➢ INTRODUCTION

➢ HISTORY
➢ STRUCTURE OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
➢ IMPORTANT GOALS
➢ PRIMARY & SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION
➢ SPACERS
➢ POWER CABLES
➢ CORONA DISCHARGE
➢ CONCLUSION
➢ Electric power distribution
is the final stage in the
delivery of electric power
➢ It carries electricity from
the transmission system to
individual consumers(i.e
loads).
❖ Earlier, distributed system where passive in
nature , because in absence of energy
sources.
❖ However, nowadays distribution system are
transitioning from passive to active due to
presence of various distributed energy
sources ( like solar photo-voltaic system, small
wind generators, etc )
The first power distribution system developed by Thomas Edison in 1882
in New York City used copper rods, wrapped in jute and placed
in rigid pipes filled with a bituminous compound

Bitumen base filling compounds are ideal materials for cable jointing boxes, filling,
impregnating . It has highest degree of electrical insulation.
 It should be more efficient, losses should be as less as possible
EFFICIENCY

SECURITY POWER
QUALITY

ECONOMY RELIABILITY
Secondary distribution system
Spacer is one of the important
electric power fittings, which is
used to fix power lines and
restrain breeze vibration.
Spacers are used at interval
distances to avoid the elements of
the weather such as wind, rain, etc.
They also provide support for these
conductors which usually run very
high voltages along these lines.
 Power cables may be installed as permanent wiring within buildings, buried in
the ground, run overhead, or exposed.

➨It is easy to repair and maintain.

➨They are not restricted by landscape i.e. they can be easily installed over river or
motorway or hilly regions.
➨Chances of electrocution are less as they run high above the ground.
➨Cheaper to setup compare to underground transmission.

These lines visually pollute the areas where they are installed.
➨These lines suffer from problems such as terrorism, vandalism and lightning etc.
➨Sometimes these lines come in the way of birds and low flying aircrafts or drones which can be
dangerous.
 The phenomenon of ionisation of
surrounding air around the conductor
due to which luminous glow with
hissing noise is rise is known as the
corona effect.

Air acts as a dielectric medium

between the transmission lines. It is
an insulator between the current
carrying conductors.
The electric field intensity also increases because
of the charging current.
The sparking occurs between the conductors till
the complete breakdown of the insulation
properties of conductors takes place.
 APPLICATIONS OF CORONA DISCHARGE
• Removal of unwanted electric charges from the surface of aircraft in flight and thus
avoiding the detrimental effect of uncontrolled electrical discharge pulses on the
performance of avionic systems

• Manufacture of ozone

• Sanitization of pool water

• In an electrostatic precipitator, removal of solid pollutants from a waste gas

stream, or scrubbing particles from air in air-conditioning systems

• Photocopying

• Air ionisers