Thermometry

EUROMET Project No 916

Bilateral comparison of mercury triple point cells

Final report

Anna Szmyrka-Grzebyk
Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research
Laboratory of Temperature Standards
Phone: 48 71 3954 264
Fax: 48 71 34 410 29
E-mail: A.Szmyrka@int.pan.wroc.pl

Polska Akademia Nauk

Instytut Niskich Temperatur I Badań Strukturalnych
Okólna str. 2
50-950 Wrocław
POLAND
Index

1. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................3
2. WORK PROGRAMME..........................................................................................................3
3. REPORTING OF DATA.........................................................................................................4
4. REALISATION OF THE MEASUREMENTS......................................................................4
4.1. Devices used during the measurements...........................................................................4
4.1.1. PTB devices..............................................................................................................4
4.1.2. INTiBS devices.........................................................................................................4
4.2. The triple point realization at INTiBS.............................................................................6
4.3. Results of measurements..................................................................................................6
4.3.1. Measurements at INTiBS – part 1.............................................................................6
4.3.2. Measurements at PTB...............................................................................................8
4.3.3. Measurements at INTiBS – part 2.............................................................................8
5. UNCERTAINTY BUDGET AT INTiBS..............................................................................14
6. RESULTS OF THE COMPARISON...................................................................................14
7. CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................15
8. INSTRUMENTATION DETAILS.......................................................................................16
8.1. Instrumentation used at INTiBS....................................................................................16
8.2. Instrumentation used at PTB.........................................................................................17

2
1. INTRODUCTION

In Poland the national temperature standards are maintained by two organizations:

 the Central Office of Measures (GUM) in Warsaw – for a higher temperature range
from the triple point of argon up to the freezing point of silver where long stem
standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRT) are recommended as interpolating
instruments of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90),
 the Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research (INTiBS) – for a low
temperature range from the triple point of hydrogen up to the triple point of water with
interpolating capsule type platinum thermometers (CSPRT).
The both standard platinum thermometers, SPRT and CSPRT, must be calibrated at the triple
points of water and mercury. This is the reason why the both institutions must use cells for
realization of these fixed points. The GUM cells have been used in the following CCT Key
Comparisons:
 the water cell – EUROMET. T-K7 (EUROMET Project 899),
 the mercury cell – EUROMET. T-K3 (EUROMET Project 552).
Due to the reason that only one national laboratory per country could participate in these
projects, INTiBS has asked some European NMIs, which participated in the CCT Key
Comparisons, to organize bilateral comparisons in order to create a direct reference to CCT-
K3 and CCT-K7 for INTiBS.
In 2006-2008 the bilateral comparison of the water triple point cells was carried out at
INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica) in Turin, Italy as EUROMET Project 895
(a final report is completed) and presently are repeated at VSL (Dutch Metrology Institute) in
Delft, as EURAMET Project no 1163.
The INTiBS mercury cell has been tested in the bilateral comparisons at PTB
(Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) in Berlin, Germany as EUROMET Project no 916.

The value of the triple point of mercury defined by the International Temperature
Scale of 1990 is equal to 234,3156 K (- 38,8444 °C).

2. WORK PROGRAMME

In 2006 a draft of Protocol for a proposal bilateral comparisons of mercury triple-

point cells between INTiBS (Poland) and PTB (Germany) was prepared and accepted by the
partners. The comparisons have been performed as the EUROMET Project 916. It was carried
out as the CCT Key Comparison EUROMET T-K3.
Three sets of measurements were performed:
1) measurements at INTiBS:
o melting curves of the mercury in the cell ISOTECH no Hg 220 determined by
using two platinum thermometers,
o the national water triple point cells were used for determination of a value of
the function W(Hg) = R(Hg) / R(H2O) for each thermometer,
2) measurements at PTB
o the mercury cell no Hg 220 and two thermometers were hand-carried to PTB
where the cell was compared with the PTB standard mercury cell no M090
which participated in the CIPM Key Comparisons CCT-K2 and CCT-K3,
 o the temperature of mercury was measured with the SPRTs from PTB and
INTiBS in order to compare immediately the results obtained at INTiBS and
PTB,
3) measurements at INTiBS:
o finally, the mercury melting in the cell no Hg 220 and resistance of two
platinum thermometers (INTiBS and PTB) were measured at INTiBS again to
check the stability of the devices and to estimate the uncertainty of the
realization of the mercury triple point at INTiBS.
The measurements ought to be made for three separately prepared mercury melting
curves. The thermometer resistance values are determined at a fraction F of sample melted to
50 %. The resistance values are reported for zero current with a self-heating correction
determined for measurements made at two different currents (I = 1 mA and I = 1,414 mA) and
corrected for the hydrostatic head effect.
Before and after measurements in the mercury cell the thermometers resistance was
measured in the national triple-point-of-water cells. For the comparison resistance ratio values
W(Hg) were used.
Uncertainty budgets were elaborated for the comparisons according to the protocol
EUROMET 552.

