EECB353 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS | SEM 2 1718

ASSIGNMENT 1
SUBMISSION DATELINE: 14th DECEMBER 2017 (5pm)

QUESTION 1 (20 MARKS)

An FM transmitter modulate a message signal of 10 cos 2𝜋400𝑡 with carrier signal of

𝑉𝑐 cos 2𝜋5000𝑡, to put out modulated carrier power of 26 W and Bessel’s bandwidth of 1600 Hz.
Assume the resistance is 10Ω.
(i) Determine the modulation index and total transmit power. [8 marks]
(ii) Draw power spectrum of the FM signal. Label all pertinent parameters.
[8 marks]
(iii) Calculate the Carson’s bandwidth [4 marks]

QUESTION 2 (10 MARKS)

Table 1 shows the power at the unmodulated carrier and power at each set of the significant side
frequency for the frequency modulated signal. Given a frequency modulated signal is VFM(t)=VC
cos [400kπt + m sin 2500πt]. Assume R is 10Ω.

Table 1
Power (Watts)
Power at unmodulated carrier, Pc 20
Power at the 1st set of side frequency P1 12.428
Power at the 2nd set of side frequency P2 2.175
Power at the 3rd set of side frequency P3 0.1546
Power at the 4th set of side frequency P4 0.004

(i) Determine the modulation index. [5 marks]

(ii) If the peak frequency deviation is increased until the amplitude of the first sideband
pairs are 50% of the unmodulated carrier amplitude, calculate the Bessel’s bandwidth.
[5 marks]
 EECB353 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS | SEM 2 1718

QUESTION 3 (25 MARKS)

(a) A compact disc (CD) records audio signals digitally by using Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).
Assume the audio signal is 15 kHz.
(i) Calculate the Nyquist sampling frequency. [2 marks]
(ii) The samples are quantized into 65536 levels and then binary coded. Find the number
of bits required to encode each sample. [2 marks]
(iii) Determine the bit rate. [2 marks]
(iv) Calculate the SQR (in dB) and the dynamic range (in dB). [5 marks]
(v) Evaluate whether the Nyquist criterion satisfies the following TWO (2) cases. Explain
what will happen to the transmitted signal.
Case 1: Sampling rate is set to 26 kHz.
Case 2: Sampling rate is set to 35 kHz. [4 marks]

(b) Figure 1 below shows the sampled voice signal that is sampled at 3000 times per second. Given
sampled voice signal ranged between -5 V to +5 V and using three bits for linear quantization.

Figure 1: Sampled Voice Signal

(i) Determine the PCM code for each sample for the first period of 1ms. Show all the
workings. [8 marks]
(ii) The PCM code in Part b(i) is line coded using Bipolar Return to Zero (BPRZ). Draw
the output waveform. [2 marks]
 EECB353 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS | SEM 2 1718

QUESTION 4 (20 MARKS)

(a) An analog signal shown in Figure 2 is converted to digital PCM data with minimum dynamic
range (DR) of 16 dB. Determine the:

t = 0.1msec
+5V

time

-5V

Figure 2: An analog signal

(i) The actual number of bits used in the PCM code. [3 marks]
(ii) Step size [2 marks]
(iii) Signal to quantization noise ratio, SQR [2 marks]
(iv) If the signal is sampled at 30% higher than Nyquist rate, find the bit rate. [3 marks]

(b) Voice input signal with amplitude of ± 8V and frequency of 4 kHz is compressed and expanded
using µ-law companding method. It is then sampled, quantized and encoded using 4-bit PCM
code. The µ-law companding method is described as below and assume µ is 255.
𝑉
ln [1 + µ (𝑉 𝑖𝑛 )]
𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥
ln[1 + µ]

(i) Calculate the smallest step size. [5 marks]

(ii) Compare the dynamic range of the non-linear PCM system with linear PCM system.
[5 marks]