Time travel: science fact or science

fiction
Priyanka kasturia
Department of Physics, Kalindi College, University of Delhi.

Abstract
Basically we define time travel as the departure from a certain place in
certain time followed by arrival at the certain place at a different time
whether in future or in past. In this paper, the possibilities and certainty to
travel time, and if it is possible then how we can travel into future or past is
explored and explained. Thus, in this paper we will study about the time
travel in physics and also explore some related theories. We will also
explore how general and special theory of relativity and the concept of
wormholes account for the time travel. Also the concept of the time
machine is also discussed.

Introduction
Time travel is the moving
between different points in
different time, i.e., to move from
one moment in one time to
another moment in another
different time, typically using a
hypothetical device known as
a time machine. It is uncertain
that if time travel to the past is
physically possible while the time
travel to the future is an observed
phenomenon and understood
within the framework of special
and general relativity. Not all
scientists believe that time travel
is possible. Some even say that an
attempt would be fatal to any
human who chooses to undertake
it.
While most of people think of
time as a constant, according to
Newton. But Einstein showed
that time is relative — it can vary
for different observers depending
on your speed through space.
Einstein's theory of special
relativity says that time slows
down or speeds up depending on
how fast you move relative to
something else. Approaching the
speed of light, a person inside a
spaceship would age much slower
than his twin at home. Einstein’s
special and general theory of
relativity, suggest that suitable
geometries of space-time or
specific types of motion in space
might allow time travel into the
Past and future if these
geometries or motions were
possible.
Special and General
relativity
There are two types of time
travel: time travel to the future
and time travel to the past. Time
travel to the future is definitely
possible. Einstein’s special theory
of relativity, developed in 1905,
shows that time passes at
different rates for people who are
moving relative to one another -
although the effect only becomes
large when you get close to the
speed of light. Here, the special
relativity of theory plays the role.
If you travel in space and travel
near the speed of light, and when
you came back to the earth, your
clock will be ticking off the time
more slowly. So when you reach
the Earth, it is going the future on
Earth.
Time travel to the past is
something where the argument
happens. It is theoretically
possible according to general
relativity where the space and
time bends to form space-time
curved geometries that allow
travelling faster than speed of
light. But Einstein’s equation
showed that the nothing is faster
than the speed of light as the
object which attained the speed of
light would have infinite mass
And zero length which seems to
Be physically impossible,
although Some scientists have
extended his equations and said it
might be done. It allows for the
possibility of the concept of
wormholes– a kind of tunnel
through space-time connects very
distant parts of the universe
through which we can travel to
past or future.
Time travel through
Wormhole
A wormhole (or Einstein–Rosen
bridge) is a speculative structure
linking disparate points in space-
time which can be visualized as a
tunnel with two ends, each at
different locations or different
points of time. It was realized that
if you manipulate the openings of
the wormhole, i.e., put one near a
black hole or take one a high
speed journey, then time of two
openings of this wormhole tunnel
will not tick off at the same rate
so that you will not longer just go
from one location in space to
Another, but from one time to
another different time. In this
way a wormhole leads to travel in
past or future by covering a huge
time in some small distance at a
speed faster than light.
Science fiction is filled with tales
of traveling through wormholes.
But the reality of such travel is
more complicated, and not just
because we've yet to spot one.
The first problem is size.
Primordial wormholes are
predicted to exist on microscopic
levels, about 10–33 centimeters.
However, as the universe
expands, it is possible that some
may have been stretched to larger
sizes. Another problem comes
from stability. The predicted
Einstein-Rosen wormholes would
be useless for travel because they
collapse quickly.
A recent research study found
that a wormhole contains "exotic"
matter that could stay open and
unchanging for longer periods of
time. Exotic matter contains
negative energy density and a
large negative pressure. Such
matter has only been seen in the
behavior of certain vacuum states
as part of quantum field theory. If
a wormhole contained sufficient
exotic matter, whether naturally
occurring or artificially added, it
could theoretically be used as a
Method of sending information
or travelers through space.
Unfortunately, human journeys
through the space tunnels may be
challenging.
Today's technology is insufficient
to enlarge or stabilize wormholes,
even if they could be found.
However, scientists continue to
explore the concept as a method
of space travel with the hope that
technology will eventually be able
to utilize them.
The concept of time
machine
Time travel requires a device
called time machine to take us to
another time. This term is often
used in fiction movies and stories,
but it was popularized by the
novel ‘the Time machine’ by H.G.
Wells.
Research often involves bending
of space and time so that the lines
form a loop known as ‘Closed
time like curve’. Research studies
also thought of the need of an
exotic matter having negative 3. http://www.physics.org/ar
density as present in wormhole. ticle-questions.asp?id=131

But the exotic matter only exists 4. https://www.livescience.co

theoretically. Even if it really
does, then it might be present in
limited quantity which would be
too small for the construction of a
time machine.
Conclusion
m/19582-time-travel.html
5. https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/23107206
1_Time_travel_separating_s
cience_fact_from_science_fic
tion

Time travel to the future is 6. https://www.abc.net.au/ne

somehow is considered as an ws/science/2018-09-
easier task for the scientists while 02/block-universe-theory-
time travel in past does not time-past-present-future-
appear to be possible for the travel/10178386
present time, but maybe it will be
7. https://www.space.com/20
possible if the wormhole or time
881-wormholes.html
machine could exists in future.
With the physics that we use
today, the field is constantly
changing. Advances in quantum
theories could perhaps provide
some understanding of how to
overcome time travel paradoxes.
One possibility, although it would
not necessarily lead to time
travel, is solving the mystery of
how certain particles
can communicate instantaneously
with each other faster than the
speed of light.

Bibliography
1. https://www.space.com/21
675-time-travel.html

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/w
iki/Time_travel