit. This article will be very important to my research

because it helps me understand the psychological reasons a smoker has for smoking that I
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cannot relate to. It will help in my essay because I can use pathos to appeal to those who

know a smoker and does not approve or those who have smoked before and quit.