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Nutritional Profiling of a Folk Medicinal Rice Landrace: Garib-sal from

West Bengal

Presentation · December 2018

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.17207.78248

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Priyabrata Roy Debal Deb

University of Kalyani Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies
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 Presenting author:
Priyabrata Roy
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
University of Kalyani &

Email: prmbbtku@klyuniv.ac.in
Website: http://cintdis.org/basudha/
 Introduction
• Garib-sal was cultivated in the western part of Bengal. Presently, it is no longer in
cultivation in West Bengal.
• This landrace from West Bengal was traditionally used by indigenous people for
medicinal purpose, to cure gastro-intestinal (GI) infection (Deb 2015).
• Presently, it is cultivated in Basudha Farm (http://cintdis.org/vrihi/) at Rayagada
district of Odisha as a part of in-situ conservation.

We have assessed the nutritional compositions of Garib-Sal (G02)

1. Total Soluble Sugar 5. Heavy metal micronutrients

2. Total Soluble Starch 6. Total Antioxidant activity
3. Total Soluble Protein 7. Total Phenolics
4. Vitamin B Complex 8. Total Flavonoids
 Materials and methods
G02 rice flour G02 rice flour

Acid hydrolysis
Hot 80% EtOH
G02

Total sugar estimation Total soluble starch

by anthrone method estimation by anthrone
method

G02 rice flour

G02 rice flour G02 rice flour G02 rice flour G02 rice flour

7:3 methanoic
Acid hydrolysis
PBS at pH 8.0

water extract

separation
assisted acid
Microwave
followed by

digestion
enzymatic

Phase
reaction

Total soluble protein Vitamin B complex estimation Metal profiling by ICP-MS Antioxidant, Phenolics &
estimation by Bradford Flavonoid content estimation
by HPLC using poplar solvent Total lipid estimation
method system by Spectrophotometer
by gravimetric way
 Results
100-Grain Grain Length Grain
CODE Origin Shape Grain color
Weight (g) (mm) Width (mm)

G02 West Bengal 2.56 8.50 2.90 Medium Bold White

Table1: Some morphological features of Garib-sal grain

Total Total Soluble Vitamin Vitamin Vitamin

Variety Total lipid Vitamin
Starch (g Soluble Protein (g B2 B3 B7
code (mg/gm) B1 (mg/g)
%) Sugar (g %) %) (mg/g) (mg/g) (mg/g)

G02 21.55 10.58 7.47 34.00 0.41 0.02 0.10 0.14

Table2: Concentration of macro-nutrients in Garib-sal grain

DPPH
TPC (mg TFC (mg Antioxida
Variety Mn Cu Zn Ag
Cr (PPM) Fe (PPM) gae/100 qe/100 nt
code (PPM) (PPM) (PPM) (PPM)
gm dw) gm dw) Activity
(mg/ml)

G02 1.51 35.02 11.99 19.28 155.31 15.61 37.56 18.39 67.88

Table3: Concentration of micro-nutrients and bioactive phytochemicals in Garib-sal grain

Table:4 Comparison of nutritional values of G02 with two modern rice varieties

Components Garib-sal Jyothi* IR64*

Protein (g%) 7.47 7.97 7.95

Total Lipid (g%) 3.4 2.60 2.06

Thiamin (B1) (mg/100g) 4.1 0.35 0.40

Riboflavin (B2)
0.20 0.053 0.068
(mg/100g)
Niacin (B3)
10.0 7.15 4.68
(mg/100g)
Biotin (B7)
1.4 0 0
(ug/100g)

Fe (mg/kg) 11.99 39.5 27.3

Ag (mg/kg) 15.61 --- ---

* G. Deepa et al. / Food Chemistry 106 (2008) 165–171

Fig:1 Schematic of rice grain. A photograph of G02 rice grain with husk (left) and a
schematic diagram of its longitudinal section (right)

Table:5 Silver concentration in various parts of the Garib-sal grain

Part of the grain Silver concentration in (mg/kg)
Raw rice (grain+husk) 8.45
Husk 3.70
Fig; 2 Schematic representation
Unpolished grain 11.60 of a rice plant showing the
concentration of Ag
Polished grain 4.90 accumulation at different parts.
 nanoSIMS imaging of G02 rice grain

Fig:3 NanoSIMS imaging at different positions of the Garib-sal rice grain. A) NanoSIMS imaging of the
rice grain at the peripheral region (bran), showing the distribution of 12C, 12C14N, 32S, 107Ag. High
concentration of 107Ag at the aleurone layer is marked with an ellipse (a high resolution image of
position 1 in Figure 3A). B) An inner part of the rice grain consisting subaleurone layer (marked as
position 4 in Figure 3A).
 Summary
The nutritional properties of the Garib-sal rice landrace revealed that…

• It contains a significantly lower level of sugars, high levels of dietary

proteins and B vitamins than the popularly consumed modern rice
varieties.

• The presence of nano-quantities of silver in the bran of this rice

seems to explain the therapeutic value of this rice in folk medicine
for curing microbial infections of the GI tract.

• Furthermore, the nutritional profile also suggests that a high level

of heavy metal micronutrients can prevent various
immunodeficiencies.
 Societal Output and Benefit
 Critical supplements to the communities in terms of their nutritional compositions &
generation of a scientifically proven database for nutritional aspects of TRVs of West Bengal
and its future application in pharmaceutical and medicinal fields.
 Food safety is a major concern in this study. As all the rice varieties are being cultivated
in ZERO chemical fertilizer environment & ZERO external input, the varieties must have
a greater impact on the people having malnutrition problem.
 Maintaining the folk rice varieties with their agronomic, social and cultural
attributes as a valuable biodiversity resources.
 Promote sustainable agriculture with “ZERO” input of pesticide and fertilizer and
encourage farmers to grow this variety in their farms.
 It would also help to the in-depth documentation of ecological knowledge and
biodiversity of Indian traditional rice landraces. Our Traditional Agricultural Knowledge
(TAK) should be preserved.
 Last but not the list, restrict the traditional rice varieties from being patented by the
foreign companies through a series of international peer-reviewed publications and
general awareness programs.
 Acknowledgements

• Dr. Debal Deb, Chair & Research Director of Basudha,

Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, Kolkata.
• Prof. Thalappil Pradeep, Institute Professor and
Professor of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience, Indian
Institute of Technology, Madras
• Dr. Tanima Saha, Assistant Professor, Department of
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of
Kalyani.
• Respected peers for selecting my abstract for presenting
at Regional Science Congress.
 Thank you!

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