3. REPORTING OF DATA

The following information was included to the report:

 for each mercury cell that was used in the comparison, the change of the phase
transition temperature, T, versus immersion, l, (immersion characteristic) has been
determined and plotted. On the same graph, a theoretical T/h curve using the
hydrostatic pressure coefficients (mK/m of liquid) given in the ITS-90 text is plotted,
 examples of melting and freezing curves in the Hg cells are given,
 the resistance ratio W(Hg) = R(Hg) / R (H2O), where R(H2O) is the resistance in the
water triple point cell obtained after the measurement of R(Hg). The values R(Hg) and
R(H2O) must be corrected for self-heating and hydrostatic head effect. Because of
difficulties in the determination of percentage of metal (mercury) in the liquid phase,
the concept of percentage of time of the total duration of the melting is used for the
R(Hg) value determination. The value correspond to (50 – 80) % of time passed since
the starting the plateau,
 uncertainty analysis was done using the protocol of the project EUROMET 552,
 details of instrumentation, fixed point cells and techniques used in the realization of
the fixed points are given below.

4. REALISATION OF THE MEASUREMENTS

4.1. Devices used during the measurements

4.1.1. PTB devices

The devices used at PTB are described in the PTB-Report for EUROMET-Project No
916 “Bilateral comparison of mercury triple point cells” – appendix 1 to this Final Report.

4.1.2. INTiBS devices

4
4.1.2.1.Mercury cell and apparatus
In the middle of 2006, INTiBS bought the ISOTECH mercury triple point apparatus –
model 17725 and the mercury cell for realization of a triple point – model ITL M17724 no Hg
194. Because of defects of the mercury bath and cell, the comparison started with some delay.
In March 2008, at INTiBS the mercury cell no Hg 194 was replaced by a new cell –
ISOTECH no Hg 220. At the beginning the cell no Hg 220 was tested in a mercury triple
point apparatus model 17725. Because the bath produced too large temperature fluctuations
during realization of mercury plateaus, a bath Hart/Fluke – model 7381 was used for the
realization of the mercury triple point. The bath, filled with methyl alcohol, has provided
more stable conditions for the experiments.

4.1.2.2. Triple-point-of-water cells

At the beginning of the comparison at INTiBS the ISOTECH water cell, type B11/50
no 465 with a certificate for isotopic composition was used. The water cell was the national
standard, which participated in the bilateral comparison performed at INRiM (EUROMET
Project 895). The comparison has shown a large difference between cell no 465 and the
national Italian standards participated in CCT-K7 (Final Report of the Project 895).

The degree of equivalence

Dij = Ti - Tj
was computed as:
DPl-It = + 186 μK

with a standard uncertainty of u Pl-It = 69,9 μK.

This was the reason why INTiBS has decided to buy new triple-point-of-water cells
and used them in the second, final part of the mercury cells comparison.
Three new water cells ( ISOTECH type B11-50-270 nos 899, 901 (with an isotopic
comparison certificate) and 919) were tested at INTiBS before the second part of the mercury
cells comparison was performed.
Results of the comparisons of triple-point-of-water cells are shown in figure 1. The
cell no 901 was used as a reference cell. Corrections for self-heating of the SPRT and
hydrostatic effect were calculated.

5
 Fig. 1. INTiBS comparison of ISOTECH type B11-50-270 water cells.

A mean value of the temperature difference between the reference cell and the cell no
899 is equal to:
T H2O (ref – 899) = - 2,57 μK
with a standard deviation of the mean value of u = 7,1 μK,
and for the cell no 911the value is:
T H2O (ref – 919) = - 29,1 μK
with a standard deviation of the mean value of u = 10,6 μK.
During the comparison, the water cells were inserted into the ISOTECH water triple point
maintenance bath model ITL-M 18233.
The cell no 899 was used for the W(Hg) determination in the second part of
measurements performed at INTiBS.

