coworking Space

Mathias Schürmann

coworking Space

Business model for entrepreneurs and

knowledge workers
Mathias Schürmann Lucerne,
Switzerland

Feedback / contact:
Critical comments and suggestions for improving and complementing the upstream past work are
welcome: mschuermann@rocket.ch

ISBN 978-3-658-02464-2 ISBN 978-3-658-02465-9 (eBook)

DOI 10.1007 / 978-3-658-02465-9

The German National Library lists this publication in the Deutsche Nations na lbibliografi e; detailed bibliografi

specific data available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufb ar. Springer Gabler

© Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013

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foreword

Together with eleven young Freiberu fl s of marketing, communication, Gra fi c, programming, film
and architecture, I founded the coworking space ten years ago, "Neuweg - network for communication
and design." From the initially chaotic construct - a kind of creative WG - soon developed into a
vibrant community, we exchanged valuable technical and entrepreneurial knowledge, discussing
business ideas and established interesting contacts. After two years, I started with two coworkers,
detached from coworking space, the full-service advertising agency Rocket - Powerful Advertising.

My personal way to entrepreneurship - via coworking space notabene

- is no longer unique, but almost the norm. An experience that I share now with countless others,
current and former coworkers. In all my conversations and visits to coworking spaces across Europe, I
heard a lot of very similar success stories.

The huge potential of this forward-looking business model is fascinating - its rapid spread just a
natural fit.

On the following pages you will learn more about the breeding ground, the concept and potential of
coworking spaces. I'll take you on a journey to Berlin, Helsinki, London, Paris and Zurich and show
you the basis of five successful coworking how the business model works in practice.

Let yourself be inspired by the idea of ​coworking and get the new business on your own individual
way. I wish you every success and satisfaction.

Mathias Schürmann

5
 coworking Space

contents

1. The breeding ground for coworking spaces 12

1.1 New forms of life require new forms of work 14

1.2 Digital Natives: So tick the young knowledge workers 15
1.3 The new economic era: Capitalism 4.0 18
1.4 Brave new world of work 19
1.5 Open Innovation: external impulses are welcome 22
1.6 New values ​needs the business world 23
1.7 The Entrepreneur is the future 25

Second The business model Coworking Space 32

2.1 core values ​and Definition 32

2.2 A new business model is created 35
2.3 A typology of coworking spaces 37
2.4 The working environment of the Plug 'n Play Worker 41
2.5 More than one place of work 43
2.6 Special forms 45
2.7 composition and demographics of coworkers 47
2.8 The launch pad for young entrepreneurs 51
2.9 A well-networked community 53
2.10 compared to alternative work models 56

Third Five portraits of successful coworking spaces 62

3.1 betahaus - Berlin 62

3.2 Google Campus and Central Working - London 68
3.3 Startup Sauna - Helsinki 74
3.4 Sole Illes COWORK - Paris 80
3.5 The HUB - Zurich 85

7
 4th Successful model Coworking Space: A plea with ten points 94

4.1 Valuable knowledge transfer 95

4.2 business class to economy fare 96
4.3 Good for motivation and Image 97
4.4 A workplace that grows 98
4.5 In the working cycle of Plug 'n Play Workers 100
4.6 hotbed and catapult for young entrepreneurs 101
4.7 Even large companies like coworking 103
4.8 Fresh wind in the educational landscape 104
4.9 Unexpected opportunity for developing countries 106
4.10 At the cutting edge and a little bit revolutionary 107

Thanks: A special thanks to Marc Wöltinger. He was a valuable lecturer and sparring partner to me; without his tireless work, the
work would not have appeared in its present form. Furthermore, a special thanks to all interviewees and experts who found time
for my book project in addition to their great commitment to their coworking spaces and businesses: Michele Bachmann, Sandrine
Benattar, Amy Coggiola, Martin Elwert, Roman Gaus, Juho Hyytiäinen, Natalie Gaudet, Manuel gerres, Madeleine von Mohl
Gummer, Pierre-Yves Kocher, Max Kruger, Gerhard Kursawe, Nathalie Mollet, Katie Sarro, Daniel Seiffert, Jonathan Wakrat. Last
but not least, I thank Beat Niggli and my colleagues from Rocket - Powerful Advertising.

8th
1
The breeding ground

for coworking spaces

 coworking Space

1. The breeding ground for coworking spaces

Dynamics characterizes our age and our personal lives like never before. Society and economy are
changing faster and faster, deeper and in a strong mutual interaction; with a decisive impact on the
world of work: it created new jobs, new employment and new forms of cooperation. Demanded more
open structures to keep pace with the constantly changing demands of work and leisure are always
more fl exible.

"Co 1- Strategies "like co-creation, co-innovation, co-production or cooperation are gaining in

importance. Innovation processes are open - open innovation is announced. Gone are the days when
world firsts have been decided in a dark closet.

Image: Coworker at betahaus in Berlin

1 "Co": together, together

12

M. Schürmann, Coworking Space DOI 10.1007 / 978-3-658-02465-9_1, © Springer

Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013
We go to activities that make us fun and where we can realize us. Workers free themselves from
slavery hierarchical pyramid organizations and say goodbye to the veteran patriarch and patron.
Along with this is an increasing trend towards independence: Entrepreneurship is again in vogue - as
early as the end of the last century. The growing group - or in modern terms "community" -
independent knowledge workers has long been looking for alternatives to the traditional workplace.
Homeof fi ce, shared office or mobile workstation names of the previous answers.

The current economic crises increase the pressure on existing companies on. They require structural
changes, which has a noticeable effect on the work force. An ideal breeding ground for new, versatile
compatible business and work models.

Figure 1: coworking space in the environment of changes in society, economy and labor

Especially promising is currently the approach of coworking spaces seems to be. For more and more
self-employed people - is currently focusing on IT and creative industries - these coworking spaces
provide an ideal working model. And so astonished hardly that already formed an actual coworking
movement that gives to online platforms hearing and mobilized worldwide establishing its own
coworking spaces and communities. And fi ends right here we

13
 coworking Space

that "Co" again at present which reflects the trend in the economy, society and the labor to increased
exchange of global networking and open cooperation.

1.1 New forms of life require new forms of work

For centuries the family linchpin was human development. A life form that began to change in the
seventies at the latest, albeit only slowly. Today, in the 21st century, the life forms fl exible are and
diverse. The breadwinner model in which the woman to housework and child-rearing care, while the
man an external paid work pursues, has lost its significance for years. The constantly rising demand
for day care is one of the obvious symptoms of this. Nevertheless, the classical roles is still widely
used due to rigid conditions. So go dads who live in a couple household, usually a workload of at least
90 percent, while their women the primary responsibility for housework take (Branger, 2008). If
possible, the woman fit their purchase behavior with part-time jobs accordingly, but frequently g does
not match this classic division of labor the free desire of the pair. Rather, it results from the difficulty of
family and work really satisfactory - even from an economic point of view - to reconcile.

As late as 1970 classic family households made up about half of the life forms. Today it is just
one-third. Later and later founding couples families and push the decision for a child prefer a little
addition. Responsible, among other things, the "rush hour of life" (Branger, 2008): with longer training,
subsequent difficulties entering the job market and consequently perennial placement periods.
Parenthood is postponed by or is simply not considered optional.

Who wants to bring family and career to some extent reasonable under the much-cited hat, needs fl
exible working hours and part-time work. Just

14
for single mothers is the opportunity to work part-time, of crucial importance. And we assume that the
divorce rate continues to rise in the coming years, the proportion of single mothers and fathers could
further increase. This trend, in turn, increases the demand for part-time work and increases the need
for appropriate work models.

Flexible working models not only serve the workers. Also, the employer benefits when its employees
can be used time and place fl exible. This allows him to better adapt to labor on the order situation
and he enjoys simultaneously on the increased motivation of his team. As motivated and satisfied
employees known to perform better, it should be interesting for entrepreneurs, employees - and,
indirectly, their families - to meet with fl exible working arrangements.

Of course, fl exible working arrangements are not suitable for all occupations equally well. Knowledge
workers, for example, take the booklet as self-employed in their own hands, the balance between
family and work succeeds often better than employees. Project-related work orders can be generally
time and place fl exible do and thereby elegant ichtungen of private obligations passing maneuver.
This is particularly advantageous for couples where both partners have a self-employment to pursue.
And if this is even in the same industry - for example, when a pair of leads a joint public relations
agency -, their flexibility is further increased. But whether and how desirable it is, with his partner with
whom one shares already bed and kitchen, also together, probably everyone has to decide for itself.

1.2 Digital Natives: So tick the young knowledge workers

The latest generation, which is currently entering the world of work, forms a disproportionately high
percentage of members of coworking spaces. Digital Natives - also known as Generation Y or
Millennials - were born between 1980 and 1990. Your name says it all: you are with the

15
 coworking Space

Internet and digital technologies become large. Time they follow the Generation X and the baby
boomers. They are often at their quali fi, confident and quite demanding; "Young professionals who
change the culture and everyday life in the company," she describes business journalist Eva
Buchhorn (2011) in their article "Generation Y. The winners of the labor market". They are quite
opportunistic and behave multi optional. A Plan B is part of the survival strategy. Them is the social
responsibility of the employer important - but also their own starting salary. With routine activities they
can not do anything, they get bored faster than previous generations and express more effort to
familiarize themselves intensively in a subject. For digital natives working life with a computer game is
similar: "Level for Level One works himself up," the journalist and startup expert Jens Tönnesmann
thinks (2011) aptly. It is no shame for a short time sometimes falling down a level, as long as it then
goes up again.

The working of digital natives begin frequently g still in bed. Early on the morning e-mail messages
are retrieved on the smartphone. Surfing at work, a visit to the gym or the hairdresser divide the work
into smaller units: During the day, then work and private activities alternate. For it is late in the
evening inserted a last shift as needed. The transition between work and leisure is fl uid. So you can
hear on the social media platform Facebook not only private but also for business-relevant. The
work-life balance model was recently replaced by the Work-Life Flexibility approach, because the
digital natives - and, increasingly, other professionals - move seamlessly between work and leisure.
No wonder,

Even on the fishery digital natives hold little. They are often typical "Plug 'n Play Worker" 2 - working for
anyone in the world from somewhere. A virtual cloud-based Arbeitsor-

2 "Plug in and play and work" - Mobile Workers

16
organization, in which the data is stored on virtual platforms, makes it possible. is communicated via
e-mail, VoIP 3 and VPN 4th

The classic career model has largely become obsolete in the digital natives. While previous
generations secured their place with diligence and loyalty to their superiors, today is rather the fl ege
a network outside the company in the foreground. Clubs and service clubs with their rigid, cemented
over the years structures no longer form the linchpins of the young network society. Private or
corporate acquaintances are adhoc and linked on social media networks and gep fl egt. So can often
almost by whim or because of a possible job loss, quickly nd a new job fi. The location for life is de fi
nitely passé. And career runs not only vertically but often horizontally. This means, that young
professionals in the course of their working lives take different roles and perform a variety of activities.
Digital Natives gain also with a wide range of education and training, internships and work experience
more complex the requirements for their personal return on investment. Although rare, this leads to
easy money, but often to a sustainable happier and still fi nancially hedged life.

The outlined behavior of digital natives is consistent with the assessment of marketing experts Martin
Lindstrom (2011). He believes that digital natives are born entrepreneurs. But some are already
beginning to early age to trade products and to distribute them over the Internet. According to
Independent Workforce Index (2012) form digital natives in the US already 21 percent of all
self-employed and a further increase of young entrepreneurs seems assured.

3 Voice over IP; Internet telephony

4 Virtual Private Network; interfaces connected networks

17
 coworking Space

1.3 The new economic era: Capitalism 4.0

The economic developments of recent years have shaken the world economy in its cornerstones.
Financial crises such as the real estate crisis in the US in 2007 and the subsequent sovereign debt
crisis in Europe from 2009 met large companies particularly hard. In addition to financial institutions
such as AIG, Fannie or UBS also detected conglomerates outside the finance sector, such as
General Motors.

Although the economic crises brought shaken global capitalism in its present form, this adaptive
system is not the end. Because they led to profound economic transformations and made way for a
new economic understanding. Thus, the renowned economist Anatole Kaletsky's (2011) believe that
capitalism in the form of capitalism 4.0 newly he fi nds. This includes a new relationship between
companies and the state, in which neither of the two players will play a dominant role. The state will
increasingly set targets that are tracked by for-profit companies. The times radical market approaches
therefore appear to be history: Neither the state nor the company is certified infallibility. The mixed
public-private economy is nothing new, but their division and the widely accepted interaction did not
exist in this form before. due to the fact is the business model public-private partnerships.

On closer examination experiment with the economic change, to clear patterns seem to emerge. The
American best-selling author Chris Anderson (2009) summarizes the economic trend succinctly
together: "The New Economy: More Startups, fewer Giants, in fi nite Opportunity". He supports the
view be that large companies decentralize and externalize an industrial ecosystem in the future. So
come, for example, increasingly experts from around the world for a project in a virtual Internet-based
company together.

The structures of the economy and their businesses will continue to evolve in the coming years. Large
companies with rigid, hierarchical organizations lose the benefit of small, agile under-

18
gain weight. With their fl exible and fl at structures organized micro enterprises turn out in networks
more robust and more resistant to crises. The mathematician and philosopher Gunter Dueck (2008)
brings it to the pig cycle into play that says that big fat booty eaters decimate themselves. He believes
that large companies could disappear and that rescue from the outside seam: New markets, new
business models, new products and technical innovations open new hunting grounds on which small
businesses play a leading role. we scroll back in history, we note that this is a comeback of micro
entrepreneurship.

In addition to labor, land and capital, knowledge is increasingly becoming a core resource. A
development that takes place on innovation since the turn of the millennium at an accelerating pace
and with a strong reference. The so-called knowledge society plays an increasingly important role.
Thus, almost 85 percent of jobs created between 1998 and 2006 jobs in the United States involve
complex knowledge work (Altman, 2009). This trend towards a cognitive, post-industrial capitalism
and a strong creative economy looks set to continue. He lived in coworking spaces and manifests
itself in practice by the fact that innovative business ideas and models as beispielsweie Internet
telephony (for example, the company Skype), created entire industries, circulate or make them
disappear.

