Unit-20 Speak Slowly (Verb/Adverb)

Notes for Teachers

Structure and Timing (all time approximate)

05 Minutes: Motivational Video

45 Minutes: Lecture / Activity
05 Minutes: Vocabulary Building
05 Minutes: Structural Drill Audio inputs

A. Motivational Video

Motivational Video File. 20A1

B. I am Keyur (Verb )

Instruction for Trainer:

Here, the trainer has to explain understanding, usages and formation of various types of
verbs through practical approach in our daily communication. The trainer should also make
the students understand the proper way of pronuncing all the words, phrases and sentences
with due intonation.

Audio file. 20B1

v Listen to the paragraph and notice the underlined parts carefully.

Hello! Friends, I am Keyur. I study in seventh standard. It is my birthday tomorrow.

My parents are going to arrange a party. I have many friends. I have already invited my
friends to the party. Last year I was sick. I had been admitted in a hospital for three days. So,
I did not have a party. The party will begin at six o’clock. It will go on till nine. We will have
the party in the garden of our home. My mother is a good cook. She makes very tasty dishes
and soft cakes. So she will prepare pineapple cake for me. My sister knows some games, so
she has some interesting games for all my friends. I want to play on my guitar, and one of
my friends knows singing. He is going to sing a song for me in the party. Some friends will
dance on music and play musical chairs too. They have colorful masks to wear on their faces.
We will have a lot of fun on that day!

Verb:

A word used to express action, condition or existence is known as a verb.

Ex. They write on paper.

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A Verb is a word that tells or asserts something about a person or thing. The verb tells of
action or doing.

Example:

Walk, ride, laugh, hunt, sing, think, feel, recall, play, look, want, like,

We shall look at some types of verbs

We shall look at some types of verbs

Ordinary verbs

Ordinary verbs occur by themselves in sentences and convey some action.

Example:

Play, take, go, come, walk, sing, jump, play, run, think, feel, see

Auxiliary verbs

Auxiliary verbs are verbs that have to be used with other verbs. They only add meaning to
other verbs. They are used with Ordinary verbs.

Example:

• to be, to have, to do, to be able (can), may, must, will, shall, ought to, used to.
Usage:
• Is playing, have taken, do come, may go, must come, shall walk, ought to study, used
to walk.

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Depending on whether the action denoted by the verb is transferred from the subject to the
object or not, verbs are said to be transitive or intransitive. Transitive means passing over.

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Transitive verb

When the action denoted by the verb helps passes over from the doer or subject to some
object. The verb is called a Transitive verb. A verb which has an object is termed as
Transitive Verb. Ex. She speaks English well.

The boy took the turkey.

• Oliver finished the soup.

• The horse crossed the bridge
• The young trainee read carefully, and loudly all the pages of the company brochure.
• A tired old man brought his cart up the hill.

Intransitive verb

When the action denoted by the verb stops with the doer or subject and does not pass over
to an object the verb is called an Intransitive verb. An intransitive verb may also express a
state or being. A verb which has no object is known as Intransitive Verb. Ex. The ship sank
suddenly.

Example:

• He walked a long distance (action)

• The girl laughs (state)
• There is a mistake in the recipe (Being)

Would you like to see some verbs used both transitively and intransitively?

Most verbs can be used transitively and intransitively. Therefore it is better to say that a
verb is used transitively or intransitively rather than calling a verb a Transitive or an
Intransitive verb.
Used Intransitively
Used Transitively
Ted spoke the truth. Ted spoke angrily.
The driver stopped the bus. The bus stopped suddenly.
The sportsman fights fear. The boys fight fearlessly.
The men broke the wall. The glass broke.
The boy burst the balloon with a pin. The bubble burst.
He opens the window. The window opens to the lake.

Spoke what? - the truth

Stopped what? - the bus

Tense:
We use the tense of the verb to denote the time of action.
Time can be classified as Past, Present and Future.
Tense can be classified as Present tense and the Past tense

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Generally the link between Tense and Time is simple.

Note

Ask the question WHAT after the verb. If you get an answer then it is used transitively.
Present tense

It is used for Present time and Future time

Example:

• He buys books. (present time)

• He is singing a song. (present time)
• He has a headache. (present time)
• He leaves for Paris tomorrow. (future time)
• He is going on a business trip next month. (future time)
• He will buy her a gift for Christmas. (future time)

Past tense

It is used for Past time.

Example:

• He bought a book yesterday. (past time)

• He left for Paris last year. (past time)
• They sang songs at the wedding. (past time)
• We were playing on the hill. (past time)

Verbs of Perception

Some verbs of perception are see, look at, hear, listen to, and feel, along with watch and
sense

They can be used with objects followed by other verbs (base form or gerunds, but not
infinitives).

Note the examples below:

We heard you leave. (Okay. Emphasis on our hearing.)

We heard you leaving. (Okay. Emphasis on your leaving.)
We heard you to leave. (Incorrect!)

Other examples:

I saw her go.

Look at that man run!
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Sylvesterlistened to the canary sing.
We watched them play basketball.
We watched them playing basketball.
Trudy can feel the wind blowing against her skin.
Mr. Todd sensed the lion approaching.

hear smell
Have you heard that cry?
This smoke smells terrible.

feel sound

This opera sounds boring.

Do you still feel hungry?

listen to see

When I saw the house, I loved it.

She is listening to music.

look taste
Look! There is a nice bird flying. Could you taste this soup?

seem watch

Doesn't that seem strange to you? We sat and watched the sunset.

