ABSTRACT

A comprehensive control of a wind turbine system connected to an industrial plant is

discussed in this paper where an algorithm has been developed allowing a control structure that
utilizes a four-leg inverter connected to the grid side, to inject the available energy, as well as to
work as an active power filter, mitigating load current disturbances and enhancing power quality.
A four-wire system is considered with three- phase and single-phase linear and nonlinear loads.
During the connection of the wind turbine, the utility side controller is designed to compensate
the disturbances caused in presence of reactive, non-linear and/or unbalanced single- and intra-
phase loads, in addition to providing active and reactive power as required. When there is no
wind power available, the controller is intended to improve the power quality using the DC-link
capacitor with the power converter attached to the grid.
The main difference of the proposed methodology with respect to others in the literature is
that the proposed control structure is based on the Conservative Power Theory decompositions.
This choice provides decoupled power and current references for the inverter control, offering
very flexible, selective and powerful functionalities. Real time software benchmarking has been
conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed control algorithm for full real-
time implementation. The control methodology is implemented and validated in hardware-in-
the- loop (HIL) based on Opal-RT and a TI DSP. The results corroborated our power quality
enhancement control, and allowed to exclude passive filters, contributing to a more compact,
flexible and reliable electronic implementation of a smart-grid based control.

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LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER-3

3.1 Half wave rectifier 8

3.2 Full wave rectifier without center tapped 9

3.3 Full wave rectifier with center tapped 9

3.4 Three phase bridge rectifier 9

3.5 AC input, full wave rectified DC output waveforms 10

3.6 RC filter rectifier 11

3.7 Basis inverter schematic diagram 15

3.8 Output waveform for the inverter 15

3.9 Half-bridge circuit 16

3.10 Full bridge inverter 17

3.11 Three phase inverter 18

3.12 Generation of THIPWM 18

3.13 Power inverter 19

3.14 Symbol of IGBT 21

3.15 Structure of IGBT 22

3.16 Static characteristics of IGBT 22

3.17 Transfer characteristics of IGBT 23

CHAPTER-4

4.1 Simulink library browser 27

4.2 Connecting blocks 28

4.3 Sources and sinks 29

4.4 Continous and discrete systems 30

4.5 Simulink blocks 30

4.6 Simulink math blocks 31

4.7 Signals and systems 32

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 4.8 Simulation parameters 33

4.9 powergui 34

4.10 from block 35

4.11 bus selector 37

4.12 PMSG block 38

4.13 Gain block 39

4.14 Threephase vi measurement 40

4.15 Inport 41

4.16 IGBT/Diode 42

4.17 Diode 43

4.18 current measurement 45

4.19 voltage measurement 46

4.20 threephase series RLC branch 47

4.21 Goto 49

4.22 scope and floating scope 50

CHAPTER-5
5.1. Main circuit diagram for active and reactive load 51
5.2 output waveforms for active and reactive load 52
5.3 Main circuit diagram for different wind speeds 53
5.4 wind turbine system for different wind speeds 53
5.5 at different speeds output wave forms 54

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LIST OF ABBREVATIONS

1. CM - Common mode
2. DM - Differential mode
3. EMI - Electro-Magnetic Interference
4. MPPT - Maximum Power Point Tracking
5. ESR - Equivalent Series Resistor
6. BOS - Balance Of System
7. AC - Alternating Current
8. DC - Direct Current
9. VSI - Voltage Source Inverter
10. THIPWM - Three-stage Inverter Pulse Width Modulation
11. UPS - Uninterruptable Power Supply
12. HVDC - High Voltage DC transmission
13. MOSFET - Metal Oxide Semi-conductor Field Effect Transistors
14. IGBT - Insulated Gate Bi-polar Transistor

15. BJT - Bi-polar Junction Transisto

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