1.4 Brave new world of work

Physical hard work in the field or sweaty six-day weeks in factories belong to at least the west of the
past. Over the past 50 years, the service sector compared to the industrial and agricultural sector
became increasingly important. Today, the service sector in the US is characterized already
responsible for about 80 percent of economic activity (Chesbrough, 2011). This trend toward a service
economy will continue. Technological innovations, especially Internet-based forms of services,
accelerate the change in the working world. Geared towards creating new organization and working
methods as well as innovative

19
 coworking Space

Business models. People working in the service sector, that can look forward to exciting new
perspectives.

In order to meet the requirements of a service-based economy, profound structural and organizational changes in the
workplace are to be expected in the coming years. The project economy - including temporary, collaborative and often
global value-added processes are understood - plays an increasingly important role. attributable in 2007 were only about
2 percent of the total economic value of the project economy, it should in 2020 be around 15 percent (Hofmann, 2007).
The project will accelerate economic development and product cycles. Companies will adjust future generally fewer
employees fixed, but rely on independent short dedicated project staff. Independence, freiberu fl iche project work,
temporary unemployment or Multijobbing shape the new world of work. take the place of traditional, hierarchical
organizations fl, project-based and network-like structures. Robert Sa fi adds to (2012), editor of the business magazine
"Fast Company" that today's institutions obsolete and jobs for life are dead. Each search according to fixed rules would
serve no purpose, because we have to constantly rethink. It can no longer be placed on established business models or
career paths. Different industries merge and everything supposedly resistant is vulnerable. that today's institutions
obsolete and jobs for life are dead. Each search according to fixed rules would serve no purpose, because we have to
constantly rethink. It can no longer be placed on established business models or career paths. Different industries merge
and everything supposedly resistant is vulnerable. that today's institutions obsolete and jobs for life are dead. Each
search according to fixed rules would serve no purpose, because we have to constantly rethink. It can no longer be
placed on established business models or career paths. Different industries merge and everything supposedly resistant is
vulnerable.

A good and vivid example provides IBM. The IT company will go completely new ways of organizing
work and once again play a leading role. Sun, IBM plans future the number of employees to be
reduced to a smaller core workforce. Parallel workers are consulted as needed or project-related
external, so-called "rental jobbers" 5 ( Clegg, 2012). These are to be recruited through a specially
created Internet platform and later evaluated.

5 also called freelancers, contract workers or solo self-employed

20
The rental jobber model offers not only wholesale, but also micro entrepreneurs the chance to
network globally. Companies are doing through online platforms, an ad hoc team together - quickly
and easily. Largest brokers and industry pioneer in the service sector is currently oDesk 6 is worked on
the already global and project. Employers and employees evaluate each other and thus build their
reputation on. The global network will allow, among other things Geoarbitrage to operate, that is, from
currency differences or wage differentials to bene fi t. So are, for example, Asian Web programmers
with an hourly rate of less than 10 euros in competition with colleagues in Europe that require 100
euros and more for similar services.

As this new work organization works exactly, the author and sociologist Charles Grantham describes
(2000) in his Hollywood model. he borrowed the name of the media industry in Hollywood, where the
new form of work friend for some time already use fi. Innovation and creativity have always been the
motors of this industry, and are working on every major production project, hundreds of individuals
and small businesses together. Functional teamwork is essential. Lead fi gures of the virtual
organization are the producers and directors that guide the projects until their closure. After the
project the organization is dissolved, some stakeholders can work together again in a new project
entirely.

What requirements must be met in such working models, the coworking space describes "betahaus"
(2012) very aptly in his XING pro fi le: "values ​are no longer rooted traditional office. Value fi nd place
in projects at different locations, at different times, independently and without permanent employment.
This new way of working fi nd instead of new real and virtual places. requires open, digitally
networked collaborative work places that are fl exible and serve as incubation platform for network
innovation and production. "

6 Work placement platform for freelancers and Plug 'n Play Worker

21
 coworking Space

1.5 Open Innovation: external impulses are welcome

Innovation is the lifeblood for businesses that want to be constantly changing economy long-term
success - regardless of whether this is service, product or business model innovations. However, the
innovation management requires a fundamental change: Instead of closed corporate structures - the
so-called closed-innovation concept - the potential is increasingly exploited by external partners.
Innovation processes are open. Inputs from the outside, such as consumer or business partners, play
an increasingly important role; eventually generate several million Outsider most creative and
innovative ideas than a handful of internal employees. Professor Henry Chesbrough (2003) is
therefore convinced that the opening of the innovation process a company brings a benefit increase
and growth. In short, open innovation and crowd-called Innovation Innovation Management is socially
acceptable.

Opening of innovation processes leads thus more numerous, diversi fi more refined and sometimes
radical out-of-the-box ideas; Ideas with which a company can withstand the increasing pressure to
innovate better. What an open process - combined with the latest technical possibilities and agreed
on a new work culture - can cause the entrepreneur and business professor Don Tapscott explains
(2007) using the example of Wikipedia: The online encyclopedia is about ten times larger than the
Encyclopedia Britannica , Not only that: the quality is just as high. the encyclopedia project was made
possible thanks to the Internet that allows us to harness the collective intelligence. So fi nd
themselves without much effort a number of people who create something new together beyond
hierarchies. The economy was changing and the new open-source models shook the base of the
economy, Tapscott on. He de fi ned the new form of cooperation as wikinomics 7th

7 Definition wikinomics: "... a description of the way the relationship between businesses and
markets has changed Because of much greater involvement of customers and users Directly with products or companies. This
is a combination of the words, 'wiki' and, economics. "(Cambridge University Press, 2012)

22
The success of the open innovation model can be measured in numbers even. Thus, the highly
innovative consumer goods giant Procter & Gamble (P & G) has reduced research and development
costs in relation to sales revenue. The former Procter & Gamble manager Larry Huston (2006)
explains that Procter & Gamble earlier confided exclusively on internal research and development -
but today successfully relied on external cooperation. For this, the research and development
department has been fundamentally restructured so that in addition to the 7500 internal R & D
employees and about 1.5 million "outsiders" are involved today, customers as well as scientists,
engineers and entrepreneurs. As a central platform of knowledge sharing, the specially created
website pgconnectdevelop.com (Procter & Gamble, 2012) is used.

Open innovation is not reserved for large companies. This is ensured by appropriate online platforms
such as InnoCentive 8th, Atizo 9

and Idea Project 10 probably represent only the beginning of a small revolution in the field of innovation
management. The brainstorming and crowdsourcing platform "Ideas Project" For example, consider
crowdsourcing 11

as a center for open innovation and social media (Nokia, 2012). That here too much potential is
thought betrays a look behind the scenes of the platform: It is supported by the telecommunications
group Nokia.

1.6 New values ​needs the business world

Not only structures and forms of organization change - also fundamental values ​of economic activity
are currently being re-de fi ned. Instead of a minimum profit environmental and social objectives move
increasingly into focus. The Swiss journalist Roger de Weck (2009) thinks that this is indeed less
growth, while also less crisis

8th www.innocentive.com

9 www.atizo.com

10 www.ideasproject.com

11 Outsourcing of activities to a group of external persons

23
 coworking Space

sen lead. Corporate Social Responsibility is in any case no longer be a fig leaf marketing zealous
companies as misdemeanors thanks to electronic media faster than ever to light. So are freelancers
who have an unsatisfactory service or under contractual provisions, rated according to online
platforms and commented on - just as we know from Hotel review sites à la TripAdvisor. Since then
even the best marketing tricks not help to improve the image again.

But not only the external pressure leads to sozialerem economies. More and more it happens of its
own accord when so-called social entrepreneurs want to make a lasting contribution to the solution of
social problems with new business models, services and products. Examples include the company
Coffee Circle, which is betahaus grew up in the coworking space, or the global coworking network
The Hub. Also, the social entrepreneur and Nobel Peace Mohammad Yunus, founder of the
microcredit institution Grameen Bank, pursuing this social entrepreneurship approach.

For some time there is a change in values ​is emerging in dealing with intellectual property. While large
corporations such as Nestle rely on strict regulation and enforcement of intellectual property, networks
and startups operate increasingly on the concept of open source logic. According to the guidelines of
Creative Commons (12 2012) makes this a user-friendly application of copyright and supports the free
circulation and processing of ideas. Creative Commons come for example on the Internet platform
Wikipedia used. Large companies show, however, still very cautious about the use of open-source
solutions. But for how long? The social media expert Carolina Madeleine Reid (2011, p.42), for
example, predicted that open source solutions the way to the company fi nd

12 (S) accessible organization developing licensing agreements that allow creators their works free
can do. They aim at easier access to media content.

24
be - although the fear of negative in fl uences on ROI 13 or the competitive strength is common.

More openness, is the motto of the future also in communication. Along with structural changes such
as fl acheren hierarchies and project work more and more companies are likely to rely on an informal
corporate culture are described in which trust and open communication appreciated and encouraged.

1.7 The Entrepreneur is the future

Creative and innovative micro-entrepreneurs from the services sector set the tone for the future.
Undoubtedly, they have the potential to take over as the driving force in ideas and knowledge
economy force a leadership role. And their numbers are increasing annually signi fi cant. According
Freelance Industry Report work in the EU currently around 12 million freelancers in the service sector
- so-called solo self-employed. Even in the US confirms the trend towards self-employment. The
Independent Workforce Index 2012 lists 17 million motivated, resilient, talented and successful
self-employed. Choose around three quarters of this path of their own free will, and only a quarter of
the step into self-employment is due to a loss of job. And they do not seem to regret this decision:

So it is not surprising that the old system is being increasingly questioned along with its values ​and
rules. Working professionals looking for more freedom, more variety and more self-realization. They
want to pursue their own business ideas, realize their personal dreams - which remained denied to
them as employees - or simply doing what is fun to them. Entrepreneurs take control into their own
hands, are their own boss and thus make their own decisions - with

13 Return on investment; return on investment

25
 coworking Space

all the consequences. Frequent guests motivations are a higher work-life Flexibility to take control of
their own careers and the independence of location of the workplace.

Figure 2: mobility flows in the labor market (according to Schulze Buschoff, 2006)

Around two-thirds of self-employed belong to the group of own-account workers. In this case, such as
the type of Plug 'n Play Worker arise mainly in the service sector new, non-traditional forms of (solo)
independence. According to Independent Workforce Index (MBO Partners, 2012) want to set no other
employees, 63 percent of self-employed. Only 12 percent want to grow, so will self-employer
self-employed.

The scientist Karin Schulze Buschoff (2006) attests to the solo self-employment and the transition
from employment to the employer autonomy an important role. So comes the purchase form of the
solo self-employment for future employer self-employed during a transition period - for a limited time -
to wear.

And another thing be fl ügelt the trend towards self-employment: A service company can be found
usually without much fi nancial risk. Technical innovations such as cloud-based IT solutions

26
Internet telephony or fast data connections reduce the initial costs for new entrepreneurs and
dramatically accelerate the start-up process. Particularly bene fi t thereof nomadic knowledge worker.

In addition to the type of activity the personal skills play an important role, not least. Not everyone is a
born entrepreneur. Self-employed must be independent thinking and development-oriented people
that set goals and want to achieve them. They are characterized by self-management skills and the
ability to networked and focused thinking. People with a good education, with the commitment to
lifelong learning, a lot of curiosity and belief in their own abilities, there have naturally lighter. Author
and consultant Chris Rabb (2010) even believes that successful Mikropreneurs 14 "Invisible Capital"
would work. Under "Invisible Capital» he understands besides knowledge and mental abilities,
language, personality characteristics, the origin, the social network as well as the work and life
experience. Self-employed must be willing to take entrepreneurial risks. However, while the traditional
employee is out of a job at a termination means a customer or project loss of self-employment is not
necessarily the end of an entrepreneur, but only a limited decline in turnover which can usually be
compensated with a new acquisition. From this perspective, the business risk of entrepreneurs in the
service sector perspective. Almost 60 percent of self-employed people see their jobs even more
secure than permanent employment, This is evident from the Freelance Industry Report (2012).
Self-employed persons express themselves as well as extremely positive about their future prospects.
You see, according to the report in the changing world of business is positioned as ideal: 78.4 percent
are optimistic or very optimistic about the future of their micro enterprise.

The number of self-employed people will increase in the coming years, and the inclusion of business
activity takes place in more recent years - often shortly after graduation. The new project makers
comparable

14 Entrepreneur who runs a small business (micro enterprise)

27
 coworking Space

add a wide range of important skills. Inga Wellmann (2009,

S. 187), the co-editor of the book "Governance of Creative Industries", characterizes the young
self-employed as follows: "The cosmopolitan orientation and the skills to deal with unstable conditions
and possible failure, enabling them to develop those strategies that after the end of can be vital
industrial capitalism. "boy micro entrepreneurs often do not exert in the traditional sense de fi ned
profession, but they have a Tätigkeitspro fi le. This consists of eigenmotiviertem and independent
thinking and action along individual, often trans-disciplinary fields of interest.

28
2
The business model

Coworking Space
 coworking Space

2. The business model Coworking Space

European and North American coworking spaces shoot as currently mushrooming. And as with the
mushrooms the variety is immense, but connect them despite all the differences, the similarities of
their species. What similarities, these are, let us consider in more detail below: How does the
business model coworking space? What considerations behind it? To do this we examine its core
values, its development, the composition of coworking communities, service offerings, networking of
communities as well as the strengths and to alternative work models.

2.1 core values ​and Definition

As individual as the coworkers are their haunts: Hardly a coworking space are the same - her neither
the equipment nor the culture. They often bear the personal signature of its founders or current
operators and therefore often have their own unique "soul". However, all have in common the basic
values

Collaboration, Community, Sustainability, Openness and Accessibility.

core value Background / Declaration

Collaboration Collaboration: The will to cooperate with others to common advertising

te to create. This may be the most powerful core value.

Community Community: A group of like-minded people, which contributes something to the community and
benefited from it in return.
Sustainability Sustainability: A common theme in terms of finance, the sustainability of
Community and the careful use of scarce resources.
Openness Openness: The willingness to share ideas and information, and openness to other coworkers.

Accessibility Accessibility: Working in a coworking space should be physically accessible financially and the
workplace.

