1

A PROJECT REPORT
ON:

"STUDY ON EXPIRY BY USING VARIOUS TOOLS"

In partial fulfilment of the

Requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

SESSION
(2013-2016)

Project Guide: Submitted By:

Mr. Sameer Verma Ashish Singh
Roll No: 1332094

2
 STUDENT DECLARATION

I Ashish Singh the undersigned, a student of Bachelor of Business

Administration in GNA Institute of Management & Technology under
Punjab Technical University, declare that the project entitled “STUDY
ON EXPIRY BY USING VARIOUS TOOLS” of METRO cash &
carry is written and submitted by me to METRO cash & carry India in
fulfilment of summer internship project.

This is my original work and has not been previously submitted as a part
of another degree or diploma of another business school or university.

The findings and conclusion of this project are based on my personal

study and experience, during the tenure of my summer internship at
METRO Cash & Carry, Ludhiana (Dc-42).

Ashish Singh

Roll No.1332094

GNA-IMT

3
 CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE

This is to declare that research project titled “STUDY ON EXPIRY BY

USING VARIOUS TOOLS” Submitted for the Degree of “BACHLEOR
OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION”. This work is originally done by
Mr. “ASHISH SINGH” under the guidance of Sameer Verma.

Mr. Sameer Verma

(HOD)
GNA IMT

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have put in my best sincere efforts to complete this project. During this
study and preparation of this project, I spent all my time working on
data-collection, interaction, observation, reference-reading use to gain
maximum knowledge and information related to this project.
We would like to place on record my deep sense of gratitude to Mr.
Sameer Verma for his generous guidance, help and useful suggestions.
I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to Mr. Deepak
Bhonsale, HR in Metro Cash and Carry (Ludhiana), who guided me
about the project.
Last but not the least, I would also like to thank to my friends who
helped me in the completion of this project.

Ashish Singh

5
 TABLE CONTENTS

SERIAL DESCRIPTION PAGE

NUMBER NUMBER

1. STUDENT DECLARATION 3
2. CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE 4
3. ACKNOWLEGEMENT 5
4. CHAPTER-1
 INTRODUCTION TO
METRO CASH & CARRY

1.1 Metro cash and Carry in

10-16
world and India

1.2 Vision of metro group 17-18

1.3 Business model 19-22

1.4 How to become metro

23
customer.

6
 CHAPTER 2.

 METRO STRUCTURE
5. 24-27
2.1 Organizational hierarchy

2.2 Functional areas of metro 28

29

CHAPTER 3 30

 EXPIRY
31
3.1 Concept 32

3.2 About Expiry

33
3.3 Objective

3.4 The opportunity 34-35

3.5 Primary Factor

3.6 Days of life

6.
3.7 Expiry Check

36

7
 7. CHAPTER 4

 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY 45

4.1 Initially Data Was Collected

From Primary Source.
46
4.2 Method Of Study

47
CHAPTER 5
8.
 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
5.1 Findings
48

9. CHAPTER 6
6.1 Conclusion
49
6.2 Questionnaire
50-55
6.3 Analysis
6.4 Bibliography

8
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO METRO CASH AND CARRY

1.1 METRO CASH AND CARRY IN WORLD AND INDIA..

METRO Cash & Carry is an international self-service wholesale service
provider. It operates across Europe and in some countries of Asia and
Northern Africa. It is the largest sales division of the German trade and
retail giant METRO AG METRO Cash & Carry is different from
B2C retail chains; its business concept is targeted towards professional
customers rather than end consumers. The cash & carry concept is based
around self-service and bulk buying. METRO Cash & Carry serves to
registered customers only.

Today the company is represented in 30 countries with METRO and

MAKRO Cash & Carry stores at 544 locations - and offers its
commercial customers up to 50,000 different products from a single
source.

METRO Cash & Carry started operations in India in 2003 with two
Distribution Centres in Bangalore. With this METRO introduced the
concept of Cash & Carry to India. These Centres offer the benefit of
quality products at the best wholesale price to over 150,000 businesses
in Bangalore.

9
METRO offers assortment of over 18000 articles across food and non
food at the best wholesale prices to business customers such as Hotels,
Restaurants, Caterers, Food and Non-food Traders, Institutional buyers
and professionals.

METRO India today is poised to extend its concept of Business to

Business (B2B) Wholesale to other cities in the country.

