STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED P.R.B. AT KM. 4.550 OF PREMPUR DY.

DESIGN OF BOX TYPE CULVERT

1 In side diamentions 3.00 m x 1.50 m
2 Super imposed load 0 N/m 3

3 Live load 105000 N/m2

4 Wieght of soil 18000 N/m2
5 Angle of repose 30 Degree
6 Nominal cover top / bottom 50 mm Nominal cover side 50 mm
6 Cocrete M- 30 wt. of concrete 25000 kg/m3
scbc 10 N/m2 m 9
7 Steel 500 Water side sst 240 N/m2 sst 240 N/m2
8 Thickess of side wall 420 mm thickness of side wall is OK
Thickness of top slab 420 mm O.K.
Thickness of bottom slab 420 mm
9 Reinforcement
Top slab Main 20 mm F @ 100 mm c/c
Distribution 8 mm F @ 110 mm c/c
At supports 8 mm F @ 200 mm c/c
Bottom slab Main 20 mm F @ 70 mm c/c
Distribution 8 mm F @ 120 mm c/c
At supports 8 mm F @ 200 mm c/c Through out slab at bottom

Side vertical wall Vertical 20 mm F @ 300 mm c/c Both side O.K.

Distribution 8 mm F @ 110 mm c/c

20 mm F @ 200 mm c/c
8 mm F @ 200 mm C/C
8 mm F @ 110 mm C/c

420

600 20 mm F @
20 mm F @ 100 mm C/C
300 mm C/C

1.50

8 mm F @
110 mm C/C

20 mm F @
70 mm c/c

420

20 mm F @ 8 mm F @ 8 mm F @
140 mm c/c 200 mm C/C 110 mm C/c
420 3.00 420
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED P.R.B. AT KM. 4.550 OF PREMPUR DY.
DESIGN OF BOX TYPE CULVERT
1 In side diamentions 3 x 1.5 m
2 Super imposed load 0 N/m3
3 Live load 105000 N/m2
4 Wieght of soil 18000 N/m2 wt. of water 9800 N/m3
5 Angle of repose 30 Degree
6 Nominal cover top/bottom 50 mm Nominal cover Side 50 mm
6 Cocrete M- 30 wt. of concrete 25000 N/m3
scbc 10 N/m2 m 10
7 Steel Fy 500 Out side sst 240 N/m2
water side side sst 240 N/m2
1 Solution Genral
For the purpose of design , one metre length of the box is considered.
The analysis is done for the following cases.
(I) Live load, dead load and earth prssure acting , with no water pressure from inside.
(II) Live and dead load on top and earth pressure acting from out side, and water pressure acting from inside,
with no live load on sides
(III) Dead load and earth pressure acting from out side and water pressure from in side.

Let the thicness of Horizontal slab 420 mm = 0.42 m

Vertical wall thicness 420 mm = 0.42 m
Effective slab span 3 + 0.42 = 3.42 m
Effective Height of wall 1.5 + 0.42 = 1.92 m

2 Case 1 : Dead and live load from out side of while no water pressure from inside.
Self weight og top slab = 0.42 x 1 x 1 x 25000 = 10500 N/m2
Live load and dead load = 105000 + 0 = 105000 N/m2
Total load on top = 115500 N/m2
Weight of side wall = 1.92 x 0.42 x 25000 = 20160 N/m
\ Upward soil reaction at base = ( 115500 x 3.42 )+( 2 x 20160 )=
127289.4737 N/m2
3.42
1 - sin 30 1 - 0.5 0.5 1
Ka = = = = = 0.33
1 + sin 30 1 + 0.5 1.5 3
\ Latral pressure due to dead load and live load = Pv x Ka
p = 105000 x 0.3333 = 35000 N/m2
Latral pressure due to soil Ka x w x h = 0.3333 x 18000 h = 6000 h
Hence total pressure = 35000 + 6000 h
Latral presure intencity at top = 35000 N/m2
Latral pressure intencity at bottom = 35000 + 6000 x 1.92 = 46520 N/m2
w = 115500 N/m 2