Figure 3: The five core values ​of coworking spaces (according to Kwiatkowski & Buczynski, 2011)

32

M. Schürmann, Coworking Space DOI 10.1007 / 978-3-658-02465-9_2, © Springer

Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013
These five core values ​in all described in this book coworking spaces 15 lived. More difficult is a precise
de fi nition of the concept of coworking space, because the various manifestations of this new
business model defy strict categorization. Finally, each coworking space is a coined by the individual
needs of each community unique. we add the puzzle of different opinions from industry insiders and
field observations together, however can ends a common denominator fi.

The key characteristics of a coworking space describes the trend researchers Holm Friebe (2008)
aptly, if somewhat minimalist, with the following nouns: working space, social space, contact area,
utility room, information room, game room, development room, meeting room, Open Plan, idea room,
meeting facilities and showroom. Seen in forming a working space with fl exible structures - a mix of
open-plan office, office space and coffee - because the heart of every coworking space.

combines with the Kurzde fi nition "open source, community-based business model" Susan Evans
(2011), founder of coworking space of fi ce Nomads in Seattle, the fundamentals of the business
model very positively co. It emphasizes the fact that coworking space projects will never conceived as
a big money machine and supports the view that the community spirit is always at the center.
Coworking spaces have since also all have a strong, internally and externally networked community -
mainly consisting of freelancers and micro-entrepreneurs. In addition, many former coworkers stay
with her former coworking space by events or consultation in contact, which favors besides a valuable
know-how transfer and the formation of an expanded network.

Coworking spaces will be places where new, pioneering ideas and concepts are developed and
implemented. In particular, they support start-up activities, which the five portrais in the third chapter

15 See. Portraits in Chapter 3

33
 coworking Space

Confirm: In Berlin betahaus is set to a complex and take a broad community. The Startup Sauna
promotes entrepreneurship by students and graduates of Aalto University. In Google Campus London
young entrepreneurs are from the IT sector in the center. Sole Illes COWORK in Paris dedicated to
promoting a strong community of women prescribed and the Zurich hub supports Social
Entrepreneurship. The business model coworking space therefore does not form a straitjacket, but
can be fl exible to the particular circumstances and changes to adjust. Based on the five core values
​the result is a very individual microcosm, tailored to the needs of each community and influenced by
the ideas of their operators.

The Coworking Spaces movement has yet to consolidate their identity. On the other hand, he will fi nd
themselves in various forms, such as the fledgling corporate Powered Coworking Space 16 Google
Campus London shows, again and again. This factor, as well as previous versions, the following de fi
nition meet:

Coworking Space: Integrated and flexible business and working model that focuses on the needs of
entrepreneurs, creative and knowledge workers. Each coworking space is based on the five core values ​of
collaboration, community, sustainability, openness and accessibility. In addition to the working area of ​the creation
of a network for exchange of knowledge, innovation and training in the foreground, which further brings the
coworkers in their business activity.

Figure 4: Definition business model Coworking Space

16 Coworking space, which is founded by a (large) companies or supported

34
2.2 A new business model is created

2005 published Brad Neuberg in his blog "Coding in Paradise", an article a little long geratenen title
"Coworking - Community for Developers who work from home. This week is the fi rst week of
coworking, something I am setting up. " In it, he called coworking spaces as an exciting alternative for
the self-employed. However, although the coworking space is regarded as a new work and business
model, the idea branchenspezi fi c shared offices in approach was earlier. So exist in New York under
the name of The Writers Room since 1978 a kind of coworking space for journalists and writers. What
is new is the professional reared business model: this is a coworking space is different because even
fundamentally different from conventional, purely pro fi torientierten workplace landlords and business
centers such as Regus 17 which are limited largely to the provision of infrastructure. They usually lack
not only the Community and the associated valuable exchange of knowledge, but also the incubator
aspect with the advanced services. Business Center serve no single one of the five core values ​of
coworking spaces. In terms of audience they seem rather old-school professionals to attract - after the
type of Ryan Bingham, George Clooney embodies him in the film "Up in the Air". And less digital
natives who are looking for the exchanges and cooperation with other coworkers.

The origin of the coworking space idea went to the researchers and consultants Bastian Lange (2009)
from geeks. They networked their computers built virtual platforms and met regularly in cafes with
Wi-Fi. This soon the idea of ​their own rooms to fi nd, for example, cheap to rent factory floors
developed once. The first coworking spaces in the form as we know them today, were from 2005 in
Silicon Valley, based in San Francisco and New York of freelancers from IT and advertising. New
York is because even today, along with Berlin and London, the epicenter of the coworking scene.

17 Provider of workplace solutions, www.regus.com

35
 coworking Space

Coworking spaces correspond to a pressing need of many Micropreneuren, virtual workers and freelancers. No
longer they want isolation from working from home. You are looking for social interaction. Goodbye quiet chamber,
hi exchange, inspiration and community. The vibrant places of work have since developed in a short time to a
professional and attractive alternative to coffee shops, restaurants, libraries or start-up centers. Thus, the number of
coworking spaces has doubled in recent years annually: Existed worldwide in 2006 only 30 coworking spaces
(deskmag, 2011), was in 2013 already broken the 3000 mark. Most coworking spaces fi nd in North America and
Europe, on the other continents they are still few and far between. However, the number is expected to grow rapidly,
because especially in less developed countries a wide layer of young people with a university degree and a strong
entrepreneurial spirit grows. The development continues at the same pace, will be available worldwide via 10'000
coworking spaces as of the year, 2015. Here, there is a trend towards larger coworking space can be stated start
with 40 or more members, but also towards coworking branches and networks. A pioneering role assumes the HUB
network, which is currently expanding around the globe. Here, there is a trend towards larger coworking space can
be stated start with 40 or more members, but also towards coworking branches and networks. A pioneering role
assumes the HUB network, which is currently expanding around the globe. Here, there is a trend towards larger
coworking space can be stated start with 40 or more members, but also towards coworking branches and networks.
A pioneering role assumes the HUB network, which is currently expanding around the globe.

But the rapid growth also calls for its victims. Roughly around one in five of the previously opened
coworking spaces had been close its doors. Prominent examples are the HUB Brussels, who
disappeared from the scene surface in November 2012, and the betahaus Cologne, which had to
close its doors in spring, 2013. The reasons are mostly fi nancial nature, if the generated revenues
are not sufficient to cover rent and operating expenses. For this, the circumstance may contribute to
the coworking space operators sometimes lack the necessary business knowledge. Too often
entrepreneurial considerations in favor of the five co-working principles are neglected.

As with all labor models, it needs an initiator and operators for the existence of a coworking space.
These roles usually take young entrepreneurs, called Coworking Space Catalysts. Often stands
behind the effort, one for personal needs and wishes

36
create rule designed workstation. The establishment of a coworking space is done according to the
pattern "Community fi rst": To make ahead of the establishment of two to four Catalysts a founder
community, which is then supplemented with potential coworkers by word of mouth or calling on social
media platforms. Once the founders community is and the appropriate rooms could be found, the
operation can start. The founder or founders then take over the task of leading the coworking space
as hosts and to gain further coworkers for the coworking concept. Tonia Welter (2011), co-founder of
the beta house Berlin, compares the task of the host with the task of a host in dealing with his
regulars: "He must ensure that the users feel comfortable and an atmosphere is created that exudes
hospitality. 18 in Paris or the industry pioneer IndyHall in Philadelphia.

Following the trend, recently also take large companies, the initiative for the introduction of coworking
spaces. Thus, the users and operators of coworking spaces not recruit longer exclusively from the
creative avant-garde. On the contrary: After the freaks and nerds discovered an increasingly wider
range of people and institutions, the business model coworking space as promising workplace. More
about this in the next chapter.

2.3 A typology of coworking spaces

Along with the strong proliferation of coworking spaces can already be seen different forms of
business model. Five major categories of coworking spaces can be identified: Midsize and Big
Community Coworking Space, Small Community coworking space, corporate Powered coworking
space, University Related coworking space and pop-up coworking space. They differ not only in size
but also in terms Branchenaf fi nity and type of operator.

18 See. Portrait in Section 3.4

37
 coworking Space

Midsize and Big Community Coworking Space

Under this category, we understand the classical coworking space that offers according to the 2nd
Global Coworking Survey (2011) space for about 40 coworkers. However, he de fi ned not by the
number of jobs by a branchenspezi fi c or strategic direction, which allows a wide variety of shapes
and concepts. This category also includes the giants of the industry, such as the betahaus Berlin or
the Coworking networks HUB and tech hub, which in turn have multiple branches.

Image: Big community coworking space betahaus Berlin

Small Community Coworking Space

Now, one might wonder how big a shared office space because is considered coworking. For
example, form three Gra fi ker sharing for cost reasons, a working space, a coworking space? Hardly,
but it is much more important than the criterion of the size that the five core values 19 of co-

19 See. Section 2.1, core values ​and Definition

38
working spaces are lived. So a small collaborative workspace with 10 workstations as Small
Community coworking space can already work. Often infected just behind these gems lot of passion
and the atmosphere is very familiar, such as the Paris Sole Illes COWORK.

Corporate Powered Coworking Space

More and more large companies discover the business model coworking space as a valuable addition
in the areas of work organization, research and innovation. Here, the coworking space is either
exclusively its own employees available or frequently ger - and sensibly - and external coworkers from
partner companies or freelancers. Setting a good example of the Network Orange coworking space
walk in Toronto, sponsored by ING Direct Bank, or the Hannover coworking space module 57, behind
the TUI Germany. A slightly different alignment has the Google Campus in London, the chapter

is portrayed in detail 3.5. In the future is expected to proliferation of corporate Powered coworking
spaces, as described in Section 4.7.

Image: Barclays supports the coworking space Central Working in London

39
 coworking Space

University Related Coworking Space

Coworking spaces provide ideal conditions to apply knowledge that one has re-appropriated. They
are recommended as a bridge between theory and practice and support students in the
implementation of practical projects. This makes the business model for universities especially
attractive - regardless of whether they occur as operators or partners of coworking spaces. The most
prominent example is the Startup Sauna in Helsinki 20 a project that was initiated by students at the
Aalto University. Other examples are the Reynolds School of Journalism, part of the University of the
University of Nevada, which went down to the coworking space Reno Collective a partnership, or the
University of Tübingen, which built on its campus own coworking space.

University Related coworking spaces have a lot of potential 21 but could remain a rare occurrence due
to carrier structures and scarce university budgets.

Pop-up coworking space

Pop-up coworking spaces are only temporarily active communities. They are used either as a
laboratory with a view to a later permanent coworking space or be opened by companies specifically
for a particular project. In such projects and external employees can be involved alongside larger
internal project groups. A recent example is the coworking space of the Swiss Federal Railways in
Zurich 22nd

Another aspect are pop-up coworking spaces that are shared by private or public property owners for
the temporary use of a building. Thus, the city of Lucerne her former Hal-

20 See. Portrait in Chapter 3.

21 See. Section 4.8, Fresh wind in the educational landscape

22 See. Section 4.7, also large companies like coworking

40
lenbad temporarily to private operators. Under the name Neubad the building houses at cheap rates
showrooms, studios and jobs.

2.4 The working environment of the Plug 'n Play Worker

Coworking spaces are interior design unique: Individually designed and with a touch of architectural
nonchalance they reflect concept, strategic direction and spirit of community resist. Thus, a coworking
space can modern and give generously as the seven-story Google Campus in London, but also
modest and improvised such as Sole Illes COWORK in Paris. With all the independence in
appearance but some similarities in terms of infrastructure and equipment can be identified. The
following plan shows the central elements of a coworking space.

Figure 5: Sample outline of a coworking space

41
 coworking Space

The core area of ​a coworking space is always made up of the same ingredients:

Flex or Hotdesks awarded daily on a first-come-first-served basis,

Fixdesks that coworkers are permanently assigned,

Private Of fi ces, which are suitable as lockable rooms for small enterprises and especially start-ups
with several employees and some are on separate floors.

The coffee corner - in more coworking spaces, a bistro lounge with serviced snack bar - the lifeline of
each coworking space. Because much like how the world is changed in student shared flats at the
kitchen table, arise between espresso and latte macchiato the big ideas, there are interesting
discussions and valuable exchange of creative ideas.

For professional infrastructure always include meeting rooms that can be rented separately and can
withdraw the coworkers for undisturbed internal meetings and client meetings. Larger coworking
spaces also feature modular conference rooms for events, Barcamps or Unconferences 23rd Also very
popular are (sun) terraces or gardens as an inspiring oasis for meetings, brainstorming sessions or
simply for a relaxing break in the fresh air.

Regardless of the room amenities include high-speed Internet connections with WiFi, multifunction
printer and an electronic room reservation system of the basic equipment of coworking spaces. In
addition to the technical infrastructure lockers, mail boxes, and 24/7 access for resident coworkers
(permanent members) are important.

23 Conference which is designed by its participants themselves

42
2.5 More than one place of work

In fact, the basic performance of a coworking space from providing a working space. Coworking
spaces to reduce to that would be, but completely wrong. Because around this core, the coworkers
community, consisting of external experts, former coworkers and many other interested parties
gathered. Although these do not work in coworking space, but be part of the extended services, which
ege mainly from the three areas Netzwerkp fl, composed knowledge transfer and start-up and
innovation. So exist even coworking spaces, such as the Startup Sauna or the Google campus, where
the accompanying activities occupy the same status as the workplace.

Figure 6: core performance and expanded by coworking spaces

The first area of ​the extended range of coworking spaces revolves around the so important for
entrepreneurs establishing and expanding a network to potential partners, customers, future
employees

43
 coworking Space

tern, investors and other valuable people 24th Coworking spaces are rich sources of new acquaintances.
In addition to coffee or lunch breaks specially created events provide welcome opportunities to meet,
exchange and networks. Whether "Sexy Salad Wednesday", "Beta Breakfast" or "Beta Dinner":
Curing of the coworking space members to each other, but also with exciting external personalities,
always happens in a relaxed, uncomplicated atmosphere, even if behind it strategic business
interests. So it comes as a matter of completing the team to open up new sales channels or the
runner's capital to fi.

