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DRUG STUDY

Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects/Adverse Nursing Considerations


Action Effects
Generic Name:
- Culture infection,
Cefuroxime Cefuroxime is a Allergy to cephalosporins or CV: phlebitis,
arrange for sensitivity
Classification: bactericidal penicillins, renal failure, thrombophlebitis
tests before and during
Anti-infectives antibiotic, which lactation, pregnancy GI: pseudomembranous
therapy if expected
Route: exerts antibacterial colitis, nausea, anorexia,
response is not seen.
PO activity by inhibition vomiting, diarrhea
- Give oral drug with
Indication: of bacterial cell wall Hematologic: transient
food to decrease GI upset
Treatment of Upper and synthesis in neutropenia, eosinophilia,
and enhance absorption.
Lower Respiratory Tract susceptible species. hemolytic anemia, - Give oral drug to
Infections, Skin Cefuroxime has thrombocytopenia children who can swallow
Infections. good stability to Skin: maculopapular and tablets; crushing the drug
several bacterial erythematous rashes, results in a bitter,
beta-lactamase urticaria, pain, induration, unpleasant taste.
- Have vitamin K
enzymes and, sterile abscesses,
available in case
consequently, is temperature elevation,
hypoprothrombinemia
active against many tissue sloughing at
occurs.
resistant strains of intramuscular injection
- Discontinue if
susceptible species. site
hypersensitivity reaction
Other: hypersensitivity
occurs.
reactions, serum sickness,
anaphylaxis.
DRUG STUDY
Mechanism of Contraindication Side Effects/Adverse Nursing Considerations
Action Effects
Generic Name:
Salbutamol Relaxes bronchial, Hypersensitivity to CNS: tremor, nervousness, 1. Assess lung sounds,
PR and BP before drug
Classification: uterine, and vascular adrenergic amines dizziness, insomnia,
administration and during
headache, hyperactivity, peak of medication.
Bronchodilator, smooth muscle by Hypersensitivity to 2. Observe fore
weakness, CNS stimulation,
Adrenergic stimulating beta2 fluorocarbons paradoxical spasm and
malaise withhold medication and
Route: receptors. CV: tachycardia, palpitations,
notify physician if
condition occurs.
Inhalation hypertension 3. Administer PO
medications with meals to
Indication: EENT: dry and irritated nose
minimize gastric irritation.
used for relief of and throat with inhaled form, 4. Extended-release
tablet should be
nasal congestion, epistaxis,
bronchospasm swallowed-whole. It
hoarseness should not be crushed or
chewed.
GI: heartburn, nausea,
5. If administering
vomiting, anorexia, altered medication through
inhalation, allow at least 1
taste, increased appetite
minute between inhalation
Metabolic: hypokalemia of aerosol medication.
6. Advise the patient to
Musculoskeletal: muscle
rinse mouth with water
cramps after each inhalation to
minimize dry mouth.
Respiratory: bronchospasm,
7. Inform the patient
cough, wheezing, dyspnea, that Albuterol may cause
an unusual or bad taste.
bronchitis, increased sputum
MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS AND NURSING
DRUG NAME ADVERSE REACTION
ACTION CONTRAINDICATION RESPONSIBIILITIES
GENERIC: In the oliguric phase of  Dehydration Indications: >Assessment – Monitor the
Mannitol acute renal failure,  Acute oliguric following:
DOSE: Mannitol increases  Anuria renal failure 1. Vital signs
50mg osmotic pressure (pressure  Toxic overdose 2. Intake and output
FREQUENCY and needed to stop the  Intracranial  Edema 3. Central venous pressure
TIME: absorption of something or bleeding  Increased >Pulmonary artery
Every 4 hours osmosis) of the glumerular intracranial pressure
ROUTE: filtrate, thereby, promoting pressure (ICP) >Signs and symptoms of
diuresis (treating the  Headache dehydration (e.g. poor skin
IV push  Intraocular
CLASSIFICATION: oliguric phase of renal pressure (IOP) turgor, dry skin, fever,
Osmotic Diuretic failure) and excretes toxic  Blurred vision thirst)
materials (management for Contraindications: >Signs of electrolyte
toxic overdose).  Nausea and imbalance/deficit (e.g.
 Susceptibility
It also elevates blood vomiting muscular weakness,
 Dehydration
plasma osmolality thus, paresthesia, numbness,
inhibiting the reabsorption  Volume expansion confusion, tingling
of water and electrolytes sensation of extremity and
(for relief of edema) and  Chest pain excessive thirst)
mobilizing fluids in the > (for increase ICP)
cerebral and ocular spaces Neurologic status and
 Pulmonary edema
(lowers intracranial or intracranial pressure
intraocular pressure). readings.
 Thirst > (for increase IOP)
Elevating eye pain or
 Tachycardia decreased visual acuity.