Fig 1 show the box culvert 35000 35000

frame ABCD, along with the external A E B
loads, Due to symmetry, half of frame
(i.e. AEFD) of box culvert is
considered for moment distribution. h 3.42
Since all the members have uniform 35000 1.92
thickness, and uniform diamentions, 6000 h
the relative stiffness K for AD will be
equal to 1 while the relative stiffness D F C
for AE and DF will be 1/2. 46520 35000 11520
w = 127289.474 N/m2
Fig 1

Distribution factors
At joint A
1.92
For member AB = = 0.36
3.42 + 1.92
3.42
For member AD = = 0.64
1.92 + 3.42
At joint D
3.42
For member DA = = 0.64
1.92 + 3.42
1.92
For member DC = = 0.36
 For member DC = = 0.36
1.92 + 3.42

wL2 115500 x 1.92 2=

Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= = -35481.6 N-m
 Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= = -35481.6 N-m
12 12

Mfdc=
wL2 1E+05 x 1.92 2=
+ = 39103.32632 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + +
12 15

MFAD = +
35000 x 1.92 2
+ 11520 x 1.92 1.92
x = 12168 N-m
12 2 15
pL2 WL
MFDA = - -
12 15

MFDA = -
35000 x 1.92 2-
- 11520 x 1.92 1.92
x = -10752 -2123 = -12875
12 2 10
The Moment distribution is carried out as illustrate in table
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 22778 115500 22778
39103.326 -12875 12168 -35482 65590
The moment distribution carried out as per table 1 for case 1
Joint D A 110880 110880
Member DC DA AD AB 65590
22778
Distribution factore 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 35000 146089
Fix end moment 39103.326 -12875 12168 -35482 A A
Balance -9430 -16798 14931 8382 22778 0.96
Carry over 7466 -8399
###
balance -2684 -4781 5379 3020 1.92 m
Carry over 2690 -2391
balance -967 -1722 1531 860 25607 0.96
Carry over 766 -861 11520 D D
balance -275 -490 552 310 46520 73810 160497
25607
Carry over 276 -245
balance -99 -177 157 88 217665 217665
Carry over 79 -88 73810
balance -28 -50 57 32
Carry over 28 -25 127289
balance -10 -18 16 9 Fig 2
Carry over 8 -9
balance -3 -5 6 3
Final moment 25607 -25607 22778 -22778

For horizontal slab AB, carrying UDL @ 115500 N/m2.

Vertical reactionat a and B = 0.5 x 115500 x 1.92 = 110880 N/m2
Similarly, for the Bottom slab DC carrying U.D.L.loads @ 1E+05 N/m2
Vertical reaction at D and C = 0.5 x 127289 x 3.42 = 217665 N
The body diagram for various members, including loading, B.M. And reactions are shown in fig.2
For the vertical member AD, the horizontal reaction at A is found by taking moments at D.Thus
( -ha x 3.42 )+ 22778 - 25607 + 35000 x 3.42 x 3.42 x 1/2
+ 1/2 x 11520 x 3.42 x 3.42 x 1/3
-ha x 3.42 + -2829 + 204687 + 22457.088
From which, ha = 65590
Hence , hd =( 35000 + 46520 )x 3.42 - 65590 = 73810 N
2
115500 x 3.42 2
=
Free B.M. at mid point E = 168867 N-m
8
Net B.M. at E = 168867 - 22778 = 146089 N-m
127289.473684211 x 3.42 2=
Similarly, free B.M. at F = 186103.575 N -m
8
Net B.M. at F = 186103.575 - 25607 = 160497 N-m
For vertical member AD , Simply supported B.M. At mid span
35000 x 3.42 2
+
Simply supporetd at mid sapn = 1/16 x 11520 x 3.42 =
2
59593
8
25607 + 22778
Net B.M. = = 24193 - 59593 = -35401 N-m
2
3 Case 2 : Dead load and live load from out side and water pressure from inside.
In this case , water pressure having an intensity of zero at A and 9800 x 1.92 = 18816 N/m2
At D, is acting, in addition to the pressure considered
in case 1. The various pressures are marked in fig
3 .The vertical walls will thus be subjected to a net w = 115500 N/m2
latral pressure of 35000 35000 35000
Itensity = 35000 N/m2 At the Top A E B 7296

