Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Defoamers
Get your foam under control
Clariant Defoamers
Antimussol Series
D-Foam-R Series
Division FUN
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 2
Foam
Laundry
Air entrainment in washing machines occurs: Commercial
– When the laundry is lifted out of the washing Laundry
liquor by the carrier baffles situated inside the
drum
– When the laundry falls back into the washing liquor
– When the washing liquor flows through the perforations in the washing drum
Too much foam results in:
– Insufficient contact between the laundry and the washing liquor. The foam acts
like a cushion which reduces mechanical washing action effectively eliminating the
benefit of tumble washers.
– Overflow and insufficient rinsing leaving fabric sticky which can lead to re-soiling.
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 4
Why is it important to eliminate foam?
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 5
Why is it important to eliminate foam?
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 7
Why is it important to eliminate foam?
Recovery Tanks
Carpet Cleaning
Foam generation occurs from:
– Original cleaning solution spray/mechanical action on substrate
– Vacuuming of solution/soil from substrate
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 8
Why is it important to eliminate foam?
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 9
Defoaming
Defoaming Steps
Spreading: Defoamer thins the film interface foaming media and air
Defoamer
Disrupt the surfactant layer beyond its ability to repair itself “Defoaming or Knockdown”
Application
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 11
Mechanisms of Defoaming
Entering: The importance of particles
Particles of relatively
large size easily bridge
Large Particle
across film and cause
bubble rupture
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 12
Mechanisms of Defoaming
Spreading: The importance of the oil
spreading oil
film-original thickness
thinning film
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 13
Optimizing entering and spreading
“smart development of defoamers”
To rupture a foam film an oil/hydrophobic particle droplet must enter the aqueous
phase into the air/water interface (entering) and then some oil from the droplet
should spread on the solution air-interface (spreading)
For both the entering and spreading coefficient to be positive, it is important to have
a liquid with a low surface tension
Hydrophobic particles ease entry of the antifoam droplet in the foam walls or film
interfaces, explaining the benefit of their addition in antifoam formulation
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 14
The architecture of a defoamer
Component Purpose
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 15
Defoamer Actives
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 16
Silicone
Silicone
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS),
silicone resins
Silicone-free
No silicone whatsoever
Non-Silicone
May have small amount of silicone,
but not an active component; < 0.5%
Organo-silicone
Organically modified silicone, some
may call this non-silicone because
there is no free PDMS
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 17
Defoamer Testing Equipment
Objective Air
rotation speed
1300ml
500ml
Foam height
differentiated Thermostat
at 80°C
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 18
Defoamer Testing Equipment
28cm
0cm
Thermostat
at 80°C
Pump
20Hz
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 19
Antimussol Series
Products & Performance
Antimussol Product Line
Antimussol TIP and ZJ do not contain and are not considered surfactants and so are not subject to the EU Detergent Regulation
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 21
Antimussol Application Properties
Formulation Stability
Trade Name Application Field Nonionic Cationic Anionic Acid Alkaline Heat
Antimussol 3470 Industrial and metal cleaning
Industrial cleaning, metal
Antimussol 3472-N working, waste water treatment,
fire extinguishing foam, dyeing
Industrial cleaning, waste water
*Antimussol FN treatment, smoke fumes
desulphurizing
*Antimussol TIP Industrial cleaning
Industrial cleaning, drilling fluid,
Antimussol TW process and waste water
treatment
Antimussol ZJ Industrial and metal cleaning
*Antimussol DC 161 Industrial cleaning
Antimussol TIP and ZJ do not contain and are not considered surfactants and so are not subject to the EU Detergent Regulation
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 22
Antimussol® TW
Inversion foam
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Anionic trials
300
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Cationic trials
300
400
TIP shows little
300 efficacy defoaming
Anionic and
200 Nonionic systems
but increases in
100
effectiveness with
Cationic surfactant
0
0% TIP 0.001% TIP 0.01% TIP 0.1% TIP
systems
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Nonionic trials
300
200
ZJ shows great
100 efficacy defoaming
Cationic and
0 Nonionic surfactant
0% ZJ 0.01% ZJ 0.1% ZJ systems
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Cationic trials
300
200
DC 161 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming Cationic
0 and Anionic
0% DC 0.001% DC 0.01% DC 0.1% DC surfactant systems
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 29
D Foam R C732
Inversion foam
200
C732 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming all three
0 surfactant systems
0% C732 0.001% C732 0.01% C732 0.1% C732 Free rinsing
defoamer
Anionic = Secondary Alkane Sulfonate
Nonionic = Linear Alcohol Ethoxylate 7 EO
Cationic = Hydroxy Ethyl Quat TSCA Registered
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 30
D Foam R F806
Inversion foam
400
Photos are of
Anionic trials
300
200
F806 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming all three
0 surfactant systems
0% F806 0.001% F806 0.01% F806 0.1% F806
400
Photos are of
Nonionic trials
300
200
F836 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming all three
0 surfactant systems
0% F836 0.001% F836 0.01% F836 0.1% F836
200
I839 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming all three
0 surfactant systems
0% I839 0.001% I839 0.01% I839 0.1% I839
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Nonionic trials
300
200
I851 shows
100
great efficacy
defoaming all three
0 surfactant systems
0% I851 0.001% I851 0.01% I851 0.1% I851 Free rinsing
defoamer
Anionic = Secondary Alkane Sulfonate
Nonionic = Linear Alcohol Ethoxylate 7 EO
Cationic = Hydroxy Ethyl Quat TSCA Registered
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 34
D Foam R I902
Inversion foam
400
Nonionic trials
300
I902 shows
200 efficacy defoaming
Nonionic and
100
Anionic surfactant
0 systems
0% I902 0.001% I902 0.01% I902 0.1% I902 Highly durable
in alkaline soln.
Anionic = Secondary Alkane Sulfonate
Nonionic = Linear Alcohol Ethoxylate 7 EO
Cationic = Hydroxy Ethyl Quat TSCA Registered
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 35
D Foam R M722
Inversion foam
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Nonionic trials
300
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Anionic trials
300
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 38
D Foam R A625
Inversion foam
300
Photos are of
Foam Height (ml)
400
Nonionic trials
300
300
400
300
F440 shows
200 great efficacy
defoaming cationic
100 & anionic*
surfactant systems
0
0% F440 0.001% F440 0.01% F440 0.1% F440*
* 30sec after
reading – anionic
Anionic = Secondary Alkane Sulfonate foam is zero
Nonionic = Linear Alcohol Ethoxylate 7 EO
Cationic = Hydroxy Ethyl Quat TSCA Registered
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 42
D Foam R T296
Inversion foam
300
400
300
W465 shows
200 great efficacy
defoaming *all three
100 surfactant systems
0
* 30sec after
reading – anionic &
0% W465 0.001% W465 0.01% W465 0.1% W465*
cationic foam is
Anionic = Secondary Alkane Sulfonate zero
Nonionic = Linear Alcohol Ethoxylate 7 EO
Cationic = Hydroxy Ethyl Quat TSCA Registered
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 45
Summary
Antimussol and D-Foam-R
Get your foam under control!
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 47
Selecting the Right Option
Non-Silicone A625
* Not on TSCA
Public: Defoamers
Industrial & Home Care, FUN Division (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) Slide 48