Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
WHAT IS PRECAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE?
PRECAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE is an Actually, prestressing is quite simple. High tensile
architectural and structural material possessing great strands are stretched between abutments at each end of
strength. Specifically, PRESTRESSED CONCRETE has long casting beds. Concrete is then poured into the
unique characteristics that allow pre-determined, forms encasing the strands. As the concrete sets, it
engineered stresses to be placed in members to bonds to the tensioned steel. When the concrete
counteract stresses that occur when the unit is subjected reaches a specified strength, the strands are released
to service loads. This is accomplished by combining the from the abutments. This compresses the concrete,
best properties of two quality materials: high strength arches the members, and creates a built-in resistance to
concrete for compression and high tensile strength steel service loads.
strands for tension.
Under service loads, the bottom of the beam will develop The internal upward force along the length of the beam
hairline cracks. counteracts the external service loads applied to the
member.
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TOTAL STRUCTURES
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PREFACE TO PRODUCT LOAD TABLES
The following pages contain load tables for the standard products available from Coreslab Structures (ARIZ) Inc. Load
capacities are in conformance with the American Concrete Institute "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
(ACI 318-05)". However, values given in the tables are intended for preliminary member selections, not final designs.
These values assume that the safe superimposed load is composed of 60% dead load and 40% live load.
In some cases, loads in excess of those shown can be accommodated by modifying the general parameters such as
concrete strength and/or reinforcing patterns.
GENERAL NOTATION
Width of Precast Depth of Precast Description
Section (ft) Section (in) of Section
FLEXURAL MEMBERS
In general, maximum spans shown for the various prestressing conditions will result in an upward camber under dead
load, after loss of prestress has occurred. Roof deflection, however, should always be checked. It is recommended that
a positive slope always be provided for roofs. Whenever span-to-depth ratio exceeds 30 for double tees a positive roof
slope is essential to preclude ponding. Also, see the 2006 Edition “International Building Code” IBC.
The required depth of a beam or slab is influenced by the ratio of live load to total load. When this ratio is high, deeper
sections may be needed.
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DOUBLE TEES FOR FLOOR AND ROOF
24" DOUBLE TEES—10' WIDE Section Non-
10'-0" Properties Composite Composite
2'-6" 5'-0" 2'-6" A (in2) 475 763
4
6.25" 3.25" Topping 1 (in ) 24799 37247
2"
22"
26"
30"
5
28" DOUBLE TEES—12' WIDE
Section Non-
12'-0"
3'-0" 6'-0" 3'-0" Properties Composite Composite
5.75" A (in2) 535 865.926
3.25" Topping
1 (in4)
2"
36580.04 52230.87
yb (in) 20.9576 24.27
St (in3) 5194.28 *14002.87
3
Sb (in ) 1745.43 2152.08
28"
26"
10" 2
No Topping A (in ) 960
4
1 (in ) 22500
yb (in) 30.6
St (in3) 11634
Sb (in3) 7376
Normal Weight 125 psf
(150 pcf) 1000 plf
50"
48"
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 26IT24 24 469
26IT24 6.9 5.6 4.7 3.9 3.3 2.8 26IT28 28 519
26IT28 9.5 7.8 6.5 5.4 4.6 3.9 3.4 26IT32 32 569
