1. What is the energy source assigned to you? Is it a renewable or non –renewable resource?

 The energy source that assigned to us is the coal. It is a non-renewable fossil fuel that is combusted
and used to generate electricity.
2. What is the commonly used source of energy for electricity in the world? Research on top source of
energy in the Philippines at present. What are these?
 The most commonly used source of energy for electricity in the world is the fossil fuels (oil, natural
gas, and coal).
 The Philippines is highly dependent on coal as source for electricity generation. Coal power plants
generated 46.8 million MWh in 2017, making up half of the country’s power generation mix.
Renewable energy and natural gas power plants followed with respective shares of 24.6% and 21.8%
to the country’s gross power generation. Oil-based power plants contributed the least, at 4%.
3. Production of Energy: Based on your energy source, describe how energy is generated to produce
electricity?
 Steam coal, also known as thermal coal, is used in power stations to generate electricity. Coal is first
milled to a fine powder, which increases the surface area and allows it to burn more quickly. In these
pulverized coal combustion (PCC) systems, the powdered coal is blown into the combustion chamber
of a boiler where it is burnt at high temperature. The hot gases and heat energy produced converts
water – in tubes lining the boiler – into steam. The high pressure steam is passed into a turbine
containing thousands of propeller-like blades. The steam pushes these blades causing the turbine
shaft to rotate at high speed. A generator is mounted at one end of the turbine shaft and consists of
carefully wound wire coils. Electricity is generated when these are rapidly rotated in a strong magnetic
field. After passing through the turbine, the steam is condensed and returned to the boiler to be
heated once again.
4. Deliver of Energy: How does electricity move from an energy source to your home or school? Are there
losses of energy in the transmission? If so, why? Where does the energy go if not directly to your home
or school?
 Electricity starts its life in a power station. Once the electricity is generated, it leaves the power station
through overhead lines to large substations. Substations are usually located near power stations.
Substations play an important role in the electricity transmission process: they further increase the
voltage of the current, allowing it to be sent over long distances without losing too much power.
Substations do this by using transformers, and these can be used to either increase or decrease the
voltage of electric currents. Once it passes through the first substation transformer, your electricity
makes its way to the transmission networks. The transmission networks help shift electricity from
power stations on to distribution networks to facilitate delivery to households, businesses, and other
end users. At the second substation transformer point, your electricity is reduced in voltage, again
through the use of transformers, to make it safe for use by households and end users. At this point the
electricity is considered to have reached the distribution network and left the transmission network.
Once your electricity leaves the substation transformer, it enters distribution power lines on its way to
the final destination. Once it reaches your neighborhood, the electricity passes through a small pole-
top transformer for another voltage reduction. This ensures it’s safe to use inside the home, office, or
business. Your electricity passes through the service drop and gets recorded at your metre. The metre
tracks how much electricity you use. At your switchboard, your electricity gets divided up into circuits
for each area of your house. Finally, the electricity moves through wires behind your walls to power
outlets and switches, where you operate your lights and appliances.
  Yes, there are losses of energy in the transmission. Electricity has to be transmitted from
large power plants to the consumers via extensive networks. The transmission over long distances
creates power losses. The major part of the energy losses comes from Joule effect in transformers and
power lines. The energy is lost as heat in the conductors. If the energy does not go directly to houses,
it gets transformed into other forms of energy, such as heat, light, mechanical and sound energy.
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the use of your energy source? Organize your answer
into a table.

Advantages Disadvantages

It is available in an abundant supply. It is not a renewable resource.

Industrialized countries, a large amount of coal
that is available to them. That means we have
access to this fuel in abundance, allowing
societies to focus on other infrastructure
needs.
At some point, if we are continuously
using coal for our power and energy
needs, it will eventually become depleted.

It has a high load factor.
Using coal as a fuel provides a society with the
potential for continuous power.
Coal offers a rather low capital
investment.
Many of our fuel and power generation
technologies are already designed to use coal.
Carbon capture and storage technologies
can reduce potential emissions.
Safe capture and storage of carbon dioxide,
referred to as CCS, is a technology that would
capture and store the carbon dioxide that is
produced by combusting this fossil fuel.
Coal can be used with renewables to
reduce emissions.
Biomass technologies can be incorporated into
existing coal facilities, allowing for a dual fuel
source in the same power plant.
Coal power can create high levels of
radiation.
A byproduct of burning coal for power,
called “coal ash,” produces radiation.
Coal mines cause relocation and
destruction.
Many coal mines use an open-cast
method, which causes local animal
habitats to be destroyed.
Even clean coal still has high levels of
methane.
Even with the best CCS technologies in
place, clean coal still produces carbon
dioxide and other environmental
contaminants.
Coal emissions are linked to health
concerns.
People who are exposed to coal and its
emissions have an increased risk of
experiencing asthma and other air
passageway inflammation conditions.

6. Where in the Philippines is your energy source used?

 Main energy sources (by region) Coal accounted for half of electricity generated in the Philippines last
year. It is the main source of energy in Luzon and Mindanao. On the other hand, more than half of
Visayas' power requirements are supplied via renewable energy.

7. How much of the energy source is likely to be available in the near future (the next 25 years) and the
long term (the next 50 years)?
 Coal is the world’s slowest-growing energy source, rising by an average 0.6% per year, from 153
quadrillion Btu in 2012 to 180 quadrillion Btu in 2040. Throughout the projection, the top three
coal-consuming countries are China, the United States, and India, which together account for
more than 70% of world coal use. Coal use will continue to increase in developing countries, but in
developed or industrialized countries, it will not increase but may slightly decrease.
 
8. How vulnerable is the resource to terrorism?


Source:
Brown, W. (2017). Energy Sources in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://classroom.synonym.com
How is coal converted to electricity? Retrieved from https://guides.libraries.psu.edu
(2017) How Does Electricity Get to Your House? Retrieved from https://www.clickenergy.com.au
Sarma, P. Current and Future Energy Sources of the World. Retrieved from https://www.e-
education.psu.edu
Hannah, R. (2017). How long before we run out of fossil fuels? Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org
National Geographic Coal. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.org