OTN

STUDY GROUP 15

AT E F E H K H AT I R I
&
N A S TA R A N N I K O U I E N E J A D
Why OTN?

•Bandwidth Explosion by Video & Cloud &Device

•The emergence of new broadband services

•The growing service granularity

•Grooming of big granularity

SONET/SDH Limitations

 Multi Carrier and Multi Service Networking using SONET/SDH is

limited
 Transparency – SONET/SDH can only network SDH/SONET payloads , not clear channel
SDH/SONET signal
 Tandem Connection Monitoring – SONET/SDH TCM provides only limited SLA verification and
fault sectionalization across multi carrier connections

 SONET/SDH limits switching/grooming capacity required to support

dramatic growth of service in the core
 Scalability
WDM Limitations

 Simple transport, no monitoring or client specific non intrusive

monitoring
additional client type implies additional monitor
 AIS specific per client type
additional client type implies additional AIS
 Simple protection
What is OTN?

 OTN=WDM + SDH + Intelligence

What is OTN?

 Developed by ITU
 Where is OTN standardized for?

 Inter-domain interface (IrDI);

 Intra-domain interface (IaDI).

 Different operators or different Vendors within the same Operator.

OTN topology

 Point-to point
1.Unidirectional
2.Bidirectional

 Point-to-multipoint
OTN advantages :

• Stronger Forward Error Correction

• More Levels of Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)
• Transparent Transport of Client Signals
• Switching Scalability
• Combined with Intelligent Control Plane

Disadvantaged
 Requires new hardware and management system
 FEC (Forward Error Correction)

 Reed-Solomon 16 byte-interleaved FEC scheme is

defined (4x256 bytes of check information per
ODU frame)
 RS(n,k) ;
n=total number of symbols per codewoed=255
k=number of information symbols=239
t= (n-k)/2 number of corrected symbols t=8
FEC Applications

 effective OSNR and dispersion,(6.2 dB improvement in

SNR)
 Increase the maximum span length and/or the number of
spans
 Increase the number of DWDM channels in a DWDM
system
 optical path can cross more transparent optical network
elements(WSS, PXC,OADM).(Mesh networks)
Quality of Service (QoS)

 Qos defines by Q factor

 Q factor is derived from the measurement of the
eye-pattern signal
 Q factor is defined as the ratio of peak-to-peak signal
to total noise
TCM
TCM

 Six levels of TCM applications:

 segment protection,

 administrative domain monitoring,

 service monitoring, fault localization

 verification of delivered quality of service

 delay/latency measurements

 adjacency discovery.
OTN Hierarchy
OTN Network Layers
OTN Frame

1 4080

4
OTN Frame

3825

4080
3824
14
15
16
17
1

7
8

OTUk
1 Alignm OH

2 OPUk OH Client Signal

OTUk
mapped
OPU in
k Payload
ODUk FEC
3 OPUk Payload
4

Client Signal

OPUk - Optical Channel Payload Unit

ODUk - Optical Channel Data Unit k indicates the order:

1 2.5G
OTUk - Optical Channel Transport Unit 2 10G
3 40G
Alignment
OTU, ODU, OPU Bit Rates

STM-1 at 155.520 Mbit/s

STM-4 at 622.080 Mbit/s
STM-16 at 2.488.320 Mbit/s
STM-64 at 9.953.280 Mbit/s
Multiplex - Structure

x1 x1 Client Signal
OTU3[V] ODU3 OPU3
x1 x 16
ODTUG3
x4
x1 Client Signal
x1 ODU2 OPU2
OTU2[V]
x1
ODTUG2
x4

x1 ODU1 x1 Client
OTU1[V] OPU1
Signal

Multiplexing Mapping
Multiplex - Structure
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