No Expected answer Mark Guideline

1) a) Go to 2 [ 6]
Go to 5
Gymnopis multiplicata B
Go to 3
Triturus cristatus C
Go to 4
Necturus maculosus D
Ambystoma tigrinum G
Go to 6
Oreophrynella quelchii E
Polypedates leucomystax F
Rana temporaria A
2) a) MP1 A cytoplasm ; [2]
i)
MP2 B nucleus ;
ii) MP1 forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings ; [1]
MP2 keeps contents of cell inside ;
MP3 allows / controls /(movement of) substances, into/ out, of the cell/ across
membrane ;
iii) Irregular shape/rounded shape/not columnar/ not cylindrical/ not rectangular/ no [1]

specific shape ;
MP1 large surface area ; [1]
MP2 more surface for respiration ; A moresurface area for enzymes
MP3 allows, increased/ faster/ efficient, respiration ;
3) a) MP1 passive/ does not require energy ;
i) MP2 substances move down a concentration gradient ;
MP3 does not have to occur across a membrane ;
MP4 occurs with gases ;
MP5 no need for protein, carrier/ channels /pumps ;
b) two marks for the correct answer – if no answer, an incorrect answer or
 an answer without the minus sign award one mark for the correct
working
MP1 183 – 175 = 8 ;

MP2 8/183 × 100 = – 4.4 ; A: - 4.3

MP3 transfer the answer on the table [3]
c) line finished to - 4.4/A ecf from (b)(i) [1] R extrapolation past 200
i) gdm–3
ii) MP1 44 ± 1 ; [2]
MP2 gdm–3 ;
d) MP1 movement of water ; A ‘down a water potential
MP2 by osmosis ; gradient’ if direction
MP3 through partially permeable membrane(s) ; is correct and clear
MP4 gain – onion has lower water potential/ solution has higher water ignore references to
potential ; ‘concentrations of water’
MP5 loss – onion has higher water potential/ solution has lower water
potential ; [4]