Net latral pressure diagram

And = 46520 - 18816
= 27704 N/m2 at the bottom 3.42
1.92

D F C
46520 46520 27704
w = 127289.474 N/m2
Fig 3
wL2 = 115500 x 3.42 2=
Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= -112577.85 N - m
12 12

Mfdc=
wL2 1E+05 x 3.42 2=
= 124069.05 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + +
12 10

MFAD = +
27704 x 3.42 +
2
7296 x 3.42 3.42
x = 31270 N-m
12 2 10
pL2 WL
MFDA = - -
12 15

MFDA = -
27704 x 3.42
- 7296 x 2
3.42 3.42
x = -29848 N -m
12 2 15
The moment distribution is carrired out as illustred in table.
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 67921 115500 67921
124069.05 -29848 31270 -112578 27113
The moment distribution carried out as per table 1 for case 1
Joint D A 110880 110880
Member DC DA AD AB
67921
Distribution factore 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 35000 27113 -14698
Fix end moment 124069.05 -29848 31270 -112578 A A
Balance -33877 -60344 52074 29234 67921 0.96
Carry over 26037 -30172
57461
balance -9362 -16675 19324 10848 1.92
Carry over 9662 -8338
balance -3474 -6188 5340 2998 75895 0.96
Carry over 2670 -3094 27704 D D
balance -960 -1710 1982 1112 33083 -17240
75895
Carry over 991 -855
balance -356 -635 548 307 122198 122198
Carry over 274 -317 33083
balance -98 -175 203 114
Carry over 102 -88 127289
balance -37 -65 56 32 Fig 4
Carry over 28 -33
balance -10 -18 21 12
Final moment 75895 -75895 67921 -67921

For horizontal slab AB, carrying UDL @ 115500 N/m2.

Vertical reactionat a and B = 0.5 x 115500 x 1.92 = 110880 N/m2
Similarly, for the Bottom slab DC carrying U.D.L.loads @ ### N/m2
Vertical reaction at D and C = 0.5 x 127289 x 1.92 = 122197.894737 N
The body diagram for various members, including loading, B.M. And reactions are shown in fig.3
For the vertical member AD, the horizontal reaction at A is found by taking moments at D.Thus
( -ha x 1.92 )+ 67921 - 75895 + 27704 x 1.92 x 1.92 x 1/2
+ 1/2 x 7296 x 1.92 x 1.92 x 2/3
-ha x 1.92 + -7974 + 51064.013 + 8965.3248
From which, ha = 27113
 Hence , hd =( 27704 + 35000 )x 1.92 - 27113 = 33083 N
2
115500 x 1.92 2
=
Free B.M. at mid point E = 53223 N-m
8
Net B.M. at E = 53223 - 67921 = -14698 N-m
127289 x 1.92 2=
Similarly, free B.M. at F = 58654.98947 N -m
8
Net B.M. at F = 58654.9894736842 - 75895 = -17240 N-m
For vertical member AD , Simply supported B.M. At mid span
27704 x 1.92 2
+
Simply supporetd at mid sapn = 1/16 x 7296 x 1.92 2
= 14447
8
75895 + 67921
Net B.M. = = 71908 - 14447 = 57461 N-m
2

4 Case 3 : Dead load and live load on top water pressure from inside no live load on side.
in this case, it is assume that there is no latral oressure due to live load . As before .
The top slab is subjected to a load of '= 115500 N/m2
and the bottom slab is subjected to a load w = 115500 N/m2
Itensity = 127289 N/m2 0 0