4.1.2.3. Platinum thermometers and resistance bridge

The comparison was performed using INTiBS’ standard platinum resistance
thermometers Fluke/Hart Scientific model 5683 no 4164 and PTB’s standard platinum
resistance thermometer – Rosemount no 4788.
The thermometer resistance values have been measured with a dc resistance bridge
Measurements International – model MI 6015 T and an ac bridge ASL – model F 18. Both
bridges have a traceable uncertainty of about 0.2 ppm at ratio one.

4.2. The triple point realization at INTiBS

The thermometer well at the mercury cell is filled with a methyl alcohol (about
2,5 cm3) for realization of a thermal contact between a thermometer and samples, next the cell
is placed to the bath. The bath is filled with a methyl alcohol too. The bath temperature is
decreased from a room temperature to the temperature about – 42 °C. The mercury cell is
frozen with the system during about ½ hour. Temperature of the cell is measured by a
calibrated platinum thermometer inserted in the thermometer well. When the cell temperature
is closed to – 38,83°C the bath temperature is increased to about – 38,7 °C. At the same time
the calibrated thermometer is removed from the cell and a warm glass rod (with temperature
about 23 °C) is placed to the thermometer wall for 2 minutes to form a tin layer of liquid
around of the wall. Next the thermometer to be calibrated is inserted to the mercury cell. After
2-3 hours about (40 – 60) % of mercury samples is melted, than the thermometer is calibrated.

4.3. Results of measurements

4.3.1. Measurements at INTiBS – part 1

A melting curve of mercury in the cell no Hg 220 measured by the SPRT no 4164 is
presented in fig. 2. The thermometer resistance was measured with the F18 resistance bridge
for a measuring current of I = 1 mA. The temperature of the bath containing the mercury cell
was -38,82 °C. The duration of the melting plateau was about 22 hours.

6
 Melting plateau of mercury
INTiBS - cell Hg 220; Thermometer SPRT Hart 4164
21,58140

21,58139
Tbath = -38,82 C

21,58138
Resistance, W

21,58137

21,58136

21,58135

21,58134
0 240 480 720 960 1200 1440
Time, min

Fig. 2. Melting plateau in the mercury cell no Hg 220

A temperature width of the transition T between F = 90% and F =10% was

calculated to be equal to about 60 K (fig. 3).

Melting plateau of mercury

INTiBS - cell Hg 220; Thermometer SPRT Hart 4164

21,5814

21,58139

21,58138
Resistance, W

21,58137

21,58136
R(F=10%) = 21,581369 W TF90%-F10%= 60 K
R(F=90%) = 21,581375 W
21,58135

21,58134
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
F,%

Fig. 3. Determination of a width of the transition in the mercury cell no Hg 220.

For F  50 %, the resistance of the SPRT no 4164 was measured; a self-heating of the
thermometer was determined using measuring currents of I = 1mA and I = 1,41 mA. The
resistance value was calculated for I = 0 mA.

7
 To determine resistance ratio W(Hg) at the triple point of mercury, before and after the
measurements in the mercury cell, the thermometer resistance was measured at the triple point
of water realized in the water cell Isotech no 465.
The value W 4146 (Hg) = 0,84415016 has been obtained.
After the measurements performed at INTiBS, in July 2008, the mercury cell Hg no
220, the triple-point-of-water cell no 465 and the SPRT no 4164 were carried to PTB, where
the comparisons were continued.

4.3.2. Measurements at PTB

At PTB the national reference at the mercury triple point is defined using a batch of
two home-made sealed cells for capsule-type thermometers and two commercial cells for
long-stem thermometers. The temperature t(Hg-M090) of the cell used for the comparison
coincides with the temperature of the PTB national standard t(Hg-standard) within the
standard uncertainty of 0,06 mK.

Comparison measurements of the triple-point temperatures of the INTiBS mercury cell

Hg no 220 and the PTB reference cell no Hg-M090 performed at PTB have demonstrated that
the resulting weighted mean W (Hg220-M090) value amounts to -7.05 x 10-7 corresponding
to a difference of the melting temperature of

THg220 – TM090 = - 0,175 mK.

with a standard uncertainty of
u (THg220 – T M090) = 0,06 mK.