 1964:- First METRO Cash & Carry store opened in Mulheim,

Germany, by Otto Beisheim
 1968:- First MAKRO store opened in the Netherlands.
Enhancement & internationalization of the concept. Since then the
Headquarters have been situated in Düsseldorf, Germany. Within a
period of only ten months, METRO AG was formed through a
merger of the retail companies Asko Deutsche Kaufhaus AG,
Kaufhof Holding AG and Deutsche SB-Kauf AG. The group went
on the stock market in the same year. On July 25, 1996, METRO
AG shares were listed for the first time on the DAX German Stock
Index. With a market capitalization of 12.07 billion German marks,
METRO AG ended the year 1996 as one of the 20 largest publicly
listed companies in Germany. It also advanced its
internationalization process: the company expanded into Romania
and China.

10
 1997:- METRO AG further advances its expansion outside of
Germany: international moves include the opening of the first
Makro Cash & Carry wholesale outlet in the Czech Republic and
the entry of Real into the Polish market.
 1998:- In the most successful year in company history, earnings
before interest and taxes (EBIT) grow 63.5 percent to 1.6 billion
German marks. Metro shares outstrip all other DAX 30 stocks. The
group streamlines its portfolio further: At year end, METRO AG
has become a clearly structured corporation, with four business
areas and several cross-divisional service companies.
 1999:- METRO AG liquidates its retail properties. This gives the
company leeway for key investments, which accelerate its growth
in wholesale and retail. Following the reorientation of the group in
1998, its focus is now on optimizing its sales concepts. Real and
Kaufhof join PAYBACK - the largest and most important
customer loyalty program in Germany. In addition, METRO AG
continues to consistently expand its international presence: 16
Metro Cash & Carry wholesale outlets, ten Real hypermarkets and
47 nonfood specialty centers open abroad. The share of turnover
generated outside of Germany grows to 39.2 percent.
 2000:- METRO AG has developed into an internationally oriented
company with decentralized management teams. The share of its
turnover generated outside of Germany grows to 42.2 percent. The

11
 group employs approximately 220,000 people in 22 countries. In
order to support career development throughout its workforce,
METRO AG expands its staff development programs and
introduces new qualification, assessment and remuneration
systems.
 2001:- 2001 is a year of daunting entrepreneurial challenges. The
reasons include continuing stagnation in German retail, as well as a
generally unfavorable economic situation. The terrorist attacks on
the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon in
Washington have an unsettling effect on consumers. Despite this
market trend, METRO AG finishes the year with positive business
results. The company makes further progress in its international
expansion course: 80 new locations are added in 2001, including
the first Metro Cash & Carry wholesale outlets in Russia.
 2002:- In November 2002, Metro AG takes a further step in
consolidating its position as a modern, international wholesale and
retail company. From this point on, the company presents itself on
a worldwide scale as the METRO GROUP. The move underscores
the sense of belonging to a single, powerful alliance, shared by all
of the retail brands and group companies.
 2003:- The METRO GROUP operates in 28 countries. Business in
Eastern Europe and Asia makes an especially strong contribution
to the positive development of its sales. Metro Cash & Carry opens

12
 its first stores in Ukraine and India. As one of the leading
companies in its sector, the METRO GROUP launches the most
far-reaching innovation initiative commerce has ever seen. In the
context of the METRO GROUP Future Store Initiative, the
company tests forward-looking technologies like Radio Frequency
Identification - RFID for short. The innovative technology
facilitates more efficient warehouse management, while rendering
shopping faster, more individual and convenient.
 2004:- By the end of the year, the METRO GROUP is active in 30
countries worldwide. It possesses a clear profile as a modern, high-
performance retail and wholesale company. Three sales divisions
celebrate jubilees in 2004: Media Market and Saturn mark their
25th year in business
 2005:- As one of the world’s most internationally oriented
wholesale and retail companies, the METRO GROUP continues its
expansion course: the first Metro Cash & Carry wholesale outlet in
Serbia and Montenegro opens its doors
 2006:- The Third METRO cash & carry Distribution Centre,
Hyderabad – Kukatpalli
 2007:- The METRO GROUP is continuing its international
expansion. Metro Cash & Carry opened the first wholesale store in
Pakistan and Media Market entered the market in Turkey. The