Net latral pressure diagram

Lateral pressure due to dead load = A E B 0

1/3 x 0 = 0 N/m 2

Lateral pressure due to soil = 3.42

1/3 x 18000 = 6000 N/m2 1.92

Hence earth pressure at depth h is =

0 + 6000 h D F C
11520 11520 7296
Earth pressure intensity at top = 0 N/m2 18816 w= 127289.474 N/m2 18816
Fig 5
Earth pressure intensity at Bottom= 0 + 6000 x 1.92 = 11520 N/m2
In addition to these, the vertical wall lslab subjectednto water pressure of intensity ZERO at top and 18816
N/m2 at Bottom, acting from inside . The lateral pressure on vertical walls Is shown in fig 5 and 6

wL2 115500 x 3.42 2=

Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= = -112577.85 N - m
12 12

Mfdc=
wL2 1E+05 x 3.42 2=
= 124069.05 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + -
12 15

MFAD = +
0 x 3.42 -
2
7296 x 3.42 3.42
x = -2845 N-m
12 2 15
pL2 WL 0 - 2845
MFDA = - +
12 10

MFDA = -
0 x 3.42
- 7296 x2
3.42 3.42
x = 4267 N -m
12 2 10
The moment distribution is carrired out as illustred in table.
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 49879 115500 49879
124069.05 4267 -2845 -112578 =
The moment distribution carried out as per table 1 for case 1
Joint D A 110880 110880
Member DC DA AD AB
49879
Distribution factore 0.36 0.64 0.64 0.36 0 118988
Fix end moment 124069.05 4267 -2845 -112578 A A
Balance -46143 -82193 73922 41500 49879 0.96
Carry over 36961 -41096
59200
balance -13289 -23672 26320 14776 1.92
Carry over 13160 -11836
balance -4732 -8428 7580 4256 57853 0.96
Carry over 3790 -4214 0 D D
balance -1363 -2427 2699 1515 7296 128251
57853
Carry over 1349 -1214
balance -485 -864 777 436 122198 122198
 Carry over 389 -432 6488
balance -140 -249 277 155
Carry over 138 -124 127289
balance -50 -89 80 45 Fig 4
Carry over 40 -44
balance -14 -26 28 16
Final moment 57853 -57853 49879 -49879

For horizontal slab AB, carrying UDL @ 115500 N/m2.

Vertical reactionat a and B = 0.5 x 115500 x 1.92 = 110880 N
Similarly, for the Bottom slab DC carrying U.D.L.loads @ N/m2 ###
Vertical reaction at D and C = 0.5 x 127289 x 1.92 = 122197.894737 N
The body diagram for various members, including loading, B.M. And reactions are shown in fig.6
For the vertical member AD, the horizontal reaction at A is found by taking moments at D.Thus
( ha x 1.92 )+ 49879 - 57853 + 0 x 1.92 x 1.92 x 1/2
- 1/2 x 7296 x 1.92 x 1.92 x 1/3
-ha x 1.92 + -7974 + 0 - 4483
From which, ha = 6488
Hence , hd =( 7296 x 1.92 )- 0 x 1.92 - 6488 = 516.16
2
115500 x 3.42 2
=
Free B.M. at mid point E = 168867 N-m
8
Net B.M. at E = 168867 - 49879 = 118988 N-m
127289 x 3.42 2=
Similarly, free B.M. at F = 186103.575 N -m
8
Net B.M. at F = 186103.575 - 57853 = 128251 N-m
For vertical member AD , Simply supported B.M. At mid span
0 x 3.42 2+
Simply supporetd at mid sapn = 1/16 x 7296 x 3.42 =
2
5333.6
8
57853 + 49879
Net B.M. = = 53866 + 5334 = 59200 N-m
2

5 Design of top slab :

Mid section
The top slab is subjected to following values of B.M. and direct force
Case B.M. at Center (E) B.M. at ends (A) Direct force (ha)
(i) 146089 22778 65590
(II) -14698 67921 27113
(II) 118988 49879 6488