Formation and Identification of Verbs:

Certain suffixes suggest that a word is a verb. For Example, -ify, -ize, -ate, -en or –e at the
end of a word usually signifies that the word is a verb, as in ‘beautify, centralize, create,
waken, bathe’. In the same way certain prefixes like –ac, -be, -em, -en, -im, as in accompany,
become, empower, enlarge, imprison suggest that the word is a verb.

v Read the following conversation carefully and notice the underlined parts suggesting
the verbs.

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Rita : Whose mobile rang just now?
Jaya : It was mine.
Rita : You are supposed to switch it off in here.
Jaya : Who says so?
Rita : It is a school rule.
Jaya : I am sorry but I forgot it, Rita.
Rita : Who has kept these books here?
Jaya : I will just move them from here. I know that we must keep the classes tidy. I
will be careful next time, Rita.
Rita : I hope you will never forget it.

v Asking questions is an inevitable component of any conversation. Following are the

possible sample questions of the verbs.

Sample Questions

(1) When will you get the result of your blood test?
(2) Where did you find the key of your car?
(3) Why does she look so sad today?
(4) Have you finished your work properly?
(5) May I see your new story book, please?
(6) Will you switch off the lights?

C. (Adverb )

Instruction for Trainer:

Here, the trainer has to explain understanding, usages and formation of various types of
adverbs through practical approach in our daily communication. The trainer should also
make the students understand the proper way of pronuncing all the words, phrases and
sentences with due intonation.

Audio file. 20C1

v Listen to the paragraph and notice the underlined parts carefully.

Ramu is a servant. He is very quiet in nature. He gets up early in the morning. He

does all the house hold chores fast and regularly. He is very quick in his work. He arranges
our dining table nicely. He is very tired today. He is in fact really exhausted. He went to the
market to buy some vegetables and grocery items. He returned faster today because we
have some guests. He always attends our guests enthusiastically. He never behaves rudely
to anyone in the family. He looks after our home in our absence. He is really very faithful
and loyal servant. He performs his duty fairly.

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Adverb:

A word that modifies the meaning of a Verb, an Adjective or another Adverb is known as an
Adverb.

Ex. He hit the ball hard.

Kinds of Adverbs:

o Adverb of Manner:
An adverb used to show how an action is done is known as an Adverb of Manner. Ex. She
speaks gracefully.

o Adverb of Place:
An adverb used to show where an action is done is known as an Adverb of Place. Ex. She
stood near the gate.

o Adverb of Time:
An adverb used to show when an action is done is known as an Adverb of Time. Ex. She will
come here soon.

o Adverb of Degree:
An adverb used to show how much or to what extent an action is done is known as an
Adverb of Degree. Ex. We have eaten enough.

o Interrogative Adverb:
An adverb used to ask questions is known as an Interrogative Adverb. Ex. Where did you go
yesterday?

Formation and Identification of Adverbs:

Adverbs answer any of the following questions about verbs: How? , When? Adverbs are the
most movable of all parts of speech; therefore, it is sometimes difficult to identify an adverb
on the basis of its position in a sentence. Most adverbs end in –ly in fact, most adverbs are
formed by adding –ly to adjectives. For example, beautifully, nicely, quickly, nicely, drowsily,
creatively, practically.

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Adjectives Adverbs
Breathless Breathlessly
Comfortable Comfortably
Rapid Rapidly
Skillful Skillfully
Correct Correctly
Fearless Fearlessly
Angry Angrily
Regular Regularly
Immediate Immediately
Happy Happily

v Read the following conversation carefully and notice the underlined parts suggesting
the tense.

Manager : Why have you come late today?

Clerk : Sorry, Sir. I started from home early and walked fast but because of the traffic
I had to walk slowly on the main road, sir.
Manager : Have you completed the files properly?
Clerk : Yes, Sir. I’ve prepared every detail carefully and checked it perfectly.
Manager : O.K. Let me see… You seem to have done your work sincerely.
Clerk : Thank you, Sir. I’ve tried to put every detail accurately and cautiously.
Manager : All right. Will you ask the typist to type this letter immediately today?
Clerk : O.K. Sir. I’ll ask him to be a little faster.

v Asking questions is an inevitable component of any conversation. Following are the

possible sample questions of the tense.

Sample Questions

(1) Why are you driving your vehicles slowly and carefully?
(2) Can you come here quickly?
(3) Whom is she calling loudly?
(4) Did he write all the answers correctly?
(5) Shouldn’t everyone work honestly?
(6) Have you spoken to him clearly about your car?

D. Vocabulary Building

File to be displayed on plasma 20D1

Look at the pictures and repeat the words after the trainer with correct pronunciation.
Try to learn the words by heart. Add new words to your treasure of vocabulary everyday
and make use of the learnt words in everyday life.

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E. Speak Slowly (Verb/Adverb)

Audio file. 20E1

Students are advised to listen carefully to the audio and repeat each sentence in the given
time.

1 – He runs very fast.

Ø Swims He swims very fast.

Ø Walks He walks very fast.
Ø Speaks He speaks very fast.
Ø Eats He eats very fast.

2 – You typed the letter accurately.

Ø Quickly You typed the letter quickly.

Ø Carelessly You typed the letter carelessly.
Ø Flawlessly You typed the letter flawlessly.
Ø Decently You typed the letter decently.

3 – I plan to see it tomorrow.

Ø Hope I hope to see it tomorrow.

Ø Expect I expect to see it tomorrow.
Ø Want I want to see it tomorrow.
Ø Intend I intend to see it tomorrow.
Ø Prefer I prefer to see it tomorrow.

4 – Did your cousin arrive on time?

Ø Late Did your cousin arrive late?

Ø Too late Did your cousin arrive too late?
Ø Early Did your cousin arrive too early?
Ø Before departure Did your cousin arrive before departure?

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