A second region, which complements the core range of coworking forms of Knowledge transfer. Many
coworking spaces offer exciting training opportunities - both coworkers and external stakeholders.
State of the art in this area is certainly the Google Campus in London, performing around 450
workshops annually. Many of the courses are organized by the coworkers equal to itself, some are
free, others ChargesI fl portant. As you learn about in a one-day workshop, as it is easy to make a
website with the content management system WordPress or how to develop Android apps. Other
coworking space such as the Startup Sauna, focus on longer-term programs, including the Startup
Sauna program 25th The groove of the young entrepreneurs and their creativity seem in any case to be
contagious, and transfer then this quickly from company to company within the coworking space.
Coworker develop new ideas and bring their own ideas into the community one. It is discussed,
assessed and create together new. As already described, there is a give-and-take mentality - helping
others coworkers and bene fi ts in return from the knowledge and skills of peers. This valuable
exchange within the Community and with external partners, is because the real USP of the coworking
space model.

24 See. Section 2.9, a highly networked community

25 See. Section 3.3, Portrait Startup Sauna

44
an active Start-up and innovation support is the third important area in many coworking spaces.
With specially developed workshops, themenspezi fi c lectures or complete incubation and coaching
programs start-ups are promoted. Practical examples are the Kick Start program or the StartUp
Weekend in the HUB, the startup floor in betahaus or Summer of Startups and the startup speed
dating in the Startup Sauna. Young entrepreneurs with highly promising business ideas are often
additionally honored and supported. In the HUB, this is done for example in the context of
Inkubationsprogrammes HUB Fellowship. In betahaus beta pitch assumes a similar role, and in the
Startup Sauna beckons the most successful graduates of the Startup Sauna program a stay in Silicon
Valley. The many positive examples, 26th

2.6 Special forms

Coworking does not necessarily in a "Space" instead fi nd. What may sound strange or even
contradictory at first glance, is typical of the vibrant business model. With Jellies and Barcamps two
new forms of cooperation, committed to the generation of knowledge and the promotion of innovation
created account, under the coworking movement. In addition, the rapidly growing number of
coworking spaces opened up a new perspective for Globetrotter: so-called Nomad Coworking.

jellies represent a form of time-limited coworking. Referred to as ad hoc or casual coworking working
model is always open to a wider audience and is, according to author Drew Jones (2009) as "gateway
drug" for permanent coworking. Jellies can be made online or on-site in a temporary or permanent
coworking space, spontaneously or periodically, such as at the Jelly Week 27 instead of-

26 See section 2.8. The launch pad for young entrepreneurs

27 Worldwide Jelly Week 2012: jellyweek.tumblr.com

45
 coworking Space

fi nd. The name Jelly comes (English: Jellies) the original idea to get around a bowl of jelly beans to
gather and create something together on a specific topic. Also Jellies are thus that shared thoughts
undertakes the coworking community wants to live according.

In Zurich, for example, is a jelly-group named "Zurich Musician's Network" active. According to the
company (Za fi ro, 2012) their purpose the exchange among music lovers with the aim to further
accommodate each other. This is done by separate or joint music projects are driven or making
arrangements to spontaneous jam sessions. Another Zurich Jelly group called "Women Brainstorming
Business - Switzerland" and meets regularly at Starbucks Bellevue in Zurich. According to Lisa
Chuma (2012), founder of the group, fi nd the meetings held monthly. The aim is to exchange ideas in
the form of a brainstorming session on topics related to business creation.

Barcamps are a new, emerged also from the coworking space-movement form of seminars or
workshops. In contrast to the conventional type of these events Barcamps are much less structured
therefore. Typically, content and process by the participants themselves are determined. The
Barcamps sharing knowledge and are intended to help participants to discuss their business ideas or
simply to learn from the other barcamp participants.

The coworking space "gangplank" 28 about once a week leads under the name "Hack Nights" a
Barcamp by (Gangplank, 2012). The range of topics is broad, but always has the exchange of ideas
and knowledge, or the start of a new project at the center. So Hack Nights example, were carried out
on site programming with WordPress, which provides a basic introduction or specific problems have
been resolved.

28 http://gangplankhq.com

46
Also as part of the Coworking Europe Conference in 2011 and 2012 were played in for half a day
Barcamps. The participants were invited to submit proposals for the areas to be machined threads to
two hours before the start of Barcamps. were subsequently generated in parallel rather than fi
ndenden Panels ideas on the subject of coworking in six. The participants of a panel created equal,
the program for the next big coworking conference, while others discussed the future of the coworking
movement.

Today, Berlin, Zurich tomorrow and the day after Cape Town: Nomad coworking
is the new interpretation of nomadism - the move away from the sedentary existence in the same old
office back to the mobile hunter-gatherer life. Equipped with a powerful laptop, Internet and cloud
access as well as a bag with the essentials pull the coworking nomads around the globe. Stayed is in
private accommodation - for example, booked through Airbnb or Couchsur fi ng - and worked at a
nearby coworking space. Once the knowledge workers no leisure and inspiration more fi nd, they
move on and work from a new destination from their projects.

Unlike the conventional expats that are moved guren of global corporations like chess fi, Nomad
coworkers are more mobile. This will keep them depending on the project - as well depending on your
mood - sometimes only a few days, sometimes several weeks in one place. Nomad Coworker fi nd so
inspired while learning about foreign cultures. They use the opportunity to build a global network of
business partners.

2.7 composition and demographics of coworkers

Coworker as a homogeneous structure to de fi ne is not easy, and yet there are similarities: As a
young, risk taker and full of ideas would probably most coworker - describe themselves - regardless of
their background. provides insightful richer results to the target group of coworkers the "1st Global
Coworking Survey" (2010). This shows that 53 percent of coworkers are freelancers or self-employed.
24 percent are employees of a company and 14 percent of entrepreneurs

47
 coworking Space

own employees. Remarkable is the high educational level of the coworkers: 74.4 percent have a
bachelor's or master's degree - 4.1 percent even a PhD. As the following Gra fi c shows, Coworker
move mainly in the service industry, many in the creative industry and in new media.

Figure 7: Occupation of coworkers (following deskmag & TU Berlin, 2010)

Representatives of the computer science industry (Web Developer, programmers and IT specialists)
constitute about one-third of the members in the coworking spaces. Gra fi ker, consultants and
marketers are more strongly represented professional groups. Basically, a coworking space is also
suitable for a variety of other activities in the service sector, such as lawyer, salesman, accountant or
lecturer.

Demographic fi cally considered the 25 are the largest target group to 39 year olds. About two thirds
of coworkers are men, a third of women (Förtsch,
2011), wherein the composition of Space to Space partially varies greatly.

48
allowed to search for people with the coworking gene and the "2nd Global Coworking Survey" (2011)
valuable insights. It answers such questions: "Where did you work before you worked in a coworking
space?" However, the results of the survey contradict the widely held view that most coworkers had
previously worked mainly on the road, in cafes or libraries. These groups, although there are a total
11 percent of respondents, but most coworkers (58 percent) call the Homeof fi ce than formerly
primary workplace. The second largest group (22 percent) previously worked in traditional offices or
studios.

Figure 8: Place of work before using a coworking space (deskmag, 2011)

In addition to freelancers, young and Micro Enterprise coworking spaces accommodate increasingly,
employees of corporations and NGOs. Large companies that are interested in the joint use of a
coworking space should, however, prepare specifically on the peculiarities of this operational model.
For example, possible risks related to IT security or dealing with confidential information must be
previously clarified and regulated. Even managers who are embedded in traditional organizational
structures do well to familiarize themselves with the business model to your project plans coworking
space-compati-

49
 coworking Space

bel to make. Often, large companies and NGOs but not use the coworking space option permanently,
but for special projects - such as in the field of open innovation that will ends outside the usual
structures instead fi. The Berlin betahaus for example cooperates comparatively frequently g with
large companies. The corporations interested primarily of how the new working model works and how
it can from its innovation bene fi t. Already put large companies increasingly to working with
freelancers or want to know, can be integrated as coworking space-like working structures in-house.
For the car-sharing project "car2go" about DaimlerChrysler entered into a cooperation with the
betahaus which specially prepared set specific areas within the coworking space.

Many coworking spaces de fi ne your audience equal to itself, because not all and sundry are
welcome. In the HUB, for example, a conversation about the admission of new coworkers decide. So
the community is because even primarily from coworkers with a focus on social entrepreneurship
together - all in accordance with the strategic direction and the de fi ned values ​of the HUB. This
composition is deliberately promoted by internal guidelines and the personal interview.

Other coworking spaces invite their prospects to an event to get to know each other and make sure
they fit or existing community appropriately complement them. Both in betahaus and in the Startup
Sauna is especially true for coworkers from the online media professionals who work in the fields of
web design, Internet-based solutions as well as mobile and Facebook app. In the Startup Sauna
these are frequently g master and PhD students - a natural fit because of the connection to the Aalto
University. With brine Illes COWORK in Paris, however, the community consists mostly of women
members. An example of a branchenspezi fi c coworking space is the Creative Media Lab 29 at
Alexanderplatz in Berlin, where mainly romp journalists, copywriters and PR people.

29 www.creativemedialab.de

50
In almost all coworking spaces, for those who merely looking for a job with infrastructure or new
customers, but at a further contact with the community is not interested, has bad cards. The added
value for the community in terms of knowledge sharing is simply too small for such prospects.

2.8 The launch pad for young entrepreneurs

For young entrepreneurs coworking spaces are particularly valuable institutions. They provide
technical support in the starting phase and facilitate the transition from the solo self-employment in
the employer independence. They can also open the doors to potential business and cooperation
partners with complementary knowledge or fi nancial resources. Especially for young entrepreneurs
who are looking for business growth, coworking spaces provide an ideal temporary working model
(see. Figure 9). They bridge the gap between the work Homeof fi ce and the activity in rented office
space. This opens up not only interesting growth prospects, but it also increases the chances of
survival of start-ups.

Figure 9: Transitionsort, coworking space as a temporary working model (own illustration)

The function of the coworking space as a temporary working model can be nicely explain to the
corporate life cycle, which is divided into Vorgründung creation and growth. So business ideas often
arise during a permanent position or in the course of studies. On-

51
 coworking Space

Closing these ideas are fleshed home in the so-called pre-foundation phase. The primary place of
work forms the Homeof fi ce. Shortly before or shortly after the commencement of operations

- but still in the establishment phase - the connection is sought to a coworking space. There, the
business idea can work out in detail, develop, discuss with coworkers and translate it into a business
plan. The benefits of knowledge transfer and the opportunity to build a broad network of potential
partners are used so selectively.

Also on the start-up phase, the coworking space is the ideal place to grow. It is up to a company size
of five employees (full-time equivalents). Thereafter, in the growth phase size is achieved, which
allows to rent their own rooms. In addition, it is from this size usually difficult nd a suitable space to fi
within a coworking space. Offers of technology parks can offer interesting perspectives and meet the
changing needs of expanding companies often better. This approach is also true for companies that
are already established in a market and aim to open a branch in a new geographical fi c market. For
example, a company founded in England in Paris coworking space Sole Illes COWORK his France fi
liale or a company from Italy in London coworking space Central Working his England fi liale. Once
the business was, the company moved into its own office space from England.

Analyzes of successful micro enterprises in coworking spaces reveal a consistent pattern: Many
young entrepreneurs come up with a more or less concrete idea in the coworking space. There they
develop their business plans and refine the business model. They use the wide range of services for
start-ups as well as the expertise and the feedback from the community. In addition, you will fi nd in
various forms of direct or indirect fi nancial support or are supported in the search for investors. The
Urban Farmers, for example, recruited their entire team of people working or HUB were connected to
the coworking space as a partner. Looking back, they write the offer of the HUB a sizeable share of
the company's success in the

52
Start-up phase. The company Coffee Circle owes the coworking space betahaus in Berlin a
successful startup phase where he was awarded the first "Startup of the Week". And the software
company Ovelin - founded and grew up in the Startup Sauna - pro fi benefited significantly from the
coworking space Coummunity and broad offer for young entrepreneurs. Proof of their success is,
among other things-won of them title "Best European Learning Game 2011".

2.9 A well-networked community

Coworking form pulsating and powerful nodes, because they combine an already strong internal
community with an extensive external network.

Figure 10: networking of coworking spaces in the economic system

53
 coworking Space

With the diverse Ver fl echtungen in the economic system correspond coworking spaces to current
economic developments towards a networked project business, in which network-like organized ad
hoc teams to gain in importance. They allow a growing number of micro enterprises to participate in
the globalized economy - a privilege that was previously Corporate reserved. The network partners
can be roughly divided into four clusters: other coworking spaces, external companies, government
institutions as well as supporters and friends.

Networking among coworking spaces

Let's take a look at the networking of coworking spaces between them. For the increasingly
international coworkers, this means an easier access to potential partners and customers, thus
providing easier access to foreign markets. The development and expansion of an international
network is further promoted through international conferences of the coworking community. People
working in different geographical locations so fi c, fi company open lialen or simply looking to expand
its network, the coworking spaces offer three different options: branches, online platforms and the
Coworking Visa.

Coworking spaces such as The HUB, betahaus or Central Working, have branch networks with
multiple locations. Depending coworkers can work on the specific membership requirement at all
branch locations. The HUB is already active on all five continents and plans to expand its network in
the coming years to 100 coworking spaces. In order ends a job to fi in this literally global networks,
developed appropriate online platforms. So connecting the Internet platform "Deskwanted" coworking
spaces with free workplaces and network coworkers who are looking for an office space. is further
promoted the global network of coworking spaces through the Coworking Visa program. It allows the
members,

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Networking with external companies and organizations

Many coworkers p fl ay relationships with external companies and organizations. So working

international corporations such as Nokia, the Swiss Federal Railways and UBS, a project basis with
coworkers together. Or they send their own employees for a certain period in coworking spaces.
Coworking spaces also offer employees of external companies a welcome alternative to working in
Homeof fi ce. Mostly on a project basis, for example in the field of sustainable enterprise (social
entrepreneurship), coworking spaces are also working with NGOs.

Networking with governmental institutions and universities

Prime Minister David Cameron visited Central Working, and Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev
visited with his fi nnischen counterpart Jyrki Katainen, the Startup Sauna. Politicians and government
agencies have an interest in promoting entrepreneurship and seek contact with coworking spaces.
This is done either directly by public authorities or indirectly through government-subsidized
universities. State support of coworking spaces - for example, by low-cost real estate made available -
makes perfect sense from an economic perspective, because coworkers create jobs and promote
innovation in a country. Particularly generous fi nancial state support coworking projects in France can
count.