The section will be design for maximum B.M. = 146089 N -m

for water side force
sst = = 150 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3
scbc = = 10 N/mm 2
wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
m = 10 for water side force
m*c 10 x 10
k= = = 0.400 K = 0.400
m*c+sst 10 x 10 + 150
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.400 / 3 = 0.867 J = 0.867
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 10 x 0.87 x 0.400 = 1.733 R = 1.733
Provide over all thickness = 420 mm so effective thicknesss = 370 mm
Mr = R . B .D2 = 1.733 x 1000 x 370 2
= 237293334 > 146089000 O.K.
146089000 = 3037 mm2
Ast = BMx100/sstxjxD=
150 x 0.867 x 370
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using ### mm F bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = Ax1000/Ast 314 x 1000 / 3037 = 103 say = 100 mm
Hence Provided 20 mm F Bars @ 100 mm c/c
Acual Ast provided 1000 x 314 / 100 = 3140 mm2
Bend half bars up near support at distance of L/5 = 3.42 / 5 = 0.70 m
0.1 x( 420 - 100 %
Area of distributionn steel = 0.3 - = 0.21
450 - 100
Ast = 0.21 x 420 x 10 = 876 mm2 area on each face= ### mm2
 3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm F bars A = = = 50 mm2
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = Ax1000/Ast = 50 x 1000 / 438 = 115 say = 110 mm
Hence Provided ### mm F Bars @ 110 mm c/c on each face
Section at supports :-
Maximum B.M.= 67921 N-m. There is direct compression of 65590 N also.
But it effect is not considered because the slab is actually reinforced both at top and bottom .
Since steel is at top sst = 240 N/mm2 concrete M 20
k = 0.2941 J = 0.902 R= 1.326413
67921000
\ Ast = = 849 mm2
240 x 0.901960784 x 370

Area available from the bars bentup from the middle section = 3140 / 2 = 1570 mm2
849 < 1570
Hence these bars will serve the purpose. However, provide 8 mm dia. Additional bars @ 200 mm c/c

6 Design of bottom slab:

The bottom slab has the following value of B.M. and direct force.
Case B.M. at Center (F) B.M. at ends (D) Direct force (ha)
(i) 160497 25607 73810
(II) -17240 75895 33083
(II) 128251 57853 516

The section will be design for maximum B.M. = 160497 N -m

for water side force
sst = = 150 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3
scbc = = 10 N/mm2 wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
m = 10 for water side force
m*c 10 x 10
k= = = 0.400 K = 0.400
m*c+sst 10 x 10 + 150
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.400 / 3 = 0.867 J = 0.867
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 10 x 0.87 x 0.400 = 1.733 R = 1.733
160496575
\ d = = 305 mm D = 355 mm
1000 x 1.733
Provide thickness of bottom slab D= 360 mm so that d = 310 mm
160496575 = 3983 mm2
Ast = BMx100/sstxjxD=
150 x 0.867 x 310
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using ### mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = Ax1000/Ast 314 x 1000 / 3983 = 79 say = 70 mm
Hence Provided 20 mm F Bars @ 70 mm c/c
Acual Ast provided 1000 x 314 / 70 = 4486 mm2
Bend half bars up near support at distance of L/5 = 3.42 / 5 = 0.70 m
0.1 x( 360 - 100
Area of distributionn steel = 0.3 - = 0.23 %
450 - 100
Ast = 0.23 x 360 x 10 = 813 mm2 area on each face= 407 mm2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50 mm2
4 x100 4
Spacing of Bars = Ax1000/Ast = 50 x 1000 / 407 = 123 say = 120 mm
Hence Provided ### mm F Bars @ 120 mm c/c on each face
Section at supports :-
Maximum B.M.= 75895 N-m. There is direct compression of 73810 N also.
But it effect is not considered because the slab is actually reinforced both at top and bottom .
Since steel is at top sst = 240 N/mm2 concrete M 20
k = 0.2941 J = 0.902 R= 1.326413
75895000
\ Ast = = 1131 mm2
240 x 0.901960784 x 310
Area available from the bars bentup from the middle section = 4486 / 2 = 2243 mm2

1131 < 2242.9 Hence these bars will serve the purpose. However, provide 8 mm dia. Additional bars @ 200 mm c/c