 Hypokalemia Laboratory Tests


(increases the risk >Renal function (BUN and
of digoxin Creatinine)
toxicity) >Serum Electrolyte
(Sodium and Potassium)
 Chronic renal
failure
INDICATIONS AND NURSING
MECHANISM OF ACTION ADVERSE REACTION
DRUG NAME CONTRAINDICATION RESPONSIBIILITIES

GENERIC: Gastric acid-pump  CNS: Headache, Indications: Assessment:


Pantoprazole >History: Hypersensitivity to
inhibitor: Suppresses dizziness, asthenia,  Oral: Short-term
DOSE: any proton pump inhibitor or
40mg
gastric acid secretion by vertigo, insomnia, (< 8 wk) and long-
specific inhibition of the any drug components;
FREQUENCY and TIME: apathy, anxiety, term treatment of
pregnancy; lactation
Once daily hydrogen-potassium paresthesias, GERD >Physical: Skin lesions; T;
ROUTE: ATPase enzyme system at dream  IV: Short-term (7– reflexes, affect; urinary
IV push the secretory surface of the abnormalities 10 days) treatment output, abdominal
CLASSIFICATION:
Antisecretory agent gastric parietal cells; of GERD in examination; respiratory
Proton pump inhibitor blocks the final step of  Dermatologic: patients unable to auscultation
acid production. Rash, continue oral
inflammation, therapy Interventions:
urticaria, pruritus,  Treatment of >Administer once or twice a
day. Caution patient to
alopecia, dry skin pathological
swallow tablets whole; not to
hypersecretory cut, chew, or crush them.
 GI: Diarrhea, conditions >WARNING: Arrange for
abdominal pain, associated with further evaluation of patient
nausea, vomiting, Zollinger-Ellison after 4 wk of therapy for
constipation, dry syndrome and other gastroreflux disorders.
mouth, tongue neoplastic Symptomatic improvement
atrophy conditions does not rule out gastric
 Unlabeled uses: cancer; gastric cancer did
Treatment of peptic occur in preclinical studies.
 Respiratory: URI >Maintain supportive
symptoms, cough, ulcer
treatment as appropriate for
epistaxis underlying problem.
Contraindications: >Switch patients on IV
 Other: Cancer in  Contraindicated therapy to oral dosage as
with soon as possible.
preclinical studies, hypersensitivity to >Provide additional comfort
back pain, fever any proton pump measures to alleviate
inhibitor or any discomfort from GI effects
drug components. and headache.
 Use cautiously with
pregnancy
INDICATIONS AND NURSING
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION ADVERSE REACTION
CONTRAINDICATION RESPONSIBIILITIES
GENERIC: Rosuvastatin is a potent  Body as a Whole: Indications: Assessment & Drug Effects:
Rosuvastatin inhibitor of HMG-CoA Asthenia, back pain,  Adjunct to diet for >Monitor for and report
DOSE: reductase, an enzyme that flu syndrome, chest the reduction of LDL promptly S&S of myopathy
catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol and (e.g., skeletal muscle pain).
10mg pain, infection, pain,
triglycerides in >Withhold drug and notify
FREQUENCY and HMG-CoA to mevalonic peripheral edema. patients with physician if CPK levels are
TIME: acid, an early and rate-  CNS: Headache, markedly elevated (10xULN)
primary
Once during bedtime limiting step in cholesterol dizziness, insomnia, hypercholesterolemi or if myopathy is diagnosed
ROUTE: biosynthesis. Interference hypertonia, a and mixed or suspected.
PO with this enzyme's activity paresthesia, dyslipidemia >Lab tests: CPK levels for
CLASSIFICATION: reduces the quantity of S&S of myopathy; periodic
depression, anxiety,
Cardiovascular agent; mevalonic acid, a Contraindications: LFTs; more frequent INR
vertigo, neuralgia. values with concomitant
Anti-lipemic; HMG-COA precursor of cholesterol.
 CV: Hypertension,
 Hypersensitivity to
Reductase Inhibitor any component of warfarin therapy.
angina, the product, active >Monitor CV status,
(Statin)
vasodilatation, liver disease, especially with a known
palpitations. pregnancy (category history of hypertension or
X), women of child- heart disease.
 GI: Diarrhea,
bearing potential not >Monitor diabetics for loss of
dyspepsia, nausea, glycemic control.
abdominal pain, using appropriate
contraceptive
constipation Patient & Family Education:
measures, lactation.
 Endocrine: Diabetes. >Do not take antacids within
 Hematologic: 2 h of taking this drug.
>Do not breast feed while
Anemia, ecchymosis.
taking this drug.
 Musculoskeletal: >Females should use reliable
Myalgia, arthritis, means of contraception while
arthralgia, taking this drug to prevent
rhabdomyolysis pregnancy.
(especially with dose
>40 mg).

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