The Main Body of the GT

Instructor
KONG IN-
IN-PYO
Kong In - pyo

HANKUK PLANT SERVICES INC.

HP : 0802-492-8100
E-mail : ipkong78@gmail.com
GE : Liner, Nozzle, Bucket
WH : Basket, Vane, Blade
 Overview of Gas Turbines
o Principle : the expansion of the working fluid
and the spinning rotor
- Working fluid of the gas turbine combustion
gas(980 ℃ ~ 1600 ℃)

o Type of turbine
- Axial flow turbines (large)
- radial flow
 Classification according to the
kinetic energy
v Axial Turbine
u Impulse turbine, the turbine divided rebound
u Gas turbine application: one impulse turbine,
the other reactionary turbine
- However the recoil impulse compared to only
output is high, the efficiency is low
- GE: impulse turbine 3
- AlstoGE: impulse turbine 3 단 m / ABB: Recoil
turbine
- Siemens / WH: charge / rebound turbine 4
 Classification according to the
kinetic energy

v Centrifugal turbine
u Under axial load is less than the
area
u Small gas turbines, etc.
 Turbine backlash
vSteam expansion: Rotor and Fixed Wing

- Force and the reaction force of the

charge rotation
- Fixed wing: pressure reduction,
increased speed
- Flywheel: Pressure Energy → Speed
Energy(Reaction force to rotate)
vRecoil is more than 0.5
(Rotary wing drop in the heat
The heat from the short-fall)
vUsing a non-symmetric rotor
blade section
 Impulse turbine

vSteam expansion: fixed-wing

- Fixed wing: pressure reduction ,
increased speed
v
- Flywheel: constant pressure,
speed reduction
- Charging power to rotate

v Using symmetric rotor blade

cross-section
- No axial thrust generated
The configuration of the gas
turbine

q Turbine Rotor (Flywheel)

q Turbine Stator (fixed wing)
q Exhaust Frame
q Turbine cooling system
Internal structure of the gas turbine
 In the form of a low specific Publisher
q Alstom-ABB(Drum Type)
Welding rods for some of the larger diameter rotor slot
produced by the process Processing
q Siemens-Westinghouse (DiscType)
Compressor : Blade Disc inserted heating fitted to the
shaft (501D5)
Insert the bolt through the Disc Blade (501F) (501F)
Turbine: Blade Disc inserted through bolted (501D5 / F)
q General Electric (Disc Type )
Compressor: Bucket assembly bolted through the Disc
Turbine : Bucket to the assembled Disc Wheel Spacer, Flange and
Bolted
 Turbine rotor structure(7001F)
1. Flywheel(Bucket/Blade)
- Dovetail is a disk
disk-
-shaped rotor is fixed on the Wheel
- Only reason for this protracted length increases,
; Increase the volume expansion of the exhaust gases
need to acquire a large space
2. Wheel
- 1,2,3 However Wheel and Flywheel Assembly Spacer between
them consists
- Wheel Fixed: Spacer and Wheel Shaft Flange bolted
3. Spacer
- Between one stage and two
two-
-stage turbine wheel, keep the gap
between the two stages 3
- Determining the axial position of the turbine wheel
- Each stage of the leak-proof (Diaphragm the sealing
surface)
Disc (disk) type Rotor -1
 Shroud
- Reinforce the strength of the rotor blades
- Vibration Reduction
 Turbine Bucket (1 stage)
Leading Edge

Trailing Trailing
Edge Edge

Dove Tail

Convex Concave
(Suction Side) (Pressure Side)
 Stator gas turbine configuration
and function

1. Casing
- The casing is divided into two horizontal
- Each stage has a fixed nozzle assembly that the Shroud Block
- Intermediate stage includes a compressor for extracting
turbine cooling air annular space In
2. Fixed-wing turbines(Nozzle/Vane)
- Expansion of the hot combustion gases at a high speed
Induced rotor blades
- For preventing loss of pressure expansion
Nozzle and an outer diameter of the sealing device installed
- A rear end portion toward the turbine results 3-4
Segment to be fire
3. Diaphragm (Interstage Seal)
- Assembled and fixed
fixed-
-wing side of the inner
diameter of the confidentiality of the gas