26IT32 12.6 10.3 8.6 7.3 6.2 5.3 4.6 4.0 3.5 26IT36 36 619
26IT36 16.2 13.2 11.0 9.3 7.9 6.8 5.9 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.6 26IT40 40 669
26IT40 20.0 16.4 13.8 11.6 9.9 8.6 7.4 6.5 5.7 5.1 4.5 26IT44 44 719
26IT44 24.3 20.0 16.7 14.1 12.1 10.5 9.2 8.0 7.1 6.3 5.6
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 26IT23 23 456
26IT23 12.0 9.9 8.2 7.0 5.9 5.1 4.5 3.9 3.4 26IT27 27 506
26IT27 15.0 13.0 10.8 9.2 7.8 6.8 5.9 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.6 26IT31 31 556
26IT31 18.9 15.8 13.2 11.1 9.5 8.2 7.2 6.3 5.6 4.9 4.4 26IT35 35 606
26IT35 22.5 19.3 16.2 13.7 11.7 10.1 8.9 7.8 6.9 6.1 5.5 26IT39 39 656
26IT39 27.5 22.6 18.9 16.0 13.7 11.9 10.4 9.1 8.1 7.2 6.4 26IT43 43 706
26IT43 30.4 25.3 21.2 18.0 15.4 13.3 11.6 10.2 9.1 8.1 7.2
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PRESTRESSED INVERTED TEE BEAMS
Non-Composite IT Beam - 16 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 26IT28 28 575
26IT28 9.3 7.6 6.3 5.3 4.5 3.8 3.3 26IT32 32 625
26IT32 12.6 10.3 8.6 7.2 6.1 5.3 4.5 3.9 3.5 26IT36 36 675
26IT36 16.3 13.4 11.1 9.4 8.0 6.9 6.0 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.6 26IT40 40 725
26IT40 20.0 16.4 13.6 11.5 9.8 8.5 7.4 6.4 5.7 5.0 4.5 26IT44 44 775
26IT44 23.8 19.5 16.3 13.8 11.8 10.2 8.8 7.7 6.8 6.1 5.4 26IT48 48 825
26IT48 27.9 22.9 19.1 16.2 13.9 12.0 10.4 9.1 8.1 7.2 6.4
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 26IT27 27 563
26IT27 15.5 12.9 10.8 9.1 7.8 6.7 5.8 5.1 4.5 4.0 3.6 26IT31 31 613
26IT31 19.4 16.2 13.5 11.5 9.8 8.5 7.4 6.5 5.7 5.1 4.5 26IT35 35 663
26IT35 23.1 19.8 16.5 14.0 12.0 10.4 9.0 7.9 7.0 6.2 5.6 26IT39 39 713
26IT39 27.7 23.7 19.8 16.8 14.4 12.4 10.9 9.5 8.4 7.5 6.7 26IT43 43 763
26IT43 32.0 27.3 22.9 19.4 16.6 14.4 12.6 11.0 9.8 8.7 7.8 26IT47 47 813
26IT47 36.9 31.2 26.1 22.1 19.0 16.4 14.4 12.6 11.2 10.0 8.9
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PRESTRESSED ELL BEAMS
Non-Composite ELL Beam - 12 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 19LB24 24 384
19LB24 5.9 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.6 19LB28 28 434
19LB28 7.6 6.9 6.2 5.5 4.8 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.4 19LB32 32 484
19LB32 9.2 8.5 7.8 7.0 6.3 5.6 5.0 4.5 3.9 3.4 2.8 19LB36 36 534
19LB36 11.1 10.2 9.4 8.5 7.7 6.8 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.4 3.8 19LB40 40 584
19LB40 13.0 12.0 10.9 9.9 8.8 7.8 7.2 6.5 5.9 5.2 4.6 19LB44 44 634
19LB44 14.9 13.8 12.6 11.5 10.3 9.2 8.5 7.7 7.0 6.3 5.6
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 19LB23 23 375
19LB23 5.8 5.3 4.8 4.3 3.8 3.3 2.9 2.4 19LB27 27 425
19LB27 7.5 6.9 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.2 19LB31 31 475
19LB31 8.8 8.1 7.4 6.7 6.1 5.4 4.9 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.2 19LB35 35 525
19LB35 10.5 9.7 8.9 8.1 7.3 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.1 19LB39 39 575
19LB39 12.3 11.3 10.4 9.5 8.5 7.6 7.0 6.5 5.9 5.3 4.8 19LB43 43 625
19LB43 14.2 13.1 12.0 10.9 9.8 8.7 8.1 7.5 6.9 6.4 5.8
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PRESTRESSED ELL BEAMS
Non-Composite ELL Beam - 16 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 19LB27 27 454
19LB27 7.4 6.8 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.5 3.0 19LB31 31 504
19LB31 9.1 8.3 7.6 6.9 6.2 5.6 5.1 4.5 3.9 3.3 19LB35 35 554
19LB35 10.9 10.1 9.2 8.4 7.6 6.8 6.2 5.7 5.2 4.7 4.2 19LB39 39 604
19LB39 12.8 11.8 10.8 9.8 8.8 7.9 7.3 6.8 6.2 5.7 5.2 19LB43 43 654