13
 METRO GROUP is expanding its sales network in other countries
as well.
 2008:- The 4th METRO cash & carry Distribution Centre, Mumbai
– Bhandup the Fifth METRO cash & carry Distribution Centre,
Kolkata
 2009:- METRO GROUP kicks off 2009 with an efficiency and
value enhancement programme. The aim of "Shape 2012" is to
achieve maximum possible growth and customer orientation. The
brand message that the company presents in May hits the nail on
the head: METRO GROUP is "Made to Trade."
 2010:- In March, the administrative functions of METRO
AG and Metro Cash & Carry are pooled. The newly formed unit
assumes key responsibilities for the whole Group. The Company's
remodelled public image and new logo underline the high
importance of the cash & carry business. From May to October,
the retail and wholesale group presents itself at the EXPO World's
Fair in Shanghai, which features the motto 'Better City, Better
Life’. Metro Cash & Carry and Media Market form the centre
piece of the appearance. METRO GROUP meets its customers'
expectations by introducing new sales formats and concepts. The
sixth METRO cash & carry distribution centre, Hyderabad- Uppal

14
 2011:- The seventh metro Cash & Carry store was opened at
Ludhiana city in Punjab on Jalandhar bye pass road.The eighth
METRO cash and carry distribution centre at Jalandhar
 2012:- Ninth Metro Cash & Carry store was opened in Delhi in
February and Tenth Metro Cash & Carry store was opened in
Jaipur.

15
 1.2 VISION OF METRO GROUP

Sustainability is an integral part of METRO GROUP's business. Their

goal is to identify answers to global social challenges and to actively
contribute to the development of sustainable solutions. In this way, they
create added value for their customers and other stakeholder groups and
make an important contribution to risk management and ensure its bright
future as a company.

To provide an understanding of sustainability with a sound basis,

representatives from the sales lines, the service companies and METRO
AG have jointly developed a Group-wide sustainability vision. It offers
answers to the question as to what they, as a company, hope to achieve
in terms of sustainability. At the same time, the vision provides their
employees with a framework and starting point for their own efforts and
thoughts regarding the subject. In their communications with the Group's
various stakeholders and in its public relations work, the vision helps to
define our sustainability profile and clarify the METRO GROUP stance.

Vision statement of metro is: METRO GROUP. ..........We offer

quality of life.

For our customers

By providing them with safe quality products and services where they
live, around the world, constantly improving our processes. And with
16
products that are made, processed and recycled in a socially responsible,
environmentally sound, resource-conserving manner. This lets us secure
our future.

For our employees

By at all times respecting, protecting and helping them grow

professionally, and by building trusted relationships with them. This lets
us create an attractive working environment.

For all who work for us

By doing business fairly and responsibly and providing good living and
working conditions. This lets us demonstrate responsibility in the supply
chain.

For society

By protecting the environment, conserving natural resources and

minimising our effect on the climate. This lets us help ensure a sound
footing for the retailing of tomorrow.

17
1.3 BUSINESS MODEL

Metro Sales Line and Their Contribution

The METRO Group is one of the Top 5 retailing groups worldwide with
sales of € 67.3 billion in 2010. It is ranked among world’s third largest
retailer. However METRO cash & carry, a core division of METRO
Group is worldwide market leader in self-service wholesaling. METRO
group has its presence worldwide with different sales line. The various
sales lines of the group are in the format of:

 Cash & carry

 Food retailing
 Non food specialty
 Departmental stores

The cash and carry format of METRO group contributes maximum to

the sales of the company with the name of metro cash & carry and
makro and this format also includes Schaper stores.

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 METRO CUSTOMERS

METRO cash & carry is an international self-service wholesale

provider, to the retailer; a person, shop or business that sells goods to the
public. METRO cash and carry is different from the B2C retail chains
(such as Wal-Mart, Carrefour or Tesco) in that its business concept is
targeted towards professional customers rather than end consumers. It’s
a B2B service provider; it only serves to registered business customers.
The customers are divided in three

 HoReCa ( Hotels, restaurants, caterers)

 Traders
 SCO (Services Companies & offices)

Horeca (Hotels, Restaurants & Caterers) : A BUSINESS which

transforms food ingredients in order to sell complete meals
(exception: the accommodation service of a hotel. e.g. Hotels,
Restaurants, Caterer, Café / bars, Pubs.

Traders: A BUSINESS which resells the product. Eg. Generalist,

Kiosks, Specialist F, Petrol station, NF trader.