Calibration results of PTB for two SPRTs no 4788 (from PTB) and no 4164 (from
INTiBS) at the triple point of mercury are presented in table 1.

Table 1. Results of the calibration at PTB of the two SPRTs Nos. 4788 and 4164 at the triple
point of mercury

SPRT RH2O(0 mA) W(Hg-M90) u(W(Hg-M90)) W(Hg220) u(W(Hg220))

4788 25.485019 0.84417266 6.0E-07 0.84417183 6.0E-07
4164 25.564954 0.84415313 6.0E-07 0.84415244 6.0E-07

The detailed results obtained at PTB are described in the PTB-Report for EUROMET-
Project No 916 “Bilateral comparison of mercury triple point cells” – appendix 1 to this Final
Report.

4.3.3. Measurements at INTiBS – part 2

4.3.3.1.Introduction
In a second part of the comparison carried out at INTiBS the same platinum
thermometers (nos 4164 and 4788) were calibrated in the mercury cell Hg 220.
The value W PTB (Hg 220) = 0.84415244 obtained at PTB for the SPRT no 4164 differs
from that obtained previously(measurements at INTiBS – part1):

W INTiBS (Hg 220) = 0,84415016.

8
 One of a reason of the large difference could be the value of the triple point
temperature realized in the water cell no 465 used at INTiBS during the first part of
measurements. Thus for the realization of the triple point of water in the second part, the new
water cell – ISOTECH type B11-50-270 no 899 was used.

4.3.3.2. Conditions of the mercury plateaus determination

The mercury cell was placed into the bath Hart/Fluke – model 7381. The bath was
filled with methyl alcohol. A temperature gradient in a central part of the bath (cube 15x15x15
cm) was determined for two different conditions:
 without of the cell, when the temperature of the bath was equal to about – 40 °C, the
temperature differences were less than 7 mK,
 with the mercury cell placed in the central part of the bath; the differences were
reduced to about of 3 mK.
For temperature measurements, the platinum resistance thermometers nos 4164 and 4788
were used. The thermometer resistance was measured with the dc resistance bridge – MI
6015T equipped with a standard resistor 25 Ω Tinsley 5685 A placed into a temperature
controlled enclosure.
Two melting curves and one freezing curve of mercury in the cell Hg 220 determined
with the SPRT no 4788 are shown in figure 4.

Fig. 4. Melting and freezing plateaus of mercury in the Hg 220 cell.

The W(Hg) values presented on the figure were determined for measuring current I = 1 mA.
The measurements were carried out at the following conditions:
melting curves: - set point: - 38,61 °C,
real value: - 38,73 °C;
freezing curve: - set point: - 38,81 °C,
real value: - 38,93 °C.
Under these conditions the melting plateau duration was about 420 min and the freezing
plateau duration almost 380 min.
The freezing curve was shorter than melting. It can be noticed that an initial part of freezing is
not flat. At the beginning of the transition the mercury temperature changes slowly – during
about 100 min, afterwards it remained stable and its value was closed to the melting

9
temperature. At F = 50 % the following phase-transition temperature difference has been
obtained:
T phase transitions (Hg) = T melt (Hg) – T freez (Hg)  50 μK.

Fig. 5. Determination of the mercury melting plateau width at the Hg 220 cell

The melting curves were very flat – a temperature difference T melt  75 μK between
F = 90 % (~380 min) and F = 10 % (~60 min) – fig. 5.

4.3.3.3. Platinum thermometers calibration

In order to determine an ?equivalence degree? of the mercury triple point realization at
INTiBS two long-stem platinum resistance thermometers nos 4164 (INTiBS) and 4788 (PTB)
were calibrated at the mercury cell Hg 200 and the water cell no 899. The thermometer’s
resistance was measured three times for different melting curves of mercury and two different
ice mantles realized in the water cell. The measurements were performed for F  50 %
usually. A hydrostatic correction and self-heating of the thermometers were determined for
each point. The measuring currents were equal 1 mA and 1,41 mA.

4.3.3.4. Immersion profiles

Results of the measurements of immersion profiles performed in the mercury cell no
Hg 220 using the both platinum thermometers are presented in figures 6 – 9. These
measurements were carried out for a constant level of contact liquid.