19LB43 14.8 13.6 12.4 11.3 10.1 9.0 8.4 7.8 7.2 6.6 6.0
19LB47 47 704
19LB47 16.7 15.3 14.0 12.7 11.4 10.1 9.4 8.7 8.0 7.3 6.6
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PRESTRESSED JUMBO INVERTED TEE BEAMS
Non-Composite Jumbo IT Beam - 12 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 32IT23 23 606
32IT23 6.0 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.2 1.9 32IT27 27 681
32IT27 9.0 7.9 6.8 5.8 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.4 32IT31 31 756
32IT31 11.4 10.1 8.8 7.6 6.8 6.1 5.3 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.4 32IT35 35 831
32IT35 14.8 13.1 11.4 9.8 8.8 7.9 6.9 6.0 5.4 4.9 4.4 32IT39 39 906
32IT39 18.0 15.9 13.9 11.9 10.7 9.6 8.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 5.4 32IT43 43 981
32IT43 21.4 19.0 16.6 14.2 12.9 11.6 10.3 9.0 8.2 7.4 6.6
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PRESTRESSED JUMBO INVERTED TEE BEAMS
Non-Composite Jumbo IT Beam - 16 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 32IT27 27 740
32IT27 8.8 7.7 6.6 5.6 5.0 4.5 3.9 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.4 32IT31 31 815
32IT31 11.8 10.4 9.1 7.8 7.0 6.2 5.4 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.4 32IT35 35 890
32IT35 15.0 13.3 11.6 10.0 9.0 8.1 7.1 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.4 32IT39 39 965
32IT39 18.6 16.4 14.3 12.2 11.1 10.0 8.9 7.8 7.0 6.3 5.6 32IT43 43 1040
32IT43 22.2 19.6 17.1 14.6 13.2 11.9 10.5 9.2 8.4 7.6 6.8
32IT47 47 1115
32IT47 26.0 23.0 20.1 17.2 15.6 14.1 12.5 11.0 10.0 9.1 8.2
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PRESTRESSED JUMBO ELL BEAMS
Non-Composite Jumbo ELL Beam - 12 inch Ledge
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 25LB24 24 538
25LB24 5.0 4.0 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.1 1.8 25LB28 28 613
25LB28 7.2 6.3 5.4 4.6 4.1 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 25LB32 32 688
25LB32 9.4 8.3 7.2 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.4 3.1 2.8 25LB36 36 763
25LB36 12.0 10.6 9.2 7.8 7.0 6.3 5.5 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.5 25LB40 40 838
25LB40 14.8 13.0 11.3 9.6 8.7 7.8 6.9 6.0 5.4 4.9 4.4 25LB44 44 913
25LB44 17.0 15.0 13.1 11.2 10.1 9.1 8.0 7.0 6.3 5.6 5.0
Allowable Superimposed Service Load, Kips per Lineal Foot Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
Span(ft) 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 25LB23 23 519
25LB23 5.4 4.7 4.0 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.3 2.0 25LB27 27 594
25LB27 7.6 6.6 5.7 4.8 4.3 3.9 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.0 25LB31 31 669
25LB31 10.0 8.8 7.6 6.4 5.7 5.1 4.4 3.8 3.4 3.1 2.8 25LB35 35 744
25LB35 12.4 10.9 9.4 8.0 7.2 6.5 5.7 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.6 25LB39 39 819
25LB39 15.2 13.4 11.7 10.0 9.0 8.1 7.1 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.4 25LB43 43 894
25LB43 17.8 15.8 13.8 11.8 10.7 9.6 8.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 5.4
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PRESTRESSED JUMBO ELL BEAMS
Non-Composite Jumbo ELL Beam - 16 inch Ledge
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PRESTRESSED SUPER JUMBO INVERTED TEE BEAMS
Non-Composite Super Jumbo IT Beam - 12 or 16inch Ledge
7" 24" 7"
38"
38"
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PRESTRESSED SUPER JUMBO ELL BEAMS
Non-Composite Super Jumbo ELL Beam - 12 or 16 inch Ledge
7" 24" 7"
48.5"
24" 7"
Beam Type Depth (in) Weight (plf)
31SJLB20 20 587
31SJLB24 24 687