SCO (services, companies & offices). A BUSINESS which buys

inputs of secondary importance for its business at METRO. Can run
its business without the products purchased at METRO. Eg. Health

19
 Care, Wellness, Physical services, Craftsmen, Institutions, Industries,
Office based, services, Metro internal.

HoReCa & food traders are the CDC (core demand customers)
which is the Food Professional. A business which buys food products
as core input. Could not run its business without shopping for food.

•A BUSINESS which •A BUSINESS which •A BUSINESS which buys

transforms food resells the product. inputs of secondary
ingredients in order to sell importance for its
complete meals business at METRO. Can
(exception: the run its business without
accommodation service the products purchased at
of a hotel). METRO.

HoReCa SCO – Services,

Hotels, Restaurants, Food Traders Companies &
Caterers Offices

•Food Professional
•A BUSINESS which buys food products as core input.
Could not run its business without shopping for food.

CDC
Core Demand Customer

International customer classification

The customers of METRO are basically classified into three i.e.

HoReCa,

Traders & SCO. The classification of customer is done so that

20
  marketing becomes effective
 Promotion efforts can be need based
 Customers would feel special when marketing is personalised
 Customer types helps us to have useful database

Therefore METRO busineses becomes cost effective and the savings get
passed on to the customers as lower prices.

1.4 HOW TO BECOME METRO CUSTOMER

21
Metro customers are registered only if they have the valid licences for
their business. Only a professional buyer or trader can make a purchase
from the distribution centre. The customer has to get himself registered
with the METRO for the issue of Metro card.

1) State Sales Tax and Central Sales Tax

2) Excise license
3) Service / Professional tax
4) Food license (PFA)
5) Licenses issued by Reserve Bank Of India

There are about 126 licences that are valid in order to get a metro card.

CONDITION FOR BEING A METRO CUSTOMER

Being a B2B (business to business) service provider there are some
specific conditions for being a customer with METRO. Not everyone
can be a METRO customer, only those who buy goods for resale
purpose or those who won’t use such goods for personal use can be a
customer with metro. We can say ‘Everyone who has a registered
business’ can be metro customer.

22
 CHAPTER 2
Metro structure

2.1 Organizational Hierarchy

Metro floor Departments

Metro has classified their product range according to the utility. Each
group has similar attributes and utility. The various departments are as
following, and they have their art groups and Sub art groups. This
classification helps the customer to find out products of similar utility.

23
And It also helps to manage store as well because Visual Merchandiser
get an idea to display product all together that belong to same art group.

Metro
Departments

Food Non Food Non Food

Departmen In Food
t
Fruit And Media And
Vegetable Appliances

Fish Luggage &

Footwear
Dairy,
Frozen & Household
Bakery
Office &
Meat Stationery

Grocery
Apparel
Sweets &
Confectionery Home Textile

Beverages Home
Improvement

Food Department: - it covers all the products human being consumes in

daily routine. The various sub departments that comes under food
department are as following.

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 1.) Fruits and Vegetable: - A complete range of fruits and vegetables
Is available in this section and main consumer of this department is
HORECA customer.
2.) Fish and Meat: - Metro is well known for its fresh items and also
for the meat and fish. Here we can get fresh packed meat, frozen
meat etc.
3.) Grocery: - It covers all the daily kitchen use products like oil,
flour, pulses, spices, spreads, instant meal etc. And a very good
margin is given in this category to retailer.
4.) Sweets & Confectionery: - All the Sweets, Chocolate, Chips,
Biscuits are available here. In this section FIFO is maintained so as
to control expiry.
5.) Beverages: - All the drinking products are available here for e.g.
aerated drinks, Energy Drinks, Juices, Sodas, Mineral water etc.

Non Food in Food: - This department covers the product that come
under FMCG category but is not consumable. All the Baby Care, Bath
cosmetics/Soaps, Cream & Lotion, Hair Care, Detergents, Deodorant,
Dishwasher Agents, Floor Cleaner etc. In short the complete product
range of home and personal care. The Major contributor of product
assortment in this department is HUL.

Non Food: - A wide department that covers a large range of products,

the sub departments that comes under this section are as following.

