COURSE FILE

TITLE OF THE COURSE WITH CODE NUMBER:

Course Code : ME 305

Title of the Course : Operations Research
Year & semester : III year, First semester
Periods per week : Theory-4 and Tutorial-1(Total-5)
Nature of the Course : Core Competence
Names of Instructors : Dr.N.Govind
1
Designation : Assoc.Professor,
E-mail : govind.nandipati@gmail.com

1. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES:

I. Contribute directly to professional careers with strong framework to apply

principles of Mathematics, Basic Sciences and Engineering.

II. Empower people to better understand, and engage in real time, engineering
problems to design, build, analyze and realize the physical systems and
components or processes using professional knowledge and skills resulting in
significant societal benefit.

III. Strive to achieve potential and expand their capabilities through harnessing
multidisciplinary skills and to analyze engineering issues in a broader
perspective with ethical responsibility towards sustainable development.

IV. Enhance knowledge and skills in the areas of interpersonal activities,

leadership and team building to achieve organization goals and pursue lifelong
learning and higher education necessary to extend the reach and amplify the
voice of successful profession.

2. PROGRAMME OUTCOMES:

a. Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.

b. Ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret

data and results.

c. Ability to design a system, component, or process to meet the desired needs.

d. Ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.

e. Ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary
for engineering practice.
 f. Ability to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and
societal context.

g. Ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams.

h. Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility.

i. Ability to communicate effectively in both verbal and written skills.

j. Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in lifelong learning.

k. Knowledge of contemporary issues.

l. Ability to use energy judiciously and effectively without affecting biological

systems, hydrological cycles and economics of nature.

3. COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this course is to help students getting the following capabilities
and competencies:
1. Grasp the methodology of OR problem solving.
2. Understand and differentiate deterministic/probabilistic/stochastic static
and dynamic problem solving situations.
3. Develop formulation skills in building models.
4. Understand the basics in the field of queuing and game theory.
5. Be able to understand and interpret solutions with simulation and decision
theory.

4. Mapping of the course objectives with PEO’s & Outcomes:

Course Objectives P. E. O.’s P. O.’s
1 II e
2 II,IV a, e
3 II,IV a, e
4 II e
5 II,IV a, b, d ,e

5. LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:

a. The student will develop the skills to consider real-world problems and
determine whether or not linear programming is an appropriate modeling
framework.
b. Develop linear programming models that consider the key elements of the
real world problem.
c. Interpret the models' solutions and infer solutions to the real-world
problems.
d. Recognize and solve transportation and assignment problems.
 e. Explain the basics in the field of queuing models and Game theory.
f. Know when simulation and decision theory can be applied in real world
problems

6. Mapping of course outcomes with PEO’s and PO’s:

Course Description PEOs POs Course
Outcome Objectives
i The student will develop the skills to consider II,III a,c,d,e 1,2,3
real-world problems and determine whether or
not linear programming is an appropriate
modeling framework.

ii Develop linear programming models that II c,e 1,3

consider the key elements of the real world
problem
iii Interpret the models' solutions and infer III b,e 5
solutions to the real-world problems.

iv Recognize and solve transportation and II e 2

assignment problems.

v Explain the basics in the field of queuing models II e 3,4

and Game theory..
V1 Know when simulation and decision theory can II,IV b 5
be applied in real world problems

7. Pre-requisites:
 ME101 Mathematics – I
 ME - 221 Probability and Complex Analysis

8. Course Content:

UNIT I
Linear Programming : Definition and Scope of Operations Research, Mathematical
formulation of the problem, graphical method, Simplex method, artificial basis technique,
duality, dual Simplex method. Degeneracy, alternative optima, unbounded solution, infeasible
solution. (15)

UNIT II
Transportation Problem: Introduction to the problem, LP formulation of a transportation
problem. Basic feasible solution by north-west corner method, Vogel’s approximation
method, least cost method .Finding optimal solution by MODI method, degeneracy,
unbalanced transportation matrix and Maximization in transportation model.
Assignment Problem: One-to-one assignment problem, optimal solution, unbalanced
assignment matrix. Flight scheduling problems, Traveling salesman problem. (15)