10
Fig. 6. Immersion characteristics of the platinum thermometer no 4164 in the mercury cell no
Hg 220

The W m values presented in the figures 6 and 8 are determined as a ratios:

W m = R m(Hg) / R (H2O),

where R (H2O) is the thermometer resistance at the triple point of water calculated for I =
0 mA applying the hydrostatic correction and R m(Hg) is the resistance value for I = 0 mA in
the mercury cell.
The values W, which are the differences between the experimental values of Wm and
the theoretical relation (slope of the head correction 7,1 mK/m), are presented in figures 7
and 9.

Fig. 7. Experimental immersion characteristic of the platinum thermometer no 4164 in the

mercury cell no Hg 220 compared to the theoretical relation (slope 7,1 mK/m)

11
Fig. 8. Immersion characteristics of the platinum thermometer no 4788 in the mercury cell no
Hg 220

Fig. 9. Experimental immersion characteristics of the platinum thermometer no 4788 in the

mercury cell no Hg 220 compared to the theoretical relation (slope 7,1 mK/m).

4.3.3.5. SPRT resistance measurements

Results of the measurements of the resistances of the SPRTs nos 4164 and 4788 at the
triple points of water (cell no 899) and mercury (cell no Hg 220) obtained at INTiBS are
presented in tables 2-5

Table 2. Results of the calibration of the platinum thermometer no 4164 at the triple point of
water at INTiBS
Thermometer no 4164
W
R(1 mA) St.dev. R(1,42mA) St.dev. R(0mA) Rhydr.corr.(0) Self-heating
25,5652909 4,40E-07 25,5654627 3,60E-07 25,5651191 25,5651378 0,0001718
25,5652913 6,80E-07 25,5654599 4,17E-07 25,5651227 25,5651414 0,0001686
25,5652905 2,10E-07 25,5654647 7,85E-07 25,5651163 25,5651350 0,0001742
- - - - Mean value 25,5651381 0,0001715

12
Table 3. Results of the calibration of the platinum thermometer no 4788 at the triple point of
water at INTiBS
Thermometer no 4788
W
R(1 mA) St.dev. R(1,42mA) St.dev. R(0mA) Rhydr.corr.(0) Self-heating
25,4850820 8,51E-07 25,4851005 3,13E-07 25,4850635 25,4850820 0,0000185
25,4850835 5,05E-07 25,4851035 2,93E-07 25,4850635 25,4850823 0,0000200
25,4850854 1,22E-07 25,4851015 5,48E-07 25,4850693 25,4850878 0,0000161
- - - - Mean value 25,4850840 0,0000182

Table 4. Results of the calibration of the platinum thermometer no 4164 at the triple point of
mercury at INTiBS
Thermometer no 4164
W
R(1 mA) St.dev. R(1,42mA) St.dev. R(0mA) Rhydr.corr.(0) Self-heating W(Hg)
21,5811693 3,63E-07 21,5813361 5,98E-07 21,5810025 21,5808725 0,0001668 0,84415239
21,5811697 3,50E-07 21,5813353 5,48E-07 21,5810041 21,5808741 0,0001656 0,84415246
21,5811704 9,28E-07 21,5813359 7,01E-07 21,5810049 21,5808749 0,0001655 0,84415249
- - - - Mean value 21,5808738 0,0001660 0,84415245

Table 5. Results of the calibration of the platinum thermometer no 4788 at the triple point of
mercury at INTiBS
Thermometer no 4788
W
R(1 mA) St.dev. R(1,42mA) St.dev. R(0mA) Rhydr.corr.(0) Self-heating W(Hg)
21,5139303 3,83E-07 21,5139443 1,68E-07 21,5139163 21,5137935 0,0000140 0,84417197
21,5139313 5,27E-07 21,5139516 3,36E-07 21,513911 21,5137881 0,0000203 0,84417175
21,5139362 6,58E-07 21,5139550 4,11E-07 21,5139174 21,5137946 0,0000188 0,84417201
- - - - Mean value 21,5137921 0,0000195 0,84417191

The values W were determined with a temperature equivalent of the standard uncertainty of u
= 0,18 mK – the uncertainty budget is presented in table 6.

13
UNCERTAINTY BUDGET AT INTiBS

Table 6. The INTiBS uncertainty budget for the calibration of platinum thermometers at the
mercury triple point using cell no Hg 220.