25
 1.) Media and Appliances: - All the media products like Laptops,
Speakers, TV, Pen drives etc. And Appliances like Air
Conditioners, Refrigerators, Microwaves, Coolers, Irons, etc that
have utility at home falls under this category.
2.) Luggage & Footwear: - A complete range of footwear slippers,
sportswear, formalwear, etc is available. Branded Luggage for
travelling is also available.
3.) Office & Stationary: - For offices a customer can get Pens, Pencil,
Paper, Notebooks, Files, etc.
4.) Apparel: - All branded and own Brands apparel are available here
that covers Shirts, T-Shits, Trousers, Jeans, Sportswear, etc.
5.) Household: - This Department covers the complete range of
households like crockery of all types it may be of stainless Steel,
Plastic or Clay.
6.) Home Textile: - This Department includes the textiles like Bed
sheets, Pillows, Carpets, Curtains etc. That helps to make home
beautiful.

All these three departments contribute towards the sales of the Store.
And approximately 8k live articles are available on floor that brings a
good business. Less than one roof a customer can get all the products
with good margins that are hard to find in market.

26
2.2 FUNCTIONAL AREAS AT METRO

Main Functional Areas

1. Customer Entrance & After Sales Service (F.O.H)

2. Customer Managers

3. Human Resources

4. Decoration & Maintenance

5. Administration & Logistics Center (ALC)

6. Goods Receiving

7. Main Cashier & Checkout

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 CHAPTER 3

EXPIRY

3.1 Concept

In early 2003, a group of consumer packaged goods manufacturers and

retailers launched a project aimed at improving product inventory
practices. The focus of their attention was inventory with expiration
dates printed on it. Recognizing that many benefits exist for posting this
information about the Useful life of consumables, the joint industry
work group wanted to publish Information that other companies could
use to improve product freshness and reduce the occurrence of code life
expiration in the supply chain.

3.2 About Expiry

For purposes of this report, expired products are defined as consumer

packaged A goods on which a date code exists which has passed in time
and which is meant to be the end of the distribution life of those
products.
Across the vast array of products, many variations exist for language
and Graphics used to display expiration date codes. Alternately, some
products contain a date that relates to when they were manufactured,
such as the “born on” language used in the beverage category.

28
Due to the complexity and reach of the supply chain, it is often
impossible to pinpoint exactly where and why these products expire.
Instead, the Joint Industry Expired Product Working Group focused on
methods that have proven successful in minimizing this expense.

3.3 Objective
The objective of this report is to communicate practices that
manufacturers,
Retailers, wholesalers and sales agencies can use to reduce the amount
of date
-Expired and unsalable products. This is expected to result in increased
Consumer satisfaction with the total Supply chain.

3.4 The Opportunity

It is important to note that, across the broad spectrum of consumer
packaged
Goods categories, date coding practices are intended to ensure that
products are
Safe to consume and meet quality control specifications of the
Manufacturer for
Some time beyond the actual expiration date. Clearly, this is very
different from

29
Category to category. For example, refrigerated orange juice will
deteriorate
Much faster after date of expiration than will shelf-stable dry dog food.
However, manufactures, retailers, wholesalers and sales agents are quick
to point
Out that expiration dates are uniformly meant to indicate when products
should be
Removed from the supply chain. They also agree that “days of life
remaining”
Data can fuel several valuable tools for those responsible for inventory
control
And that opportunity exists to apply those tools more often.

3.5 Primary Factors

Five primary factors are generally believed to reoccur throughout the
supply
Chain that drive product expiration.
 Inventory rotation does not occur 100% of the time.
Whether it is at the warehouse storage slot or the store shelf, newer
product may
Not be inserted behind older product every time. Several reasons exist
for this
Condition and no one segment in the supply chain is more to blame than

30
Another. Each segment, however, has a “span of control” that could be
Reviewed for improvement opportunities.
 Product date-coding practices are not standardized.

Some products are “open-coded” i.e., the date is shown in a way that
consumers can understand it, such as 03/05/15. Some products are
“closed-coded.” i.e., the date can only be understood by some One who
understands the coding System, such as 3064 which is the Julian date
for 03/05/15. Finally, some products are not date-Coded at all.

 Case date-coding practices are also not standardized.

However, voluntary Guidelines for other case markings have been
in place in the grocery industry since 1996 when a consortium of
industry associations first published them.
 Warehouse inventory management systems do not easily and
accurately capture date-code data.
While advances in the control applications for WMS programs have
been significant, the ways in which expiration dates are used are not
consistent from facility to facility.
 New product development practices may shorten available life
remaining.
In some cases, production capacity limitations mean that inventory must
be stockpiled prior to a national rollout. In other cases, quality control
may require an abbreviated shelf life for initial production runs. In either

31
case, a paradoxical condition exists when a recently launched product
reaches expiration before sell-
Through.
3.6 Days of Life
Sometimes referred to as “remaining life” or “remaining shelf-life,”
this value is

Simply a product’s expiration date minus today’s date. For example,

on March 5,

2003 a product date-coded March 5, 2004 would have 364 days of

life remaining before it expires and is removed from distribution.