Additional reinforcemet required = -1111.86 mm2

3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50 mm2
4 x100 4
 Spacing of Bars = Ax1000/Ast = 50 x 1000 / -1112 = -45 say = -40 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F Bars @ -40 mm c/c throught out the slab, at its bottom.
ABOVE NOT APPLICABLE

7 Design of side wall:

The side wall has the following value of B.M. and direct force.
Case B.M. at Center (F) B.M. at ends (D) Direct force (ha)
(i) -35401 25607 217665
(II) 57461 75895 122198
(II) 59200 57853 122198

The section will be design for maximum B.M. = 75895 N -m, and direct force = 217665 N
75895 x 1000
Eccentricity = = 349 mm
217665
proposed thickness of side wall '= 420 mm \ e/D 349 / 420 = 0.83 < 1.5 OK
thickness of side wall is OK
Let us reinforce the section with 20 mm F bars @ 300 mm c/c provided on both faces, as shown
in fig xxx . With cover of 50 mm and D = 420 mm
1000 3.14 x 20 x 20
Asc = Ast = x = 1047 mm2
300 4
The depth of N.A. is computed from following expression:
bn D - dt -
n + (m - 1)Asc 1 (n - dc)(D - dt- dc)
3 3 n D
= e+ - dt
b n + (m -1) Asc n - dc D - dt - n 2
- m Ast
n n

1000 n n 1046.667
420 - 50 - + 9 x x n - 50 x -100
or 2 3 n
1000 n+ 1046.666667 1047
9 x x n - 50 - 10 x x 420 - 50 -n
2 n n

n -942000
500 n 370 - + n - 50 x
3 n
= 349 + 160
9420 10467
500 n+ x n - 50 - x 370 - n
n n

-47100000
185000 n - 167 n2 + -942000 -
n
= 509
471000 3872666.6667
500 n + 9420 - - + 10467
n n
multiply by n
185000 n2 - 167 n3 + -942000 n - -47100000
= 509
500 n2 + 9420 n- 471000 - 3872666.6667 + 10467 n

185000 n2 - 167 n3 + -942000 n - -47100000

= 0
254500 n2 + 10122313 n - 2210926333

-69500 n2 - 9180313 n - -2163826333 = 167 n3

-417 n2 + 55082 n - 12982958 = n3

Solwing this trial and error we get, n = 122.36 mm
9 x 1047 10 x 1047
\ c' ( 500 x 122.36 + ( 122.36 - 50 )-
122.36 122.36
x( 420 - 50 - 122.36 )

or 61179 + 76.98663248 x 72.36 - 85.541 x 247.64 = 45567

217665
\ c' = = 4.78 < 10 N/mm2 Stress is less than permissiable
45567
m c' 10 x 4.78
Also stress in steel t = (D-dc-n) = x( 420 - 50 - 122.36 )
n 122.36
= 96.678 N/mm2 < 240 N/mm2 O.K.
Stress in steel is less than permissiable Hence section is O.K.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED P.R.B. AT KM. 4.550 OF PREMPUR DY.

PARTICULERS

DISCHARGE 0.80 CUMECS.

BED WIDTH 2.20 M.
BED LEVEL 109.84
ROAD LEVEL 111.300 M.
WATER DEPTH 0.75 M.
FREE BOARD 0.30 M.
F.S.L. 110.59 M.
ROAD WAY 10.00 M.

GROUND LEVEL U/S 110.313 M.

GROUND LEVEL D/S 109.923 M.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED P.R.B. AT KM. 4.550 OF PREMPUR DY.
Design data
Clear span ℓ 3
Clear height h 1.5
Top slab thickness ttop 0.42
Bottom slab thickness tbottom 0.42
Side wall thickness twall 0.42
Unit weight of concrete 25
Unit weight of soil 18
Unit weight of water 9.8
Total cushion on top 0
Thickness of wearing course tw.c. 0.075
Carriage way width B 10
Concrete grade M-30
Steel grade Fe 500
Live load
Lane Width 10
IRC Class 70R Loading
IRC Class A Loading
All dimensions in M and force in Kn.
WSM design parameters
σcbc = 10 N/MM2
Permissible stress in steel in tension for Fe 500 grade as per IRC: 21 – 2000
240