Quantity Components Uncertainty contribution

ui, mK
CXt/1 Uncertainty linked with impurities 0,10
and choice of fixed point value
CXt/2 Uncertainty linked with hydrostatic 0,04
pressure correction
CXt/3 Uncertainty linked with perturbing 0,04
heat exchanges
CXt/4 Uncertainty linked with self-heating 0,04
correction
CXt/5 Uncertainty linked with bridge 0,01
linearity
CXt/6 Uncertainty linked with quadrature 0,01
effects in ac measurements
Uncertainty propagation from TPW 0,13
DRs/1 Uncertainty linked with instability of 0,01
Rs
DRs/2 Uncertainty linked with temperature 0,01
of Rs
SWt Wt scatter 0,07
Combined uncertainty 0,18
Expanded uncertainty 0,36

RESULTS OF THE COMPARISON

In table 7, the results of the calibration of the platinum thermometers nos 4164 and 4788 at
PTB and INTiBS in the triple point of water and mercury cells are compared.

Table 7. Comparison of results of SPRTs calibration at INTiBS and PTB.

SPRT no PTB INTiBS

R H2O (0mA) W (Hg 220) u(W Hg 220) R H2O (0mA) W (Hg 220) u(W Hg 220)
4164 25.564954 0.84415244 6.0E-07 25,5651381 0,84415245 7,2 E-07
4788 25.485019 0.84417183 6.0E-07 25,4850840 0,84417191 7,2 E-07

The differences W (Hg 220) between the results obtained at PTB and INTiBS, calculated as

W (Hg 220) = W PTB (Hg 220) – W INTiBS (Hg 220)

are:
for SPRT no 4164: W 4164 (Hg 220) = – 0,000 000 01;

14
 for SPRT no 4788: W 4788 (Hg 220) = – 0,000 000 08

with a standard uncertainty u (W (Hg 220)) = 0,000 000 94.

CONCLUSION

Thus, the calibration results obtained at INTiBS and PTB, respectively, coincide well
within the combined uncertainty. This verifies that the uncertainty budgets are reliable.
Furthermore, mercury cell no Hg 220 has a significantly lower triple-point temperature
than the national standard of PTB, see Section 4.2.2. Applying this cell for the
calibration of SPRTs according to the ITS-90 requires, therefore, to correct for the
calibration data accordingly.

15
INSTRUMENTATION DETAILS

Instrumentation used at INTiBS

Laboratory name INTiBS

Bridge – used for SPRT resistance value measurements

Manufacturer Measurement International
Type MI 6015 T
Unity reading 0,000 000 001

AC or DC DC
If AC, give frequency

Normal measurement current 1 mA

Self-heating current 1,4142 mA

Evaluation of linearity of resistance bridge (yes or not) yes

Bridge – used for melting curves determination

Manufacturer ASL
Type F 18
Unity reading 0,000 000 1

AC or DC AC
If AC, give frequency 75 Hz

Normal measurement current 1 mA

Self-heating current

Evaluation of linearity of resistance bridge (yes or not) no

4788
Manufacturer Tinsley
Type 5685 A, 25 W
Reference resistor temperature control (yes or not) yes

Thermometers

Long stem SPRT

Manufacturer Hart
Type 5683
Serial number 4164

H2O Cells
Home made or not ISOTECH, type 11/50

No cell (used in the part I of measurements) 465

No cell (used in the part II of measurements) 899
Immersion depth of middle of the SPRT sensible element 260 mm for SPRT,
253 mm for CSPRT
How are mantles maintained (ice, bath…) ISOTECH bath

Hg Cell
Home made or not ISOTECH
No cell used at the beginning of the comparisons Hg 194
No cell (used in the parts I and II of measurements) Hg 220
Closed cell or open closed
Nominal purity 99,999 99 %
Immersion depth of middle of the SPRT sensible element 179 mm for SPRT
172 mm for CSPRT

Hg thermostat

At the beginning of the comparisons with the cell no Hg

194
Home made or not ISOTECH
Type (cryostat, bath…) Bath model 17725
Typical duration of the melting plateau

Used in parts I and II of measurements with the cell no Hg

220
Home made or not HART/FLUKE
Type (cryostat, bath…) Bath model 7381
Typical duration of the melting plateau 7h

Instrumentation used at PTB

The details of the instrumentation used at PTB is described in the PTB-Report for
EUROMET-Project No 916 “Bilateral comparison of mercury triple point cells” – appendix 1
to this Final Report

17