The Joint Industry Unsalable Steering Committee recommends that

individual

Companies –manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers and sales agencies

–increase their knowledgebase of this data and increase their use of
inventory management applications using Days of Life data.

Some products will experience fewer steps in distribution; others will

experience more. The example data shown are aggregated from a
confidential survey in which five manufacturers provided average
days of life remaining for nine categories (shelf stable, dry grocery).

Although the sample size for the above days of supply is small,
relative to the Total number of categories in the grocery supply chain,
it provides the Opportunity for the following observations:

•Normal store inventory turns should be adequate to pull through

product before expiration.
32
•In-store inventory rotation practices are critical in the prevention of
product expiration. Additional inventory holding locations (e.g.
alternative sources) can be expected to diminish the number of days
of life remaining for the retailer D.C. and the store.

•Inventory purchased on promotion may also diminish the number of

days Of life remaining in the retailer D.C. and store, depending on
factors such As when it was purchased (e.g. at the end of the
promotion).

3.7 Expiry Check

Expiry check has to be a highly scheduled activity to be followed by
store operations. Expiry schedule matrix should be followed religiously
& actions need to be taken respectively.
Expiry check schedule matrix:
Frequency Department Check schedule
Daily Ultra fresh Daily
Monthly Snacks & biscuits 02 week & 04 week
Monday
Monthly Soft drinks, juices 02 week & 04 week
Monday
Monthly Water 02 week & 04 week
Monday
Monthly Frozen 03 week Monday
Monthly Grocery 03 week Monday
Monthly Confectionary 03 week Monday
Monthly Otc 03 week Monday
Monthly Batteries & cartridges' 03 week Monday
2 Monthly Diet &toiletries 01 week Monday

33
Pre- Expiry Action:

 Articles close to expiry date, needs to be removed from the shelf

by also considering the consumption period of professional
customer's.

 Buyer needs to be informed for support of price reduction or

returns.

 Non returnable near expiring articles can be sold in a designated

corner in the same department only if does articles are in a saleable
condition & without quality problems.

34
  Articles to be removed from the shelf.
a. 1 day before expiry - Offal's & bread
b. 2days before expiry - Ultra fresh
c. 7 days before expiry - Local & imported cheese, butter, margarine
d. 2weeks before expiry - Dry foods, Frozen, Beverage, NFIF &
Imported products.

 Post- Expiry Action:

a) Store operations needs to execute steps in order to destroy the expired

goods depending on the legal rules applicable for metro for the
respective distribution canter.

b) Stock correction code to be passed for the mentioned article after

necessary approvals.

Tax & Legal Implications: A list to be prepared for expiry stock & the
same needs to be informed to respective state VAT authorities with the
following details.

Article no.
Article description
Name of the supplier
Address
Value of goods (write off value)

If articles cannot be returned to the supplier due to agreement or any

other conditions, then the below steps need to be followed to ensure that
the articles are indentified as un-saleable items.

35
Remove the primary label of the articles
Segregate between wet/dry garbage
Please remember these (food articles) are not for human
consumption
Stock correction code to be passed

 Stock correction codes to be used for expiry, damage, breakage &

rotten has been reduced from 3 separate stock correction codes to
1.

 Stock correction code for damage/breakage (code2), rotten (code3)

& expired (code4) will not be used & all stock correction code now
is to be treated under one stock correction code
2DAMAGE/Expired. The form should contain an option which
will be ticked by the department whether it is an
expiry/damaged/rotten.

 When the stock correction for expiry is submitted a reference to

the expiry check documents must be done.

 A damaged register must be maintained by every department to

record details of damages as & they happen with happen with
details via. Date, article no, qty damaged, by whom, FM's approval
etc.

36
 CHAPTER - 4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is an arrangement of connotations for collections
of and analysis in a manner that aims to combine relevance to research
purpose with economy of procedure. It is the process of finding a
solution through the use of scientific tools and techniques. Research is a
systematic attempt to obtain answers to meaningful questions about
phenomena or event through the application of scientific procedure in
other words. It constitutes blue print of collection and analysis of data.