Lever arm factor J = 0.90

Moment of resistance factor q = 1/2(JK) 1.305

Analysis Load calculation for all members
1. Top slab load calculation
Self weight of Top Slab = ttop X Concrete density = 10.5
Self weight of wearing course = twc. X Concrete density 1.875
Adopt 2.00 KN/M2 As per MOST specifications
Total dead load of top slab = self weight of top slab + self weight of wearing course = 12.50 KN/M2
Live load of top slab
IRC Class 70R Loading
Effective span L = clear span + thickness of side wall = 3.42
Disperson of load in span direction as per IRC: 112 - 2011
ℓeff. = length of Load (4.57 M.)+ 2 (ttop + tw.c.) = 5.560
Also in case of IRC Class 70R Loading dispersal of train of load 3.42
It should not more than the effective span L so L ef = 3.42
Dispersal of load traverse to span direction as per IRC: 112 - 2011
bef.= effective width of dispersion = bw
Where beff. = effective width of dispersion
α= A constant depend B/L ratio
B= Lane width
L = Effective Span
X = Distance of center of gravity of load from the nearest support
bw = Width of concentrated area of load = Width of tyre + 2(tcu.)
B/L= 3.33
α 2.6 from IRC: 112 - 2011
X= clear span/2 1.71
bw = 0.84+2(0.08) 1.00 M.
bef.= 3.223

Live Load per unit area = 102.3392

Say 105 KN/M2
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PROPOSED P.R.B. AT KM. 4.550 OF PREMPUR DY.
Box culverts

20 mm F @ 200 mm c/c
8 mm F @ 200 mm C/C
8 mm F @ 110 mm C/c

420

600 20 mm F @
20 mm F @ 100 mm C/C
300 mm C/C

1.50

8 mm F @
110 mm C/C

20 mm F @
70 mm c/c

420

20 mm F @ 8 mm F @ 8 mm F @
140 mm c/c 200 mm C/C 110 mm C/c
420 3.00 420
 Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS
Grade of co M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Tensile
stress 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
N/mm2

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Grade of plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
Bending acbc Direct (acc)
concrete
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

Grade of co M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular ra 31 19 13 11 9 8 7
(31.11) (18.67) (13.33) (10.98) (9.33) (8.11) (7.18)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 Grade of concrete M
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13 t
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst =
jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
140
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254
(Fe 250) P (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
c

kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329

(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
190 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289
(c ) sst =
jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904
230
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816
Shear stress tc Reiforcement % Value of angle
100As 100As Degree sin cos tan
M-20 M-20
bd bd 10 0.17 0.98 0.18
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 11 0.19 0.98 0.19
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 12 0.21 0.98 0.21
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 13 0.23 0.97 0.23
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 14 0.24 0.97 0.25
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 15 0.26 0.97 0.27
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 16 0.28 0.96 0.29
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 17 0.29 0.96 0.31
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 18 0.31 0.95 0.32
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 19 0.33 0.95 0.34
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 20 0.34 0.94 0.36
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 21 0.36 0.93 0.38
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 22 0.37 0.93 0.40
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 23 0.39 0.92 0.42
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 24 0.41 0.92 0.45
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 25 0.42 0.91 0.47
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 30 0.50 0.87 0.58
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 35 0.57 0.82 0.70
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 40 0.64 0.77 0.84
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 45 0.71 0.71 1.00
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 50 0.77 0.64 1.19
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 55 0.82 0.57 1.43
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 60 0.87 0.50 1.73
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 65 0.91 0.42 2.14
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25
0.5 0.30
0.51 0.30
0.52 0.30
0.53 0.30
0.54 0.30
0.55 0.31
0.56 0.31
0.57 0.31
0.58 0.31
0.59 0.31
 0.6 0.32
0.61 0.32
0.62 0.32
0.63 0.32
0.64 0.32
0.65 0.33
0.66 0.33
0.67 0.33
0.68 0.33
0.69 0.33
0.7 0.34
0.71 0.34
0.72 0.34
0.73 0.34
0.74 0.34
0.75 0.35
0.76 0.35
0.77 0.35
0.78 0.35
0.79 0.35
0.8 0.35
0.81 0.35
0.82 0.36
0.83 0.36
0.84 0.36
0.85 0.36
0.86 0.36
0.87 0.36
0.88 0.37
0.89 0.37
0.9 0.37
0.91 0.37
0.92 0.37
0.93 0.37
0.94 0.38
0.95 0.38
0.96 0.38
0.97 0.38
0.98 0.38
0.99 0.38
1.00 0.39
1.01 0.39
1.02 0.39
1.03 0.39
1.04 0.39
1.05 0.39
1.06 0.39
1.07 0.39
1.08 0.4
1.09 0.4
1.10 0.4
1.11 0.4
1.12 0.4
1.13 0.4
1.14 0.4
1.15 0.4
1.16 0.41
1.17 0.41
1.18 0.41
1.19 0.41
1.20 0.41
1.21 0.41
1.22 0.41
1.23 0.41
1.24 0.41
1.25 0.42
1.26 0.42
1.27 0.42
1.28 0.42
1.29 0.42
1.30 0.42
1.31 0.42
1.32 0.42
1.33 0.43
1.34 0.43
1.35 0.43
1.36 0.43
1.37 0.43
1.38 0.43
1.39 0.43
1.40 0.43
1.41 0.44
1.42 0.44
1.43 0.44
1.44 0.44
1.45 0.44
1.46 0.44
1.47 0.44
1.48 0.44
1.49 0.44
1.50 0.45
1.51 0.45
1.52 0.45
1.53 0.45
1.54 0.45
1.55 0.45
1.56 0.45
1.57 0.45
1.58 0.45
1.59 0.45
1.60 0.45
1.61 0.45
1.62 0.45
1.63 0.46
1.64 0.46
1.65 0.46
1.66 0.46
1.67 0.46
1.68 0.46
1.69 0.46
1.70 0.46
1.71 0.46
1.72 0.46
1.73 0.46
1.74 0.46
1.75 0.47
1.76 0.47
1.77 0.47
1.78 0.47
1.79 0.47
1.80 0.47
1.81 0.47
1.82 0.47
1.83 0.47
1.84 0.47
1.85 0.47
1.86 0.47
1.87 0.47
1.88 0.48
1.89 0.48
1.90 0.48
1.91 0.48
1.92 0.48
1.93 0.48
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Table 3.1. Permissible shear stress Table t c in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tc N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Table 3.2. Facor k

Over all depth of slab 300 or more 275 250 225 200 175 150 or less
k 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30

Table 3.3. Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5

Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table t bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
tbd (N / mm2 -- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3

Table 3.5. Development Length in tension

Grade of Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

concrete tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
M 15 0.6 58 0.96 60
M 20 0.8 44 1.28 45
M 25 0.9 39 1.44 40
M 30 1 35 1.6 36
M 35 1.1 32 1.76 33
M 40 1.2 29 1.92 30
M 45 1.3 27 2.08 28
M 50 1.4 25 2.24 26
 Value of angle
tan Degree sin cos
0.18 10 0.17 0.98
0.19 11 0.19 0.98
0.21 12 0.21 0.98
0.23 13 0.23 0.97
0.25 14 0.24 0.97
0.27 15 0.26 0.97
0.29 16 0.28 0.96
0.31 17 0.29 0.96
0.32 18 0.31 0.95
0.34 19 0.33 0.95
0.36 20 0.34 0.94
0.38 21 0.36 0.93
0.40 22 0.37 0.93
0.42 23 0.39 0.92
0.45 24 0.41 0.92
0.47 25 0.42 0.91
0.58 30 0.50 0.87
0.70 35 0.57 0.82
0.84 40 0.64 0.77
1.00 45 0.71 0.71
1.19 50 0.77 0.64
1.43 55 0.82 0.57
1.73 60 0.87 0.50
2.14 65 0.91 0.42
150 or less

456-2000)
50
1.4