UNIT III

Queuing Theory: Queuing systems and their characteristics. Analysis of Markovian chains,
Transition diagram, M/M/1: FCFS/  /  and M/M/1 : FCFS/  / N queuing models.
Theory of games: Introduction, Rectangular two person zero person games, solution of
rectangular games in terms of mixed strategies , solution of 2x2 games without saddle points,
concept of dominance to reduce the given matrix , graphical method for 2xn and nx2 games
(15)
UNIT IV
Simulation: Definition and applications.Mantel Carlo simulation. Random numbers and
random number generation: Mixed congruential method, additive congruential method and
multiplicative congruential method. Application problems in queuing and inventory.
Decision Theory: Introduction, decision under certainty, Decision under risk- expected value
criterion, expected value combined with variance criterion , decision under uncertainty ,
decision tree.
(15)

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Operations Research - H.A. Taha , Pearson , 7th Edition, June 2002.
2. Introduction to Operations Research - Hiller and Liberman , MGH , 7th Edition , 2002.
3. Operations Research - R. Pannerselvam , PHI , 2nd Edition, 2006.
4. Quantitative techniques for management - V.Vohra , TMH , 3rd Edition.

REFERENCES:
1. Introduction to Operations Research - Phillips, Ravindran, James Soldberg Wiley 1976.
2. Optimization Theory and Applications - S.S. Rao, Wiley 1979.
3. Operations Research - S.D. Sharma, Kedar nath Ram nath & Co, 11th Edition , 2002.
4. Operations Research - Gupta and Hira , S. Chand , 2008.

Text books available in library

TITLE AUTHORS NO_OF_VOLUMES

Fundamentals Of Operations
Research Ackoff, Russell 15
Industrial Engineering And
Operations Research Miller, David M. 1
Industrial Management And
Operations Research Ahuja, K.K. 3
Industrial Management:Production
Management And Operations
Research Ahuja, K.K. 1
Introduction To Operations Research Hiller, Frederick S. 48
Introduction To Operations
Research:A Computer Oriented
Algorithmic Approach Gillett, Billy E. 13
Introductory Operations
Research:Theory And Applications Kasana, Harvir Singh. 1
Introductory Operations
Research;Theory And Applications Kasana, Harvir Singh. 1
Management Science/Operations
Research:A Strategic Perspective Bell, Peter C. 1
Ms- 51 Operations Research Ignou, Newdelhi. 1
Operations Research Bhaskar, S. 3
Operations Research Goel, B.S. 37
Operations Research Gupta, Prem Kumar. 28
Operations Research Hiller, Frederick S. 8
Operations Research Kalavathy, S. 5
Operations Research Kannan, K. 3
Operations Research N.V.S. Raju. 1
Operations Research Pannerselvam, R. 7
Operations Research Ramamurthy, P. 1
Operations Research Shah, Nita H. 1
Operations Research Sharma, Anand. 7
Operations Research Sharma, S.D. 51
Operations Research Swarup, Kanti. 12
Operations Research Taha, Hamdy A. 1
Operations Research Veerachamy, R. 2
Operations Research Vivek, Kumar. 1
Operations Research Winston, Wayne L. 2

Operations Research An Introduction Taha, Hamdy A. 64

Operations Research For Engineers Basu, S.K. 1

Operations Research For
Management Gupta, M.P. 1
Operations Research For
Management Shenoy, G.V. 1
Operations Research In Electrical
Systems Khare Anand. 1
Operations Research Theory And
Applications Jain, S.K. 1
Operations Research: A Practical
Approach Philipose, Susy. 1
Operations Research: Methods And
Practice Mustafi, C.K. 1
Operations Research: Methods And
Problems Sasieni, Maurice. 1
Operations Research: Principles And
Practice Ravindran, A. 21
Operations Research: Problems And
Solutions Kapoor, V.K. 1

Operations Research: Question Bank Naidu, N.V.R. 2

Operations Research: Techniques For
Management Kapoor, V.K. 5
Operations Research: Theory And
Applications Sharma, J.K. 7

Optimization In Operations Research Rardin, Ronald L. 1

Optimization Methods In Operations

Research And System Analysis Mital, K.V. 6
Principles Of Operations Research
For Management Budnick, Frank S. 4
Principles Of Operations Research:
With Applications To Managerial
Decisions Jain, A.K. 2
Principles Of Operations Research:
With Applications To Managerial
Decisions Wagner, Harvey M. 6
Problems And Solutions In
Operations Research Kapoor, V.K. 1

Information available in digital library:

S.NO NAME OF THE PUBLISHER WEB SITE

1 IEEE http:// ww.ieee.org/ieeexplore
2 ASME http:// www.asmedl.aip.org
3 ASCE http:// www.ascelibrary.org
4 SPRINGER http:// www.springerlink.com
5 MCGRAWHILL(ACCESS ENGINEERING) http:// www.2.accessengineeringibrary.com
6 EBSCO http:// www.search.ebscohost.com
7 J-GATE http:// www.j-gate.informindia.co.in
8 BOOK SUPPLY BUREAU ASTM DIGITAL http:// www.enterprise.astm.org
LIBRARY
9 ELSEVIER http:// www.sciencedirect.com

Nptel- operation research

Web references:

1. http://www2.informs.org/Resources/
2. http://www.mit.edu/~orc/
3. http://www.ieor.columbia.edu/
4. http://www.universalteacherpublications.com/univ/ebooks/or/Ch1/origin.htm
5. http://www.wolfram.com/solutions/OperationsResearch/

Hand books to be allowed in the university examination

 Statistical tables

9. Detailed Learning outcomes:

After the completion of the course, the student gets sufficient theoretical and analytical
background in building models, Interpret the models’ solutions, and infers solutions to the
real-world problems.
.
10. Lesson Plan & Delivery:
UNIT- I

LINEAR PROGRAMMING

TOPIC NO.OF PERIODS

Introduction: The origin., Develpoment of 1
Operations Research, scope
Mathematical formulation of the problem 1
graphical method 1
Exercises on graphical method 1
Simplex method, 1
artificial basis technique 1
Degeneracy, 1
alternative optima, 1
unbounded solution, 1
infeasible solution. 1
The essence of duality theory. 1
Primal dual relationship. 1
The role of duality in sensitive analysis. 1
Exercises on duality theory 1
Dual Simplex method 1
UNIT-II
TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM
Introduction to the problem 1
formulation of a transportation problem 1
Basic feasible solution by north-west corner 1
method
Vogel’s approximation method, 1
least cost method. 1
Finding optimal solution by MODI method 1
degeneracy, 1
unbalanced transportation matrix 1
Maximization in transportation model. 1
A streamlined simplex method for the 1
transportation Problem
.
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
One-to-one assignment problem, 1
optimal solution, 1
unbalanced assignment matrix. 1
Flight scheduling problems, 1
Traveling salesman problem. 1

UNIT III
QUEING THEORY
Queuing systems and their characteristics. 1
Analysis of Markovian chains 1
Transition diagram, 1
M/M/1 : FCFS/  /  queuing model 2
M/M/1 : FCFS/  / N queuing model 2
THEORY OF GAMES
Introduction, Rectangular two person zero 2
person, given matrix
solution of rectangular games in terms of 2
mixed strategies , solution of 2x2
concept of dominance to reduce the nx2 games 1

games without saddle points 1

graphical method for 2xn and 1

UNIT IV

SIMULATION
Definition and applications. 1
Mantel Carlo simulation. 3
Random numbers and random number 2
generation
Mixed congruential method, additive 1
congruential method and multiplicative
congruential method.
Application problems in queuing and inventory. 2

DECISIONTHEORY
Introduction, decision under certainty 2

Decision under risk- expected value criterion 1

expected value combined with variance 1
criterion
decision under uncertainty 1
decision tree 2

11. Question papers of Assignment & Sessional tests:

Go to the site www.rvrjcce.ac.in/moodle for the question papers.

12. Evaluation methods:

 Assignment Tests : 12 %
  Mid-Term Tests : 18 %
 Attendance, quizzes & objective tests : 10%
 Final Exam : 60 %
13. Reinforcement of learning:
 Home Work and class tests
 Students shall be writing various c-programmes related to operations research
which includes linear programming, transportation and queuing theory etc.
Students will also exposed to software packages like TORA
14. Performance evaluation & remedial measures:
a) Discusses the answers/ solutions to the questions given in the assignment and
sessional tests in the class while the answer sheets are issued.
b) Motivating the slow learners towards course work.
c) Special guidance on course work

15. Semester end observations for future guidance:

 Student’s performance should be continuously monitored
 Based on the students suggestions more practical examples has to be discussed
 Students have to be subjected to more objective tests which help in their competitive
exams.

16. TOPICS COVERED BEYOND THE CURRICULUM:

Theory:
a) Discrete event simulation for re-order point inventory system to find optimal
ordering quantity.
b) Montecarlo simulation for probabilistic situations

Assignments:

The students are given extra problems gathered from various sources books which enable
students to get better perspective about the subject.