Networking with sponsors and friends

Supporters and Friends of coworking spaces are an important support. So many alumni remain
(former coworkers) not only for emotional reasons, but also for economic interests with their former
coworking spaces connected. Together with other external experts they are the coworkers with their
wealth of experience to the side. In turn pro fi t from the alumni a fruitful exchange of knowledge and
in turn discover young entrepreneurs and freelancers for a possible collaboration. The high level of
innovation in coworking

55
 coworking Space

Spaces established companies also attracts investors. Coworker with promising projects and
promising business models are discovered by them and encouraged. Especially start-up fi nancing in
the form of seed or venture capital are for micro enterprises of great significance.

2.10 compared to alternative work models

Homeof fi ce, single workstation or office space? Mobile or hybrid 30 Workplace? The alternatives to
working in a coworking space are manifold. With the help of the following four evaluation criteria, the
advantages and disadvantages of each model compared to the coworking space can consider:
knowledge transfer and innovation potential, network and community, flexibility and expansion
capabilities and infrastructure and cost 31st

Knowledge transfer and innovation potential

With regard to the transfer of knowledge and innovative potential coworking spaces offer clear
advantages: the exchange with a heterogeneous and inspiring community motivated to develop
common ideas and support each other with experiences, tips and feedback to coworkers. Since the
alternative working models can not match. Too often home workers turn their ideas in a circle, without
coming to a green branch. And even with conventional office pools usually are only economic
considerations in the foreground when it comes to the sharing of rooms and infrastructure. Ideas and
concepts are developed in isolation from each other and implemented.

30 Hybrid work: place that was not primarily set up as a place of work, as beispielswei-
se cafes or public transport
31 Qualitative analysis (Schurmann M., 2012)

56
The fear that mutually ideas are stolen within a coworking space is indeed not be dismissed out of
hand. Nevertheless, experienced coworkers estimate the risk to be rather low: The Community
attaches great importance to adhere to the core values ​of coworking, and is accustomed to a
professional handling of sensitive data.

Network and Community

Self employed, but not alone, independent, but not isolated: The coworking space offers very good
conditions to come up with potential business partners, employees or customers in contact and
exchange ideas. Also can be quickly and easily ad hocTeams put together and even implement whole
business ideas or business models - of course depending on the size and sector diversity within the
coworking space. In a conventional office space, this is hardly possible under certain conditions and
for the other working models. In individual office as well as in Homeof fi ce there is a risk of social
isolation. On an individual level it feels faster that one falls the ceiling upside down.

Flexibility and expansion possibilities

Also in relation to the criterion of flexibility and expansion possibilities of coworking space offers the
most advantages. So can a workplace also rent short term and customize thanks fl exible rental
models customized to the current needs of coworkers. Especially for companies in transition fi nd
themselves - for example, in a start-up phase or expanding - these are strong arguments.

The increasing spread of coworking workers who work in different locations, use the respective
nächstgelegenenen coworking space can. This helps to reduce long commutes and commuter stress
and unproductive time. In addition, short commutes from an ecological perspective are meaningful
and contribute to the relief of the transport networks.

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 coworking Space

Maximum flexibility showed the coworking space scene in the fall of 2012 during Hurricane Sandy.
While thousands of companies in Manhattan up to a week had no electricity in their offices, coworkers
found refuge in neighboring coworking spaces in Upper Manhattan or Brooklyn. the coworkers were
able to also real time of the currently available work places with electricity and a functioning WLAN via
a specially bridged website.

Infrastructure and costs

Most coworking spaces provide a rich and modern office infrastructure. Wi-Fi, printer, meeting rooms,
conference rooms and coffee corner are standard. What's more, with its professional and frequently
even g representative environment - often of developed in the best location in the city center - they
are ideal for the reception of customers. An advantage appreciate the mainly former home workers,
they are no longer compelled to receive their customers at home at the kitchen table. And they do not
come as fast tempted to commute until lunchtime in pajamas between TV, fridge and PC.

Moreover, since the costs are shared among each of the entire community, no other work model
offers in addition to the office space a comparably favorable cost-benefit ratio as the coworking
space.

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3
Five portraits of successful

coworking spaces
 coworking Space

Third Five portraits of successful coworking spaces

Coworking spaces are not the work of theorists. You are not a result of extensive research. They were
and are created by creative practitioners who seek improvements in their everyday work. To
understand the phenomenon coworking space in all its facets, we go to Berlin, Helsinki, London, Paris
and Zurich. Thus, each of the following coworking spaces has its own microcosm, the following
individual visions and strategies and implement the basic concept of a standalone mode.

3.1 betahaus - Berlin

The betahaus - right on the Moritz Platz in Berlin Kreuzberg - already has cult status. The lively city
has become a kind of flagship coworking space and is known far beyond Germany. In which
something in the aging, five-story industrial building 2000 square meters offer enough space for
approximately 200 coworkers. The publicly accessible coffee bar is the focal point of the community
and at the same residence, work and event space. Here the coworkers for the next labor strengthen;
Here plans are made and here the personal network will be expanded.

The betahaus houses a large and heterogeneous coworking community and a wide range of services
and events. Equally varied is the space: Divided into different zones, it has fi xed and variable
individual and group work spaces, open-plan offices and separate rooms for micro enterprises who
want a higher level of privacy. There are also meeting rooms, an arena for presentations as well as a
250 meters square "Innovation Space" for larger events. The entire building is equipped with Wi-Fi,
and each coworker with fi xem workplace has its own mailbox, where he friend every morning his
personal mail before fi.

62

M. Schürmann, Coworking Space DOI 10.1007 / 978-3-658-02465-9_3, © Springer

Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013
Image: Entrance to betahaus - Berlin

The Berlin original betahaus now has branches in Hamburg, Barcelona and So fi a. In Berlin,
incidentally, was first in a 260-square-foot loft of "emergency" rehearsed how operators tell of
betahaus. Tonia Welter 32 ( 2011), co-founder of betahaus, explains: "The first 20 test users for the
betahaus were sought via Facebook." At that time a permanent job for a month cost 100 euros and
the coworkers had to take their own office furniture. Today pay coworkers for a hotdesk 149 and for a
Fixdesk 229 euros per month.

The coworking concept is the focus

There is an open, friendly, bustling atmosphere. In no time you get with coworkers this week. The
betahaus appears with its strategic direction and its corporate values ​perfectly the Berlin scene
consisting meet from young freelancers, artists and students. "The betahaus is extremely relaxed,
creative and comparatively alternatively - some with slightly disorganized charm. typical berlinerisch

32 Literature Tip: Welter T., The Beta principle: Coworking and the Future of Work

63
 coworking Space

stop, "grins Martin Elwert (2012), coworkers of the first hour and founder of Coffee Circle. The name
betahaus reflects the strategy of the institution he comes from software development, where the terms
refer "beta" or "beta" on trying aspect. Also the betahaus project is to be understood as open-ended
process, which is constantly developed together with the coworkers (betahaus, 2012).

Image: coworking space, betahaus - Berlin

The operator of the betahaus (2012) describe their orientation as a collaborative work space as
follows: "The betahaus is a platform that meets the needs of independent creative professionals and
knowledge workers and expanded their options. In a mixture of relaxed coffee house atmosphere and
concentrated working environment, this is a space that will be promoted in the collaborative
innovation and creativity "It is obvious that the founders wanted to create a space where, as it were
the work of newly He fi nds -. Focuses on people who have no desire for a job in the traditional sense.
The betahaus members see themselves as part of the global coworking community and share their
five core values. The coworkers Roman Gaus (2012) says: "Heart of betahaus is

64
the community idea. For people who stay here a long time, it's not just a job, but it is part of the
betahaus community. "

A colorful mix of coworkers

The coworking community in betahaus is about two-thirds of freelancers and one-third of start-up
teams. Many come from the multimedia field, build mobile and social media apps or are active in the
field of web design and web conception.

In accordance with the values ​of betahaus Martin Elwert (2012) describes the audience as a colorful,
wacky business ideas and as international. On an international audience, the website is hosted by
betahaus: content, such as the calendar of events are mainly held in English.

A diverse crowd of young entrepreneurs took advantage of the already betahaus as a launching pad for a successful
mission. One example is the Coffee Circle - a company that deals with fair trade coffee and supported development
projects. The Coffee Circle owners see themselves as pioneers of a new kind of trade. Buy the coffee in Ethiopia
directly from farmers with whom long-term cooperation is and who grow the coffee in 100 percent organic quality in
woodland gardens in the highlands of Ethiopia. In addition, at a fair price that is paid to the farmers, supported Coffee
Circle with one euro per kilo sold coffee development projects of the coffee farmers. The three founders developed the
business plan in the coworking space, and took from there also commenced operations. They were awarded the first
"Startup of the Week". Martin Elwert (2012) writes in relation to his now fl orierendes company Coffee Circle the
betahaus an important role during the start-up phase of his company to: "We are very grateful to the betahaus, because
it has brought us an awful lot." He estimates exchanges with designers, developers and businesses who were also in
the start phase is: "There has been very much devoted to us - for example, by talking to people like programmers,
designers and PR experts. Who have given us very helpful. " Developers and companies who were also in the start
phase is: "There has been extremely devoted much with us - for example, by talking to people like programmers,
designers and PR experts. Who have given us very helpful. " Developers and companies who were also in the start
phase is: "There has been extremely devoted much with us - for example, by talking to people like programmers,
designers and PR experts. Who have given us very helpful. "

65
 coworking Space

In betahaus But not only out fl ippte young entrepreneurs romp. Increasingly, established companies
express interest in coworking. An example is the Otto Group, which can work its employees for
selected projects in betahaus. You will fi nd there to focus on their projects, and bene fi t from the
inspiring exchange with other coworkers the ideal environment. The international company get away
with it for a need of his young, creative people who want out of the Consolidated walls and hierarchies
realize their ideas. At the same time, the Otto Group counteracts the trend that more and more young
people prefer the path to independence, as they reject traditional businesses as cumbersome,
bureaucratic structures that mirror author Eva Buchhorn writes (2011).

Another example is TUI. The tourism group sought cooperation with the betahaus on a project basis
and posted for three months, a 24-köp fi ges team in the coworking space. With visible result: Under
the name of module 57 a TUI own coworking space project, which was not set up on the premises,
but in the university district of Hanover was born. On the website of module 57 33 ( 2012), the coworking
space described as a "place where ideas large and small businesses are."

A comprehensive advanced services

The operator of the betahaus developed a wide range of internal events and services for the
coworking community. For the betahaus operation, these are sometimes of fi nancial importance,
because only about 50 percent of sales come from the rental of jobs. Another 35 percent control at
events and conferences - the remaining 15 percent of the coffee bar. The following services and
projects are part of the extended betahaus offer:

Start-up Floor: With an entire floor you want to meet the needs of young entrepreneurs for more
retreats and teamwork

33 Modul57.de

66
satisfy. The offer also serves as a meeting place for young entrepreneurs and investors in betahaus
together fi nd. Start-ups pro fi t from also specially tailored to their consulting services. So they will
quickly and professionally - on demand - helped in all relevant areas such as business plan, financing
and taxes, the betahaus co-founder Tonia Welter (2011).

Beta Pitch: This business plan competition aimed at young entrepreneurs with start-up idea. They
write their project on a DIN A4 page down and apply for Beta Pitch, which is now a friend in eight
European cities fi. which may present their funding idea of ​a jury of ten then be selected. You can win
a place in the office betahaus for half a year and a package of support measures. The winning teams
of the local beta pitches also get the chance to compete in the Global Beta pitch against each other 34th

Company of Beta: More and more companies are waking up in the coworking model. The betahaus
provides them with the program "Company of Beta" the possibility, for example, a small business
team (called Corporate teams) for a certain period rent space in betahaus. Thus, the know-how
transfer between coworkers and external companies will be encouraged. Initial tests were very
positive for both sides.

Open Design City: This affiliated to the betahaus FabLab 35 is a digital service with 3-D printer, laser
cutters, 3-D scanner and a CNC machine. Coworker can then implement their ideas directly into
three-dimensional objects and produce prototypes or even small storage fl agen. In addition, be about
an introduction to 3-D printing, offered workshops. "A 150-square-foot chaos of man, machine and
material that is prescribed for the topics Open Design, Open Innovation and Design Thinking"
describes Tonia Welter (2011), the Open Design City.

34 See. Also www.betapitch.de

35 fabrication laboratory

67
 coworking Space

Start-up of the Week: Each week will be presented at betahaus site, a start-up. This is done in the
form of a blog entry, consisting of an image and a short interview with the owner or a business
partner. Candidates for start-up of the Week are young entrepreneurs who are billeted in betahaus
and stand out on a promising idea. This may for example be a profit of Beta pitch.

Sample work and guided tours: Prospective coworkers who fi nd out like whether the betahaus is
right for you can test this on a test working. In addition, fi nd every Tuesday and Thursday guided
tours of the betahaus.

Bastel Monday: At the public event is always worked on Mondays in the Open Design City together
on projects.

Beta breakfast and -dinner: The shared breakfast or dinner it comes to the exchange of ideas, the
presentation of projects, learning from coworkers and the Netzwerkp fl ege. Both events will fi nd once
a week and are also friends and other external people open.

3.2 Google Campus and Central Working - London

In East London Tech City emerging spirit of optimism. The Technology and start-up District - also
known as Silicon Roundabout known - was conquered downright recently by web companies. But the
real accolade in the spring of 2012: Google opened its seven-story campus, which will revive the
London start-up scene in addition here.

The Google campus is a melting pot imaginative startups and inquisitive freelancer. He identical
houses several coworking spaces and has brought to the successful operation of the campus three
strong partners on board: Seedcamp, TechHub and Central Working. Seedcamp is an incubation and
investment program which supports young entrepreneurs with mentoring and seed capital. TechHub
offers different locations

68
fl exible of work spaces where can meet and exchange technology entrepreneur. Central Working
promises with three London coworking spaces the ideal climate for ambitious young entrepreneurs.
Together, the four partners offer a diverse range that covers the needs of a wide range of start-ups,
micro entrepreneurs and freelancers.