4. Shroud Block
- Primary Function
Function:: inner casing and the clearance
between the tip of the bucket in each stage
Minimized by keeping the gas leak
- Two primary functions: the relatively low
temperature of the hot gas and the heat transfer
between the block casing Casing round
maintenance, Nozzle support role
Configure the internal parts Stator

Nozzle

Shroud Block

Diaphragm
 Turbine cooling system

v Introduction
o Part of the high-temperature combustion gas
passage means part
o Cold start-up of the turbine blades to sudden
changes in temperature Thermal Fatigue and
Creep phenomenon causes (deformation, cracks, damage)
o Temper- Thermal efficiency
- Development of heat-resistant material
- TBC (Thermal Barrier Coating)
- Improved cooling system (air-cooled cooling method
employed STM)
 Method of cooling turbine
q 대류냉각 (Convection Cooling)
- Air was flown into the column is removed
through the walls
- Tortuous air flow passage and radial

q Impingement Cooling
- The airfoil cooling air to cool the inner surface
of the collision
- Copper, the metal surface cooled stator
Leading Edge 냉각
 Turbine backlash

v Steam expansion : Rotor and

Fixed Wing

- Force and the reaction force

of the charge rotation
- Fixed wing : pressure
reduction, increased speed
- Flywheel : Pressure Energy →
Speed Energy (Reaction
force to rotate)
Bucket Convection cooling
The concept of cooling
Bucket Cooling Circuit
Efficiency Comparison of Cooling Methods
 Method of cooling turbine

q Film Cooling
- Plein air on the outside of the stator copper as
high temperature gas
- Mainstream and the insulating layer of air film
formed between the wall
- Trailing Edge section of turbine blade cooling
- Convection cooling, impingement cooling is
used in combination with.
 Method of cooling turbine

q Transpiration Cooling
- The cooling air flowed into the hole of the
outer wall of the wings to form a continuous
air film at low temperature
- The most efficient way (less cooling air
consumption) and Greater loss of cooling
 Method of cooling turbine

q Film Cooling
- Plein air on the outside of the stator copper as
high temperature gas
- Mainstream and the insulating layer of air film
formed between the wall
- Trailing Edge section of turbine blade cooling
- Convection cooling, impingement cooling is used
in combination with.
The concept of cooling
Bucket Cooling Circuit
Efficiency Comparison of Cooling Methods
Turbine cooling system performance
according to the Bucket
Cooling System

<그림 3)> 가스터빈 냉각공기 회로(MS7001FA)

q Fixed Wing (Nozzle) cooling

- 1st Stage Convection, membrane , conflicting

combination of cooling (compressor outlet)
- 2nd Stage convection, impingement cooling
(13-once)
- 3rd Stage convection cooling (13-once)
q Bucket/Blade cooling
- 1st,2nd: Dovetail lower internal cooling
passages influx →rail Edge Tip and
discharged
- 3rd Stage (last Stage) : 600 ℃ below
apply to the non
non--cooled
7F (GE) Cooling System (seoincheon)
u Nozzle Cooling
• Internal cooling: the compressor outlet (17) in the
cooling air bleed (1st Stage)
• External cooling: the compressor (13) in the
middle stage of cooling air extraction (2nd,3rd
Stage)

u Bucket/Blade Cooling
• Internal cooling (1st,2nd Stage)
- Rotor Hollow Shaft → Dovetail Lower inflows →
The cooling passages → Tip and discharged Trail
Edge
- 3st Stage is not cooling (600 ℃ or less)
q Wheel Space Cooling
- 1st Stage Front : Inner Barrel air seal between
- 1st Stage Rear : 2nd Stage nozzle cooling air
- 2st Stage Front : 1st Stage behind the wheel
of the cooling air
- 2nd Rear : 3rd Stage nozzle cooling air
- 3rd Front : 2nd Stage The rear wheel of the
cooling air
- 3rd Stage Rear : Exhaust Frame Cooling Air
 Clean cooling system

Cooling Cooling Efficiency Cooled by a

Main Purpose
System Sequence
singular way

Convection Inside the turbine 1st Stage, 2nd Stage

4
cooling blades 3rd Stage

Clean cooling system

Impingement Clean
Impingement
coolingCooling
system
Leading Edge 3 1st Stage, 2nd Stage
Cooling

Film
Film
Trailing Edge 2 1st Stage
Cooling
Cooling

Dissipation Used in some high Used in some high

1
Cooling temperature temperature
Crystal structure of the turbine Bucket