EGG-SHELL MEMBRANE AS A NEW SOURCE OF HYALURONIC ACID

FOR ORTHODONTIC OPEN GINGIVAL EMBRASURES CASES : IN VIVO

STUDY WITH A GUINEA PIGS MODEL

Durrotun Nafi’isah, Hanin Fairuz Salsabila, Fortuna Devi Putri Sina

Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Abstract. Improper tissue alteration may occur during the orthodontic treatment.
One such condition is opening gingival embrasures (OGE) or called Black
Triangle, which is defined as the loss of papillae beneath contact point affecting
the smile appearance and leads to functional problems. Hyaluronic acid (HA), is a
bio material contributing in periodontal tissue healing. A recent study revealed
that Egg-Shell Membrane (ESM) contained the highest level of HA in about 0,5-
10%. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of HA from ESM
against OGE following orthodontic treatment. A total of 24 males Cavia cobaya
was divided into 2 large groups, Control (PBS) and Treatment (HA 10% from
ESM). They were divided again based on the repetition of application which are
1, 2, and 3 times. The data collected were OGE measurement and sum of
angiogenesis and collagen synthesis which then analyzed using One-Way ANOVA,
separately. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis
succesfully identified the functional groups of of HA including –OH band, the –
COOH band the C–O–C saccharide unit from ESM. Overall, the treatment group
showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement in comparison with the control.
Interestingly, the treatment group with 2 times repetition showed the most
significant (P < 0.05) result of both clinical and histological than 1 and 3 times
repetition, indicating complete closures of OGE and elevated angiogenesis and
collagen synthesis. The results proved that HA from ESM has the potential effect
to enhance the regeneration process against OGE following orthodontic treatment.

Keywords: Orthodontic treatment, interdental papillae, opening gingival

embrasures, hyaluronic acid, egg-shell membranes