Image: Lockers, telephone booths and reception, Central Working - London

Google not initiated the project, incidentally, primarily from pro fi tgründen but want to "give something
back to the community" in their own words. Surely this is good especially the image of Google, as the
Group has now lost much of its former credibility, since Larry Page and Sergey Brin, the company
then founded in Palo Alto as a garage start-up. In addition, Google can access many talented young
entrepreneurs and freelancers in the technology sector. That it can provide valuable collaborations
arise for both sides, Google looks like this (Google, 2013): "We also're a startup, and through campus,
we want to share what we've learned with the UK's tech startup community."

69
 coworking Space

As a corporate Powered coworking space is the Google Campus de fi nitely a place where there is a
strong network of technology and build Web allows. The community is more international than in
almost any other coworking space, because although most coworkers live in the London area, many
of them come from other parts of England or abroad. So the Google campus around 5,000 registered
users and 100 permanent members counts. Eze Vidra, initiator and host, incidentally, is the only
person who is employed by Google.

Every day fi nd place in the Google campus events that are open to outside researchers. The events
dedicated to the topics of company formation and entrepreneurship or technical content. Kept the
workshops of campus members, but also by external speakers or Google employees. An external
group that meets once a year in the Google campus, located GeekGirls calls. They appeal to women,
answer the following questions with a clear "Yes!", "Is code, web technology and startups sound like
sweet gossip over lunch or cocktails? Does ruby ​mean more to you than just that lovely shiny thing?
"(GeekGirlMeetupHK, 2013). So mainly women who are interested in the topics of web programming
and innovation meet at the "unconference" the GeekGirls.

Inside Campus - Temple of innovation

The campus is one of the world's largest coworking spaces. Each partner operates each have one or
two floors.

At the heart of the campus fi the Central Working Café friend - the rotational and pivotal point where
work and discussed and where to give imaginative young entrepreneurs, developers and investors
the jack in hand the community. It impresses with its size: The bistro spans an entire floor and can
accommodate approximately 100 coworkers. It also offers a wide range of drinks and obligations ath;
an inexpensive lunch menu is served daily. A garden invites you to work and relax.

70
Operated, the Central Working Café as non of dedicated coworking space, which is also external
persons - is available for free - provided that they have registered online.

Downstairs fi by a reception friend where can coworkers and visitors register or receive information
about current events. A large event space that is used for lectures and events of all kinds, is housed
here. There are also a chill-out area and even showers, which are the campus members about after a
night spent on work or the midday sports program.

Quasi the core of the Google campus are the two tech fl oors. Here is firmly rented by young
entrepreneurs a colorful group working exclusively on technology projects.

The third floor is reserved for events. there support the fi Springboard ends instead of 13-week
intensive coaching programs that start-ups at an early stage. Each program ends with an Investors
Day, on which all teams present their ideas to a group of venture capitalists. Springboard also awards
seed capital to promising start-ups.

On the fourth floor is Seedcamp 36 at home, a mentoring and investment program. And finally on the
top floor of fi ce, Google - including a roof terrace, which is available to all firmly rented campus
members.

TechHub community and coworking space

The TechHub is the largest coworking space within the Google campus. Three different categories of
memberships are potential coworkers to choose from: Flex, resident and team.

36 See. Www.seedcamp.com

71
 coworking Space

The Flex membership is ideal for coworkers who want a Own Campus or two days a week. So even
people are addressed, who are employed part-time or the remaining time of Homeof fi ce or another
place of work. Even for students who pursue their projects, working or working part-time, this plan is
ideal.

Resident members will receive a fixed allotted workplace and 24/7 access to the coworking space.
This category is primarily aimed at people who use the coworking space as a place of business or
spend much time in the coworking space.

Even start-ups to growth must not turn our backs on the coworking space. You allowed the team
membership, rent a room as a group. Groups with a size of six members or more can rent a room in a
locked office.

All coworkers have access to the large Google campus community and the exclusive online network.
They also receive discounts on many events and the hire of conference rooms, and can also work in
the other connected coworking spaces in Manchester, Riga and Budapest. Flex members working in
one of the connected coworking spaces is included for up to 60 days per year in membership amount
- for residents and team members even unlimited.

Central Working

Central Working operates next to the Central Working Café Campus own coworking space in
partnership with Barclays Bank in Shoreditch, next door to the Google campus. Another branch of fi
ce located in London's Bloomsbury. More are planned.

It is the core concern of Central Working to provide young entrepreneurs an environment in which
they grow and develop business ideas. Thus, it is not just about the physical place of work, but also to
support the process of networking and cooperation of the

72
Coworker. Kevin Eyres, founder of LinkedIn Europe, describes the space even as follows: (Central
Working, 2013), "Central Working is like LinkedIn for the real world.".

Upon entering the coworking space you will be greeted warmly by the two hosts Amy and Toby. The
atmosphere is very collegial and cooperative. There is a lot of activity - Coworker come and go as it
suits them just in the daily routine. The coworking space is available to members around the clock,
365 days a year open. Host Amy Coggiola (2012) emphasizes that the members would use the space
very individual, since they offer Central Working very different membership options. The work in the
coworking space is because even like fl exible combined with the work in Homeof fi ce or in another
coworking space.

Image: Meeting room in the coworking space Central Working - Shoreditch

The two dockable meeting rooms, equipped with modular seating and several flat screens for
presentations, are "state of the art". For an original touch, the two doors leading into the meeting room
provide: They were 10 and 11 modeled on the typical English house doors of Downing Street, the
residence of the Prime Minister and the Minister of Finance.

73
 coworking Space

Image: Hotdesks at Central Working - London

The community is very mixed, not only in terms of their activities. Their origins are diverse, and so the
coworkers are not only from England, but also from Italy, Spain, Sweden and the USA. In addition, the
Coworking Space stands for spontaneous or "casual coworking" available as well as for those who fi x
are rented and have a fixed business address in the space. Amy Coggiola (2013) even know of
companies that use the coworking space as a complement to their own offices.

3.3 Startup Sauna - Helsinki

Finland has developed in recent years into a true hotbed of innovative services and technology fi rms
- not least thanks to its exemplary university system. An exciting part of it is the Startup Sauna, a
coworking space, initiated by students at the Aalto University campus in Espoo, about 15 minutes by
bus from Helsinki's center.

Covering an area of ​700 square meters, a place that will make every heart beat faster young
entrepreneur was born. A real eye-catcher is the approximate

74
nary interior design: The main hall was equipped with standard containers which can accommodate
group rooms in the interior, while the container roofs are open to fi nd jobs. A group room was even
decorated in the style of a classic fi nnischen sauna. but is available a whiteboard for brainstorming
sessions instead of red-hot stones. Further, this unique coworking space has a large event room for
up to 200 visitors.

Image: Meeting room in the Startup Sauna - Helsinki

Even when booking system, the Startup Sauna went his own way and relies on a sophisticated IT
solution: All reservations and inquiries can be done online or via an attached at the individual rooms
touchscreen. Individual workstations can not be reserved - Finns prefer "hot desking". That is, there is
no "Fixdesks", as is customary in other coworking spaces, but the seats are along the lines of -
awarded "fi rst come fi rst seated."

75
 coworking Space

Opposite the Startup Sauna fi, the Design Factory friend. It is another project of Aalto University and
deals with the implementation of design and interdisciplinary studies. These are available machines
for the production of prototypes, which allow the implementing industrial design projects.

Strategic direction and corporate values

"700 m 2 coworking space - this is where the magic happens, "proclaimed modesty the website of
Startup Sauna. Juho Hyytiäinen (2012), former host of the Startup Sauna, said that they wanted to
create no coworking space originally. During the planning phase of the Community workplace,
however, it was found that all the objectives easiest could be realized in a coworking space.
Therefore, the Startup Sauna is also grown organically - one has simply opened up and found that the
offer meets a need.

Image: Bistro and Hotdesks, Startup Sauna - Helsinki

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The Startup Sauna focuses on entrepreneurship and sees itself primarily as a workplace for young
entrepreneurs, developers and entrepreneurial personalities, the institution in its mission statement
(2012). for there is also a loose, direct and uninhibited start-up culture. Hyytiäinen emphasized: "We
work hard, but also want to have fun. We can be serious without wearing a suit, as Google would say.
"He is convinced that one should let the young entrepreneurs enough freedom. In lively system of the
coworking space there must be enough room to experiment.

There is a "give-and-take mentality". Thus, for example successful former coworkers set free for
workshops or coaching services. According Hyytiäinen the Startup Sauna builds on major support
from former coworkers, "you have the Startup Sauna brought something in the startup phase and now
want to return. These people like to work with the Startup Sauna together because they like the
concept. "He cites the example of knowledge exchange between coworkers and people who once
worked in the coworking space, and are successful entrepreneurs today, such as Mikael and Niklas
Hed, the founder of Rovio 37th they also give speeches and advise young entrepreneurs in the startup
sauna.

The Startup Sauna is fully financed by the Aalto University fi. Coworker must pay a membership fee
and the offer is free for all.

A community of researchers and young entrepreneurs

The connection to the university is clearly reflected in the composition of coworkers in the Startup
Sauna. Especially people from the university environment, such as master's and PhD students with
ideas and entrepreneurial spirit, appreciate the coworking space. You will fi nd in

37 www.rovio.fi; Finnish companies in the entertainment industry, with the "Angry

Birds game became known "(Rovio Entertainment Ltd., 2012)

77
 coworking Space

the Startup Sauna easy access to people whose skills complement the knowledge and skills of fellow
students from their own research group. While yet the majority of coworkers a reference to the Aalto
University, has produced some members of external universities or come from a completely different
environment. They, too, are welcome - provided they bring their special abilities active in the
community with one, as emphasized Hyytiäinen (2012).

Many companies from the Startup Sauna are in the range of Internet-based solutions or develop
mobile. However, some also track entirely different projects, and so there are teams that design fire
alarms or electricity control panels produce. Another team is working with the authorities of Helsinki in
the Service Design.

On the website of the coworking space all start-ups are called, with the same title as the coworking
space since 2010 at the Young Entrepreneurs Program - Startup Sauna, took part. A successful
example is Ovelin 38 a former winning team of the startup sauna session. The team from Tampere
explored new approaches to learning a musical instrument. They have developed under the name
"Wild Chords" a game in the form of an app in which the user must try with his chords, "hypnotize"
animals (Ovelin, 2011). Whether on an acoustic or electric guitar, the student can then learn through
play the musical instrument. The game consists of a plurality of levels, each level corresponding to a
one-minute lesson. Each level of the claims rise to the guitar player and he learned by little play the
guitar. Ovelin received for his new development, the award "Best European Learning Game 2011". In
the coworking space they found support and important contacts with partners, including the investor.

38 www.ovelin.com

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A range of services, all focused on start-ups

Together with Europe's largest entrepreneurship community, the Aalto Entrepreneurship Society
(Aaltoes) 39, Startup Sauna has a Eventund service offering that has no equal. Aaltoes stated goal is to
bring together the talentiertesten students and researchers and to promote the start-up activities and
their international connections in and around the Aalto University in Helsinki. Five programs are
currently offered:

Startup Sauna Young Entrepreneurs Program: The seven-week learning and coaching program
includes lessons, coaching and concrete tasks. The start-ups is during this period the entire
infrastructure of the coworking space available - and every Friday is checked their progress. The most
successful teams - these are a good 50 percent of all participants - have the chance to compete to
stay in Silicon Valley. They are fi nancially supported or conveyed to potential investors.

Summer of Startups: This program is aimed at young entrepreneurs - both students and researchers
- dealing with a specific business idea. This idea of ​fi ce are generally still at an early stage and the
program lasts for two months. The teams deal intensively with their business ideas and learn how to
set up a business. They are trained, receive feedback and a small fi nancial contribution. They also
learn successful entrepreneurs and mentors know.

Startup Life: This exchange program with the Aalto University enables talented students and
researchers to complete a three- to twelve-month internship at a start-up abroad. This may be in
Silicon Valley, Singapore, London or Tel Aviv. Selected participants will receive a subsidy for their
visa and their stay.

39 http://aaltoes.com

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 coworking Space

Startup Speed ​Dating: Who is looking for a team, new employees or for a job, takes the best part of
the Startup Speed ​Dating. The regularly conducted networking event takes place according to the
following scheme: During the first 30 minutes talking to a range of people present two minutes. After
this first phase fi nd among the interested parties further talks take place

- to pizza and beer are served.

3.4 Sole Illes COWORK - Paris

just a stone's throw from the former Stock Exchange and right between the Louvre and Opéra - - In
the heart of Paris fi will fi nd these elegant coworking space. The central location in Paris business
district was a particular concern of the founders. Not like most Parisian coworking spaces that are
located in low-cost locations in peripheral arrondissements, or banlieues should Sole Illes COWORK
be perceived from the outset as ort Business - next door to key business partners and financiers.

Image: Patio and entrance, Sole Illes COWORK - Paris

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The coworking space welcomes visitors in bright orange and with a colorful selection of furniture.
There is an open, friendly, bustling atmosphere. In no time you get with coworkers this week. And
another thing stands out: the uniquely feminine embossed ambience. Because unlike most coworking
spaces, which were founded by 30-year-old mostly males, are five women behind Sole Illes
COWORK. All over 40 years old and with years of experience in positions of responsibility in
business, the founders have learned, among other things, the European Professional Women's
Network, a network for businesswomen.

Sole Illes opened in September 2011 - but only one year before the founding of a community had
gradually formed by potential Coworkerinnen. A blog, the foundation was planned step by step.

With its equipment of inspiring place corresponds exactly to the typical coworking space as it is found
more often in Europe and North America. There are generous, fl exible Open Spaces with 30
Hotdesks, four meeting rooms, a cozy relaxation area, a small kitchen and a shower. This also means
that the community workspace to modular set up for conferences, workshops and events of all kinds
as required.

The vision of the coworking space

The vision of Sole Illes COWORK - to German "Sunning coworking" - already revealed in its name: It
reflects the need of coworkers for a light-filled, warm and energetic place full of motivated people
resist. "Working in the coworking space should feel in the sun like a day," says Sandrine Benattar
(2012), one of the founders. All coworkers formed a radiant sun that spread positive energy and
positive place of work fl ade: light, heat, energy and vitamins - or all that you sometimes miss when
thinking of working "lonely" home. Incidentally, the female majority of the sun does not exist in the
French language, as Sun (le soleil) is a male noun.