Research has special significance in identifying and solving various

business problems. Research is directed towards the solution of problem.
The Research plays an important role for providing the right information
about Employees, which helps the management in making better
decisions.

When you say that you are undertaking a research study to find answers
to a question, you are implying that the process;

1. Is being undertaken within a framework of a set of philosophies

(approaches);

2. uses procedures, methods and techniques that have been tested for
their validity and reliability;

3. Is designed to be unbiased and objective.

37
The different methodologies that I used to collect data from different
places are given under:

 I have done market survey for collection of primary data.

 I use internet to collect information regarding expiry.
 I also got secondary data from metro cash & carry.
 I also got to learn various things while doing studying.

4.1 Initially Data was collected from primary source.

Initially I collected data from the questionnaire which was a set of

questions , directed to study the reasons that why customers want to buy
goods from metro and this analysis would help me to know that whether
the sales enhancement tools at metro are efficient or not.

4.2 METHOD OF STUDY

I have divided my study into phases which are:

1. outlet survey
2. Product survey
3. Stock keeping survey

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 CHAPTER -5

5.1OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
A wholesale retail store is different from a normal retail store and it aims
at increasing its sale through various sales tools like

 Competitive prices

 Lucrative offers

 Visual merchandising

 Wide assortment

 Loyalty programs

 Availability of stock

 Better customer service

 Fruitful employee – customer interaction

The objective behind doing (SIP) is to get first corporate exposure where
we can apply our theoretical, knowledge, learned in our courseware till
now , & get a closer look to the work culture & learn corporate ethics .
This is supposed to be beneficial for us in future when we will start
working with an organisation, after completion of our course.

As an intern we can develop knowledge, competences & real time

corporate experience, with directly make an impact on setting our career
goal.

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  To know the consumer preferences.
 To the percentage share of beverages section.
 To know the market share of soft drinks.
 To know the distribution method of organisation.

5.2 FINDINGS

During summer internship programme in metro cash & carry (DC-42),

there was various things to know about & learn which not less than any
achievement is. Apart from market survey I learned to keep patience &
to communicate effectively with others.

 Satisfaction level is also good.

 The customer wants more promotion scheme gift & quality
service.
 As per I have visited metro cash & carry, I found that most of the
dealer are selling only coke products.
 Some customers are happy with coke products due to good
distribution channel.

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 CHAPTER - 6
6.1 CONCLUSION
In review this internship has been an excellent and rewarding
experience. I have been able to meet and network with so many people
that I am sure will be able to help me with opportunities in the future.

One main thing that I have learned through this internship is time
management skills as well as self-motivation. When I first started I did
not think that I was going to be able to make myself sit in an office for
eight hours a day, six days a week. Once I realized what I had to do I
organized my day and work so that I was not overlapping or wasting my
hours. I learned that I needed to b organized and have questions ready
for when it was the correct time to get feedback. From this internship
and time management I had to learn how to motivate myself through
being in the store for so many hours. I came up with various proposals
and ideas that the company is still looking into using.

I am going to continue to work for metro cash & carry although I

am still keeping my options open for new opportunities. I enjoy this line
of work. I will continue to work hard in my position and hope to
continue to learn about the industry and meet new people. This was an
excellent experience and I hope that other interns got as much out of it
as I did!

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6.2QUESTIONNARE
1.How frequently would you visit the supermarkets?

• Daily

• At least once a week

• More than once a week (______times per week)

• At least once in fifteen days

•At least once a month

2. Where do you usually do your food shopping? (Tick more than one if
applicable)

• Hyper star

• Imtiaz

• Metro

• Makro

• Naheed

• Other specify______________

3. Which type of product do you mostly purchase?(Tick All which

applicable)

• Household

• Dairy product

• Grocery

• Food item
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• Others (please specify__________________________________)

4. Do you check the expiry date before buying any product available at
the store?

• Always

• Sometimes

• Rarely

• Never

5. Have you ever experienced buying expired product from that store?

• Yes

• No

6. Will you visit to that store again?

• Yes

• No

7. If the product is available to sell at discounted rate but near to expire,

will you buy?

Please indicate anyone reason

•I will definitely buy because discount is very high.

• I will buy because expiry does not matter to me.

• I will buy because it is not available anywhere else. • I will buy if it is

urgent to me. I will NEVER BUY because I am very conscious toward
product expiry.

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 6.4 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 www.metro.com
 www.google.com
 www.metroindia.com
 www.expiry.com

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