Experiment No 1

EXPERIMENAL STUDY OF FOUR STROKE PETROL ENGINE

Objective:

To study the different parameters of four stroke petrol engine expediently.

Introduction:

In four stroke cycle engines the four events namely suction, compression, power and exhaust
take place inside the engine cylinder. The four events are completed in four strokes of the piston
or two revolutions of the crank shaft. This engine has overhead valves for controlling the inlet of
charge and outlet of exhaust gases. The opening and closing of the valve are controlled by cams,
fitted on camshaft. The camshaft is driven by crankshaft with the help of suitable gears or chains.
The air in the cylinder is introduced through the suction pump.

Apparatus:

Apparatus for this experiment has three different parts connected with each other.

 An IC Engine
 Versatile Data Acquisition System
 Computer system with Software

Theory:

Efficiency or Performance is the main characteristic of any IC Engine. It depends upon the amount
of fuel consumed by the engine with respect to time at certain speed. If speed is high, engine will
work harder and more fuel will be consumed in less time. In this experiment we will study the
relationship between amount of fuel and time at constant speed and the relationship between
speed of engine and time of fuel consumption with constant fuel amount.

Precautions:

 Do not put anything on the apparatus especially on engine.

 Be at a safe distance from the engine and engine exhaust.
 Make sure that fuel is not leaking from any part of the engine.
 Turn off the fuel input to the engine after the engine is stopped.
 Figure 1: Engine Performance Test Bed

Observations & Table:

Engine Fuel Air & Exhaust

Engine Engine Engine Fuel Fuel Drain Ambient Air Exhaust Gas Air Suction
Speed Torque Power Volume(ml) Time (s) Temperature(K) Temperature(K) Pressure (Pa)
2496 2700 8 35 303 225 21
2675 2925 8 32.4 303 288 49
2700 3051 8 30.2 303 331 52
3003 3427 8 27.4 303 382 66
3214 3720 8 24.6 303 450 88
3500 4025 8 20.4 303 481 97
Table 1: Calculation of Different Parameters
 Note the readings carefully.

Procedure:

 Turn ON the apparatus including data acquisition system and computer system.
 Start the engine with Petrol as fuel connected.
 At certain speed or rpm note the readings from versatile data acquisition system. These
readings include atmospheric temperature, exhaust temperature, suction pressure and
speed of the engine.
 Also note the flow rate of the fuel.
 Now change the speed of the engine and note all the readings again.
 Take minimum six readings at different speeds of engine and make a table of these readings.

Conclusion:

Thus, we noted the different parameters of petrol engine at different engine speeds and made a
table. These readings will be useful in further calculations and we will find volumetric efficiency
at the end.