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 coworking Space

The founders of the opinion that it would indeed good ideas alone behind closed doors, but they can
not implement without vibrant community. Sole Illes COWORK wants to offer precisely this
community: to share, to create ideas and implement them successfully - an environment where
"working nomads" can trace their cozy goals fl beru.

The coworking community

The founders of Sole Illes COWORK are convinced that exchange, creativity and knowledge transfer
thrive best when the coworkers come from different areas as possible. Sole Illes COWORK because
also home to a rich variety of knowledge workers - or, rather, knowledge workers, because about 70
percent are women. Many of them come from the areas of marketing, human resources or act as
coach. About half of all coworkers are start-ups, the other half are freelancers. The diversity of the
profession-present to stimulate the networking among coworkers as well as the acquisition of new
customers. For example, a programmer has a good chance of customers at Sole Illes to fi nd, as the
mostly female members are rarely active in this field.

Image: Coffee Corner, Sole Illes COWORK - Paris

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With a social network that is reserved exclusively to members, Sole Illes coworking promotes the
exchange in addition. This also information can be shared that are not intended for the public.

Only a minority of coworkers is under 30 years old, which is not typical for this new form of work.
Among the coworkers fi is for many foreigners living in Paris ends. This multinational mix is ​the
founders particularly important to bring new energy and exciting momentum in the community.

Quite a few members work in multiple coworking spaces in Paris - namely just where they fl from beru
cozy reasons anyway just fi nd. Especially potential coworkers first visit various coworking spaces
before they decide on a place and thus also for a community. Often people come by, do not work
firmly in the coworking space, but need a meeting room - because as the customer is in the vicinity of
fi ce and they themselves do not have adequate facilities.

The brine Illes community is a mix of startups, own-account workers and micro enterprises. Much of
the coworkers are solo self-employed persons who possibly employ a trainee - as a first step towards
expansion. Small teams to get fi nancial opposed by the coworking space netted only about two-thirds
of the membership contribution for the second person: that is 290 euros instead of 450 euros.
Sometimes large companies send their employees for a limited time to Sole Illes to work. There they
often encounter coworkers who have that expertise precisely which can be useful for the company.
Logically, that this results in a very exciting collaboration for all involved.

Sole is popular Illes COWORK also with startups to expand. They usually start with a small team in
the coworking space until the projects get going. So the Socialbakers from London, who initially
rented for the establishment of its Paris branch at Sole Illes COWORK. The young company analyzes
social networks and has worked in a London coworking space before they needed more space and

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 coworking Space

own office space related. If everything goes according to plan, they want to repeat this step in Paris -
after a successful start-up phase at Sole Illes COWORK.

For companies of a size of five employees coworking spaces are often not the most suitable product
form of work (see. Section 2.8). The case of an incorporated rented at nominal rope COWORK
startups with five people shows that they do not necessarily generate a lot of added value for the
coworking community: they are often too busy with itself. Employees exchange ideas within the
company and neglecting the contact with the community.

Events are an important source of inspiration

Perhaps the most important event in the coworking space is the daily lunch. This is where time and
again spontaneously several coworkers and get to know each other better. The regular events are
valuable opportunities to Netzwerkp fl ege, inspiration or training. The events are of members,
conducted the operators or external experts and are internal and external interested persons open.

Pique-nique aux Sole Illes: Every Friday, the members meet at the Rue Vivienne to lunch together
and sharing. Particularly new members to take this opportunity to familiarize yourself with the
community.

Introduce new members: Who's New in the brine Illes, can imagine with a fifteen-minute
presentation. So every two to three weeks each present during the lunch new members. In the same
context, the coworkers may explain the other members also new offers or services.

Café des Lumières: Every two weeks, the community meets on Tuesday morning to discuss the
week aims at a common coffee. However, often comes the busy coworkers working in the way - and
that the event has to be postponed.

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Studio: In the beginning, especially generating new members was at the center. But now the studio is
also used for training, and so coming back for guest speakers to speak: as a financial expert who will
talk about accounting, or a lawyer who spoke on the subject of intellectual property. Participation in
the workshop is free for members. External pay 10 euros. these events are a great opportunity to
attract new customers for the speakers. In similar form in other coworking spaces in Paris fi nd.

Yoga Class: Every Tuesday afternoon at 12.30 the large meeting room becomes a yoga studio.
Emmanuelle - himself a member of the coworking space - ensures that coworkers relax and external
yoga fans and can recharge their batteries for their business projects.

Evening events: With brine Illes many things are possible. So fi nd regular product launches or
openings instead. For several photo exhibitions were successfully across the stage - with some
prominent visitors. The ideas to come mostly from coworkers and not from the leaders.

3.5 The HUB - Zurich

The HUB has quartered under a viaduct and presents itself already architecturally as unique. expect
to around 200 square meters the visitors three conference and workshop rooms, a presentation and
event space as well as various jobs. The central meeting point is the reception and coffee room.
Particularly noticeable on HUB Besides the exceptional site to be uncluttered and modern setting.
Obviously stuck in the interior countless hours of work and a great deal of passion.

With its central locations in the upcoming Zurich District 5 of the HUB offers a convenient access to
public transport. Even international contacts can be easily p fl ay, as the Zurich airport is just 15
train-minutes away.

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 coworking Space

Image: The Hub - Zurich, quartered under a viaduct

The name HUB comes from the aviation and means something like hub. As part of the global HUB
network and with its multiple networks within and outside the community of the Zurich coworking
space is its sophisticated sounding name but full justice. So are currently 36 coworking spaces on five
continents to global hub network with more than 5,000 coworkers - including in Sao Paulo,
Johannesburg, Stockholm and Melbourne (HUB GmbH, 2012).

Improving the world with system

Fresh, unconventional ideas the world needs. Only then can the manifold challenges of our
crisis-ridden time can be addressed. This seems to be the leitmotif of many Spaces Coworking. Also
the HUB network is an organization with the aim of promoting cooperation for a sustainable world. So
would bring together entrepreneurs to the HUB locations to realize ideas for a sustainable society.
Michele Bachmann, co-founder of the HUB Zurich, says that coworkers should move something
positive in the world. With the HUB Entrepreneurship cluster was to create a kind of social. This
lasting effect (Sustainable Impact) reached the HUB with three de fi nier-

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ten core values, which are described as "magic" of the HUB and involve the interplay of the following
three corporate values: lively community (Vibrant Community), inspiring places (inspiring spaces) and
meaningful events (Meaningful events) [HUB Gmbh, 2012].

Figure 11: The three elements of the HUB (own illustration, following HUB GmbH, 2012)

These core values ​are lived by all coworkers at the HUB. Roman Gaus (2012) of the Urban Farmers
confirms this: is "Exceptional sure the creative spirit that prevails in the HUB. It's really a sharing
space, the strong survived from this Community and forms. It does not consist of individual fighters,
but a family. This is a cultural issue that solves very well the HUB. "With its inspiring atmosphere of
the HUB is true indeed one of the core ideas of social entrepreneurship.

Coworker focused social entrepreneurship

The HUB coworkers coming from various business sectors. There are entrepreneurs that deal with
mobility solutions or collaborative consumption 40 employ. Others are in business consulting or in the

40 Shared use and sharing of personal things on the Internet (Raeth, 2012)

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 coworking Space

Research operates. The composition of the coworkers with respect to the corporate form is very
heterogeneous: in addition to micro enterprises even large companies or non-pro fi t organizations
use the coworking space as a workplace for their employees. This is not just about people from
traditional NGOs 41 but even bankers are.

With universities of the HUB is working on a project basis together, including with St. Gallen University
and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich. Even with large companies have links
such as Michele Bachmann (2012) finds pleased: "Many companies are interested in start-ups and
therefore pass the HUB. So fi nd not only an exchange among the start-ups instead, but also between
startups and large companies or NGOs. "

As described above, the HUB is primarily aimed at a target group with the focus of social
entrepreneurship. For many HUB members of the network concept is of central importance because
they want to get to know other people with complementary knowledge. The HUB promotes and
manages this composition by leading with new coworkers a job interview. This is to ensure that new
members and their projects fit into the HUB. Above all, the following three points will be examined in
more detail (HUB Zurich, 2012):

1. Personal correspondence: Passion for social innovation, entrepreneurship and cooperative

attitude;

2. Project compliance: Identi fi cation with the mission of the HUB to create entrepreneurial ideas for
a lasting impact;

3. accordance with the ecosystem of the HUB: contribute to the HUB community by enriching the
desired diversity.

41 NGOs (Non-Governmental Organization)

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In the HUB Zurich several promising business ideas have emerged. An unusual approach is taken by
the Urban Farmers producing greenhouses where growing fresh vegetables and at the same time are
bred fish. But not only this: The greenhouses are surfaces on the roofs of buildings in unused spaces
and empty industrial fl are coming (Urban Farmers, 2012). A native of North America Trend in fact
provides, in cities small green surfaces, such as to manage, for example, on roofs and balconies and
produce local food for the urban population with ecologically-sustainable use of resources - including
the mission of the Urban Farmers. The cultivation method is based on the successful aquaponic 42- Technology
(Urban Farmers, 2012). Here, fish and fl ora form a symbiosis, in the natural nutrients to a closed
circuit to connect, which can be used for sustainable production of fresh and healthy foods.

Thus, the Urban Farmers are a prime example of a company HUB: They came up with an idea in the
HUB and there are several team members and partners recruited, including designers and lawyers.
Also from the services they could bene fi t, such as the development of prototypes. Not least, the HUB
network played an important role in financing. "The coworking space has therefore quite a significant
role in the success," confirms Roman Gaus of the Urban Farmers.

Advanced services

As is customary in many coworking spaces, is one of the HUB a broad spectrum of advanced
services to major fundamentals of the business model. Without this the HUB would nanzierbar hardly
fi. Especially popular are services that facilitate the entry into self-employment and are therefore
closely linked to the Inkubatorentätigkeit the coworking space model. No wonder include the following
four appropriateness

42 Mix of the two methods of cultivation aquaculture (breeding of fish or plants in the water
ser) and Hydroponic (growing plants in water instead of traditional in the soil)

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 coworking Space

bote favorites the HUB community:

Image: Conference Room at The Hub - Zurich

HUB Fellowship is an incubation program, which supports entrepreneurs with promising ideas in the
early stages. For this, the HUB works with external partners. 2011 UrbanFarmers won a fellowship
from the WWF, which includes free access to the HUB as well as a well-known fi nancial support. A
HUB Fellowship also includes easier access to coaches, business partners and investors.

Summerpreneurship offers students in the semester break an alternative to a traditional internship at

large companies. Here HUB members present their projects and talent needs - then, is elicited in
structured speed-dating sessions if present students and entrepreneurs together. Some students who
worked as Summerpreneurs were added as a member of the management team following their
project work.

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Sexy Salad Wednesday is the joint lunch, where each participant contributes an ingredient. An ideal
opportunity to exchange ideas, learn and develop new ideas. In addition to active and potential
coworkers coworkers are invited. The "Sexy Salad Wednesday" fi nd weekly in hubs around the
world.

Grill and Chill is a business model feedback event. That is stroke Members present their ideas in
order "to have put on the grill" followed by the community, that is to receive feedback for a successful
development of their projects. And then is actually grilled - to take every member of his own barbecue
ingredients.

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4
Successful model Coworking

Space: A plea with ten points

 coworking Space

4th Successful model Coworking Space: A plea with ten points

Let's take finally a look at the strengths and potential of coworking spaces. First of all: The brand-new
business model is booming and has great potential. It reflects the times and the needs of a rising
generation of entrepreneurs and knowledge workers. The young coworking movement has since also
been found a permanent place in our work world. With its collaborative, creative approach, the
business model coworking space has pioneering components and open perspectives that go far
beyond a mere workplace.

Figure 12: strengths and potential of the business model Coworking Space

94

M. Schürmann, Coworking Space DOI 10.1007 / 978-3-658-02465-9_4, © Springer

Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013
4.1 Valuable knowledge transfer

In the veins of coworking spaces fl ows abundant expertise. The pulse to provide the motivated,
highly networked community. Both together form vital inputs for modern knowledge worker. Thus, the
open-source and community-based business model supports the coworkers when generating ideas
and promotes their reaction with internal and external partners of identical or complementary areas of
activity.

Figure 13: The three levels of knowledge transfer in coworking spaces

The transfer of knowledge fi nds on three levels: informal: approximately at break talks, formally: by
planned and systematic cooperation: on the occasion of organized events and training programs. For
Coworker, this means that they easily get access to advice and support with the geographical
proximity promotes ef fi cient cooperation with little organizational and fi nanziellem effort.

Coworking spaces are well linked with the environment 43rd therefore coworker bene fi t from a valuable
knowledge transfer with a far-

43 See. Section 2.9, a highly networked community

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 coworking Space

sponding portfolio of external partners, which corresponds to a large extent that new work culture,
which is characterized by networked virtual and physical organizational structures.

With Jellies and Barcamps are also two special forms of coworking to choose from, also with the
purpose of knowledge transfer and generating new ideas.

4.2 business class to economy fare

Coworking spaces offer their members a uniquely favorable cost-benefit ratio: Coworker get an
incredible amount for little money and pay for only what they really need. The professional
environment with modern office infrastructure can be used by the selection of customized
memberships as needed. Freelancers are no longer forced to hold customer meetings at home or in a
noisy café. Representative meeting rooms and presentation rooms are available for all coworkers are
available. And micro enterprises fi nd an offer that was up as medium to larger companies subject to
the coworking space. You must also enter into any fi nancial ventures more pronounced build too
early and too costly business locations. This also applies to subsequent branch opening in new
locations.

From fi nancial point of view, the model coworking space is particularly interesting. For Coworker fall
massively less fixed costs than would be the case with their own work spaces. The contribution for
membership includes additional costs of building insurance until the toilet roll, from the super-fast
internet connection to the service contract for a professional multifunction printer. This attractive
cost-benefit ratio lowers business risk and paves the way for implementing their own ideas and
business models.

In addition to the valuable infrastructure and fl exible use offer most major coworking a very broad,
extended services. These include workshops, lectures or incubation and

96
Start-up programs. more than 450 workshops and events each year ends instead of the Google
Campus in London alone fi. The cost - often even free - offers can be used according to individual
needs and are abundant resources fachrelevantem knowledge. And by the way the various events
are always ege excellent opportunities for Netzwerkp fl and expansion.