½"
31SJLB28 28 787
31SJLB32 32 887
8", 12", 16 31SJLB36 36 987
20", 24" 31SJLB40 40 1087
or 28" 31SJLB44 44 1216
31SJLB48 48 1316
12" or
16"
31"
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PRODUCT ASSEMBLIES
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GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
1. GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION
A. Work Included: These specifications cover precast and B. Product design criteria:
precast/prestressed structural concrete construction, including 1. Loadings for design:
product design not shown on contract drawings, production, a. All dead and live loads as specified on the contract
transportation, erection, and other related items such as drawings.
anchorage, bearing pads, storage and protection of precast b. All other specific member loads, where applicable.
concrete. c. Initial handling and erection stress limits.
B. Related work specified elsewhere: 2. As directed in the contract documents, design calculations
1. Cast-in-place concrete. of products shall be performed by a registered engineer
2. Structural steel. experienced in precast/prestressed concrete design.
3. Miscellaneous steel. 3. Design shall be in accordance with the applicable codes.
4. Waterproofing. C. Permissible design deviations:
5. Sealants and caulking. 1. Design deviations will be permitted only after the
6. Painting. architect/engineer’s written approval. Such deviations may
7. Inserts and fittings to be installed by other trades. also include connections, inserts, etc., enabling producers
to best adapt their procedures. The producer’s proposed
1.02 QUALITY ASSURANCE design shall be supported by complete design calculations
A. Producer qualifications: Certified by the PCI and drawings.
(Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute) Plant Certification 2. Any design deviations shall provide an installation
Program at the time of bidding. Certification shall be in the equivalent to the basic intent without incurring additional
product groups and categories reflecting the scope of the cost to the owner.
project. D. Test reports on concrete and other materials upon request.
B. Erector qualifications: Qualified by the PCI Field
Qualification Program and regularly engaged in the erection 1.04 PRODUCT STORAGE , HANDLING, AND DELIVERY
of structural precast concrete for at least 5 years. Precast concrete members shall be lifted and supported
C. Welder qualifications: Qualified within previous 12 months during processing, storage, and transporting operations only
in accordance with AWS D1.1 and AWS D1.4. at the lifting or supporting points, as shown on the erection
D. Testing: In general compliance with testing provisions in PCI drawings, and with suitable lifting devices
MNL-116, Manual for Quality Control for Plants and A. Storage:
Production of Precast and Prestressed Concrete Products. 1. Store all units off ground.
E. Requirements of regulatory agencies: All local codes plus the 2. Place stored units so that identification marks are
following specifications, standards and codes are a part of discernible.
these specifications. 3. Stack so that lifting devices are accessible and
1. ACI 318—Building Code Requirements for Structural undamaged.
Concrete. B. Handling and Delivery:
2. AWS D1.1—Structural Welding Code—Steel. 1. Transportation, site handling, and erection shall be
3. AWS D1.4—Structural Welding Code—Reinforcing performed with acceptable equipment and methods, and
Steel. by qualified personnel.
4. ASTM Specifications—As referred to in Section 2.
Products. 2. PRODUCTS
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GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
2.01 MATERIALS (continued) C. Patching: Shall be acceptable providing the structural
A. Welded wire reinforcement: adequacy and appearance of the product are not impaired.
1. Welded plain steel: ASTM A 185. D. Openings: Openings shall be located and field drilled or
2. Welded deformed steel: ASTM A497. cut by the trade requiring them after the
B. Prestressing strand: Uncoated, 7 wire strand, ASTM precast/prestressed concrete products have been erected.
A 416—Grade 270. Openings shall be approved by the architect/engineer and
C. Anchors and inserts: coordinated with the producer before drilling or cutting.
1. Materials:
a. Structural steel: ASTM A 36. 3. FIELD EXECUTION
b. Carbon steel plate: ASTM A 283.
c. Bolts: ASTM A 307 or A 325. 3.01 ERECTION
d. Welded headed studs: ASTM A-108. A. General contractor shall be responsible for:
e. Deformed bar anchors: ASTM A 496 or A 706. 1. Providing suitable access to the building, proper
2. Finish: drainage and firm, level bearing for the hauling and
a. Shop primer: Manufacturer’s standards. erection equipment to operate under their own power.
b. Hot dipped galvanized: ASTM A 123. 2. Providing true, level bearing surfaces on all field
c. Zinc-rich coating: DOD-P-21035, self-curing, one placed bearing walls and other field places supporting
component, sacrificial. members.
J. Grout: 3. Placement and accurate alignment of anchor bolts,
1. Cement grout: Portland cement, sand, and water plates or dowels in column footings, grade beams and
sufficient for placement and hydration. other field placed supporting members.
2. Non-shrink grout: Premixed, packaged ferrous or non- 4. All shoring, ir required, for composite beams and slabs.
ferrous aggregate shrink-resistant grout. B. Installation: Installation of precast/prestressed concrete
K. Bearing pads: shall be performed by the producer or a competent erector.
1. Neoprene: Conform to Division II, Sect. 18 of Members shall be lifted by means of suitable lifting
AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway devices at points provided by the producer. Temporary
Bridges. shoring and bracing, if necessary, shall comply with
2. Random oriented fiber reinforced: Shall support a producer’s recommendations.
compressive stress of 3000 psi with no cracking, C. Alignment: Members shall be properly aligned and leveled
splitting or delaminating in the internal portions of the as required by the approved erection drawings. Variations
pad. between adjacent members shall be reasonably leveled out
3. Duck layer reinforced: Conform to Division II, Sect. by jacking, loading, or any other feasible method as
18.10.2 of AASHTO Standard Specifications for recommended by the producer and acceptable to the
Highway Bridges or Military Specification MIL-C- architect/engineer.
882D.
4. Plastic: Multimonomer plastic strips shall be non- 3.02 FIELD WELDING
leaching and support construction loads with no visible Field welding is to be done by certified welders using
overall expansion. equipment and materials compatible with the base
material. Methods shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1
2.02 CONCRETE MIXES and AWS D1.4.
A. 28-day compressive strength: 5000 psi min.
B. Prestress release strength: 3000 psi min. 3.03 ATTACHMENTS
C. Non-prestress stripping strength: 2500 psi min. Subject to approval of the architect/engineer,
precast/prestressed concrete products may be drilled or
2.03 PRODUCTION “shot” provided no contact is made with the prestressing
A. Production tolerances shall comply with PCI MNL-116. steel. Should spalling occur, the repair of the spall shall
B. Finishes: be the responsibility of the trade doing the drilling or the
1. Standard underside: Resulting from casting against shooting.
approved forms using good industry practice in
cleaning of forms, design of concrete mix, placing and 3.04 INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE
curing. Small surface holes caused by air bubbles, Final inspection and acceptance of erected
normal color variations, normal form joint marks, and precast/prestressed concrete shall be made by the
minor chips and spalls shall be tolerated, but no major architect/engineer within a reasonable time after the work
or unsightly imperfections, honeycomb, or other is completed.
defects shall be permitted.
2. Standard top: Result of vibrating screed and additional
hand finishing at projections. Normal color variations,
minor indentations, minor chips and spalls shall be
permitted. No major imperfections, honeycomb, or
defects shall be permitted.
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