4.3 Good for motivation and Image

An increasingly virtual and decentralized work environment promotes the risk of social isolation. This
issue holds against the coworking space by creating a social environment in the form of a lively
working atmosphere. motivated to work with or even just in the environment of like-minded people,
promotes its own performance and boosts self-confidence.

Image: Work with like-minded - in betahaus Berlin

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 coworking Space

Be fl ügelnd affects the freedom of coworkers newfound. The flexibility of the business model
supports its users not only at work but also in the reconciliation of work and private life. The coworking
space fulfills the desire for more work-life flexibility, facilitating a seamless and needs-oriented
transition between work and leisure. Both are fundamental to bring, for example, family and work
satisfactorily under one roof.

And who knows no coworking space in its vicinity? The easy setup a. So young entrepreneurs can
take control into their own hands and build their own coworking community. As coworking Catalysts
and later as host and mentor, they take care of the coworkers and create exactly those working
environment that allows them to realize their fl beru cozy visions. This can be doubly motivated: In
addition to designing a coworking space to their own taste waving the prospect of the lived
entrepreneurs dream.

Last but not least: coworking spaces are considered hip. What's more, you are perceived as
birthplaces of innovative business ideas. His job or even to have a business location in one of these
hot spots, has a positive effect on the image of his own company and can prove to be a plus point
about in the customer acquisition. Large companies that invest in coworking spaces may also expect
positive media coverage. So not only visited the British Prime Minister David Cameron, but also
well-known media such as BBC, The Times and The Sun Google Campus - benevolent press reports
were the result.

4.4 A workplace that grows

Especially compared to other working models of coworking space offers a lot of flexibility. Thanks to
various, arbitrary forms of membership can be very short notice ends tailored to the individual needs
offering fi. This may apply for one or several days or even permanently taken indefinitely to complete

98
be - either by a person or an entire team with several workstations. The job offer with Hotdesks,
Fixdesks and team offices covers all claims: both those of Plug 'n Play Workers as well as that of
service companies that operate in networks and ad hoc working teams.

Figure 14: expansion strategy using coworking spaces

Particularly entrepreneurs who want to expand geographically beautiful, should look at the business
model coworking space closer. With little administrative effort is a fully functional branch with its own
postal address can thus open at a new location. Most companies use the coworking space, to them, a
move to separate rooms because of the size reached seem to make sense - whether that date occurs
after a few months or only after several years. And even if the territorial expansion fails, there is still a
relatively painless withdrawal from the market.

As coworkers can rent a room for even one day in a coworking space problems, the model is a
practical point of contact for commercial travelers, globetrotters or even Nomad coworkers. You fi nd
an attractive workplace away from home and yet in tune with the world of work. And the opportunity to
build exciting contacts with "locals" is,

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 coworking Space

the lonely working in the hotel rooms clearly preferable. The ongoing merger of coworking spaces in
networks such as the Coworking Visa, coming to this need. Not least, the spontaneous organization
of work reveals the high flexibility of this model within the various coworking spaces.

4.5 In the stroke of Plug 'n Play Workers

to work in a coworking space, of course, is just one of many options for the ultra-mobile knowledge
workers of today - as it were a piece of the puzzle in the overall portfolio of the chosen places of work.
In fact, the coworking space can be ideally combined at the company headquarters with the Homeof fi
ce, the mobile workstation and the traditional office. These integrated mix of different working models
especially appreciate Plug 'n Play Worker - employees as well as Freiberu fl er who pursue their
projects in multiple locations or have dependent of work different needs of the working environment.

Figure 15: Integrated working model for Plug 'n Play Worker

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The four working models used combined and integrated, strengthen even their benefits. While
business ideas are discussed in the coworking space or searching for new inspiration and
cooperation partners with speci fi schem expertise may researched the go, be prepared by Homeof fi
ce of the concept in peace and finally presented at the company headquarters.

to work where we live or stop us just helps to avoid commuting. More and more large companies such
as Swisscom or the Swiss Federal Railways with its pilot project "Work Anywhere", so test fl exible
working arrangements. Employees with appropriate activities receive the necessary IT infrastructure
and can work from home. A coworking space near would be predestined to take on this role as an
important part of an integrated working model.

4.6 hotbed and catapult for young entrepreneurs

As young entrepreneurs realize their own ideas and come loose from the structures of large
companies, which is a dream of many. And increasingly it is also realized: The number of
self-employed and people without permanent employment is increasing steadily. Coworking spaces
facilitate not only the start-up phase and the development of their own business, but also serve as a
cost-effective and exible fl workplace.

As already mentioned 44 a coworking space is suitable for every stage in the life cycle of the company.
On interessantesten are certainly the foundation and the subsequent early development phase. But
even in periods of transition, such as micro companies to expand or solo self-employed on the go in
employers independence, the coworking space offers as a temporary working model 45 and can be an
ideal temporary solution. The greatest benefit from a coworking spa

44 See. Section 2.8, the launch pad for young entrepreneurs

45 See. Section 2.8, Figure 9

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 coworking Space

However ce attract young entrepreneurs. Because with the support in building a broad network, the
high level of knowledge transfer and affordable monthly fees, this model creates the ideal
environment for a promising start. Above all, it is the innovative climate that inspires young
entrepreneurs, surrounded by their peers to realize their own business ideas.

The start-up funding is another powerful reason to take the plunge into entrepreneurship from a
coworking space to venture out. Here young entrepreneurs get real jump start in the form of
Inkubationsoder startup programs such as the Beta pitch, the startup speed dating or the Startup
Sauna program. Assigned in collaboration with external partners young entrepreneurs prices fueling
further start-ups and put them on the radar screen of investors. This in turn increases the chances of
such an important fi nancial support in the form of Seedund venture capital.

The success stories 46 Coffee Circle, Ovelin and Urban Farmers show how coworking spaces foster
innovation: All young companies mentioned came during the pre-foundation phase with more or less
concrete ideas in a coworking space, where they found support in Developing and refining their
business plans and business models. Upon successful completion of the early stages they were
ready to withdraw from the coworking space and pursue their business models in a separate frame.
All three companies have something in common: they were connected even after the departure of
their coworking space. In the form of joint projects, Lectures and workshops per fi they continue to
animals as an external partner of the innovative power of the coworking community and ask in return
their experience and knowledge available to the community. Or they recruit even new employees and
freelancers from the coworking community. A physical excerpt from a coworking space must therefore
not necessarily mean the termination of all contacts with the coworking community.

46 See. Chapter 3, Five portraits of successful coworking spaces

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It speaks a lot for the business start-up in a coworking space. The benefits are even so intriguing that
the start-up phase in the coworking space could in future become the norm for micro companies from
the service sector. The new business model would therefore take an integral part in the business life
cycle.

4.7 Even large companies like coworking

The fl meshing enthusiasm of young entrepreneurs and freelancers for coworking spaces has
become common. Recently, the business model even arouses the interest of medium and large
companies that use the concept for themselves or want to integrate into their existing corporate
structures. Large companies such as TUI module 57 or ING with the Network Orange coworking
spaces are hoping from building their own corporate Powered coworking spaces or cooperation with
coworking access to expertise and potential cooperation partners from the start-up and freelancers
scene. In fact, they can learn a lot from the mostly young crack and win possibly for joint projects.

Employees are demanding more freedom and participation in job design. With the widespread use of
management by objectives approach that promises more flexibility on the way to achieve these goals,
employers come to this demand. Coworking spaces are compatible with this model of leadership,
fresh air away from the promise group everyday and offer a change of pace to work in a typical office.
In addition, employees appreciate the coworking space as an alternative to Homeof fi ce. The
popularity of coworking spaces for employees is underlined by the fact that already about a quarter of
coworkers is in an employment relationship.

An illustrative example is provided by our corporate Powered coworking space of the Swiss Federal
Railways (SBB) in Zurich. As a pop-up coworking space with an initial limited run time he should help
lengthy decision-making processes outside the current structures of the day Staatsun-

103
 coworking Space

break ternehmens. For example, the SBB coworking space was not aware at the company's
headquarters in Bern, but decorated in Zurich
- the hotspot of creative young entrepreneurs and technology start-ups. The head of SBB coworking
space, Martin Gerres (2013), has recognized the potential of corporate coworking spaces. It highlights
in particular the versatile collaboration produced and is convinced a "group of clever thinkers,"
composed of start-ups, external consultants and SBB employees, guarantees for new solutions.

And even if a company (still) want to establish not have its own coworking space, it can promote this
business model and even allowed by supporting existing coworking spaces. In a so-called Corporate
Sponsored coworking space bene fi t traditional businesses of similar advantages as in specially
established corporate Powered coworking spaces - thanks to a partnership cooperation model.
Examples include the Google Campus in London or associated London branch of Central Working.

4.8 Fresh wind in the educational landscape

A coaching when creating a business plan, a workshop on responsive web design or programming a
valuable tip from a colleague: coworking spaces are well on the way to take a role as a novel
educational institutions. The Google campus with its extensive (further) education program leads the
way. Suggested topics come from the coworking community, which is also responsible for quality
assurance equal, by evaluating the offers and weiteremp fi EHLT. This community-based education is
compared to traditional educational institutions at an advantage because they can develop new
courses quickly and efficiently.

In addition to community-based education in the technical and training coworking spaces reveal a lot
of potential in higher education. The subject of entrepreneurship is unfortunately often gives too
theoretical
- by faculty who do research in the "sheltered workshop" University and

104
who teach have never started a business and yourself. So getting students today while working out
and implementing their own business ideas little support. For companies that are interested in actively
promoting entrepreneurship, coworking spaces provide therefore a very promising model. High school
own or universities affiliated coworking spaces thus fill a gap between practical experience and active
promotion of youth entrepreneurship.

A flagship model offers once again the Aalto University in Helsinki. With its successful University
Related coworking space "Startup Sauna" 47

she has broken new ground in the field of practical education. Since about Master or PhD students
who have indeed found good ideas, but still no place to implement their business visions meet and
complete their teams with other students who come from different part of schools or faculties and
bring complementary skills. Such University Related coworking spaces open up excellent
development opportunities for students with their own business ideas. moreover, they exert a positive
effect on the reputation of the university. Finally, successful graduates who are quasi already started
upwards their studies as a young entrepreneur, work well for their image. One aspect that makes from
an economic perspective, sense and deserves support. In turn, the resulting network with successful
business has a positive feedback on the university result. For the establishment of an interdisciplinary
coworking space, emerged from the cooperation between various sub schools, faculties and
disciplines, promises fruitful results.

In education coworking spaces have another ace up its sleeve: study leave in the form of Nomad
Coworking. Nomad Coworking offers an interesting alternative to traditional internships, language
studies and cultural trips, as the person can be equal to all three aspects combine. So pull Nomad
coworkers around the world as they work in different coworking spaces, pursue their own projects or

47 See. Section 3.3, Startup Sauna - Helsinki

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Write student work. Almost incidentally, they learn new languages, expanding its global network or get
to know other cultures. With such prospects this form of coworking has certainly continue to gain
popularity a good chance.

4.9 Unexpected opportunity for developing countries

In contrast to Europe and North America only a few coworking spaces exist in many developing
countries in Africa, Asia and South America. There is pent-up demand - and something is happening:
in Africa currently thrive interesting coworking space projects such as "The Of fi ce" in Kigali, Rwanda,
the "Co-Creation Hub" in Lagos, Nigeria, or the "88mph Garage" in Nairobi, Kenya. Some of these
initiatives even count on the support of investors or other coworking spaces from developed countries
who are convinced of the potential of African start-ups.

Picture: 88mph garage in Nairobi

Many developing countries also have a growing, increasingly well-educated generation of young
people with a distinct

106
Entrepreneurship. The number students increased in comparison with developed countries at an even
higher rate. Coupled with the fact that coworking spaces are relatively quick to set up and
inexpensive, this argues for wide dissemination of the business and working model coworking space.

For incubators and investors developing countries seem interesting insofar as there is a variety of
exciting ideas and start-ups in the making - particularly in the area of ​mobile and web startups. Thus,
as for the incubation program of 88mph 48 received over 400 applications in less than a month. And as
the example of the music download platform Mdundo 49 shows, the first start-ups already bear fruit.

The opening of coworking spaces in developing countries offers great potential: with its extended
services such as start-up coaching programs, but also in conjunction with micro fi nance and seed
capital, they allow the developing countries to participate in the global service economy. They slow
down the unwanted brain drain and contribute to job creation and thus to greater prosperity. It is quite
possible, and above all highly desirable that coworking spaces help to distribute the power relations
between rich and poor little more evenly.

4.10 At the cutting edge and a little bit revolutionary

Intellectuals and creative people have always had their meeting places. It used bistros and cafés,
such as Les Deux Magots in Paris, where writers, philosophers and intellectuals à la Jean-Paul
Sartre, Ernest Hemingway and Pablo Picasso met. Today, the coworking space is something of a
modern, advanced and democratized form thereof. The business model allows us to develop ideas,
discuss and - often even on the spot - to realize.

48 www.88mph.ac

49 http://mdundo.com

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 coworking Space

Coworking spaces are the demands of society and the economy by fl exible, cost-effective and
interconnected business models for and supply a wide range of compatible and innovative solutions.
They follow a completely new work and business model and provide a great benefit to the growing
number of knowledge workers - whether young entrepreneurs Freiberu fl er, employee or manager of
large companies. The young, fast growing and global movement follows the general trend towards
more freedom, self-determination and self-realization - in the private and business life. Coworking
spaces are the haunts of a new generation of Plug 'n Play workers. At the same time fulfill the wishes
and entering the labor market generation of digital natives requirements.

Coworking spaces have the potential to speed up changes in the economy to pave the way young
entrepreneurs into self-employment and ügeln Micropreneure with a customized working model to be
fl. Providing you with the latest trends in business, society and work, the coworking movement will
continue to develop and ensure that coworking places remain where important values ​and economic
benefits to be created. Knowledge and creativity are ultimately the raw materials of the future, and the
building of personal networks may be regarded as a sustainable investment. Easy to imagine that
coworking spaces will even play a role in a possible economic paradigm shift - away from the homo
economicus through to Homo Cooperativus.

108
attachment
 coworking Space

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