1-34 Chapter 1 Tune-up and routine maintenance should appear stationary, Ifthe marks are in alignment, the timing is Comect. If the marks ara not aligned, turn off the engine ‘1 Loosen the bolt at the base of the distributor (photo). On some \ehicies this task is made much easier witha special curved distributor ‘wrench. Loosen the bolt only slighty, just enough to tur the distributor. (See Chapter 5 for further details, f necessary) 12 Now restart the engine and turn the diatibutor until the timing marks coincide. 13: Shutoff the ongine and tighten the distributor bok, being careful ‘not to move the distributor. {14 Start the engine and recheck the timing to make sure the marks sre stil in alignment. 15. Disconnect the timing light, unplug the dievibutor vacuum hose. ‘and connect the hose to the distributor. 16 Drive the vehicle and listen for pinging noises. They will be most noticeable when the engines hot and under # load (limbing 8 il, Accelerating from a stopl. if you hear engine pinging, the ignition tim ing is too for advanced (Betare Top Dead Center. Reconnect the tim- ing light ond tun the distributor to move the mark TP ot 2° the retard direction. Road test the vehicle again to check for proper operation. 17" To keep pinging at a minimum yet stil allow you to operate the \ohicle atthe specified timing setting, itis a good idea to use gasoline ‘of tho samo octane at al times. Switching uel bands and octane levels ‘can decrease performance and economy and possibly damage the engine 36 Evaporative Control System (ECS) fiker replacment 1 The function of the ECS emissions system isto draw fuel vapors fom the tank and carburetor, store them in charcoal canister, and then burn them during normal engine operation. 2 The fiter at the bottom of the charcoal canister should be placed at the specified intervals. I, however, # fuel odor is detectes the conister, itr and system hoses should immediatly be inspected. 3” ‘To replace the filter, locate the canister atthe front of the engine ‘compartment. It will have several hoses running out the top of i 4 "Remove the two bolts which secure the bottom of the canis tw the body, 5 Tum the canister upside-down and pull out the old filter. If you SORKEC CCEANER SHORKEL, | PUEC VAPOR | Woser0, Storage aNISTER Ftoat wow. Fig. 1.31 Evaporative Control System (ECS! conistor Installation (See 36) ‘cannot turn the canister enough, due tothe short length of the hoses, ‘the hoses must be marked with pieces of tape ana then disconnected {rom the top. 6. Push the new fiter into the bottom of the canister, making sure it fs soated all the way around, 7.” Place the canister back into position and tighten the two mount- ing bolts. Connect the various hoses i they were aisconnected. 8» The ECS eystem is explained in more deta in Chepter 6 37. Cylinder compression check 1. Acompression check will tell you what mechanical condition the engine i in. Specifically, it can tell yu if the compression is down due {leakage caused by worn piston rings, dofecive valves and seats oF 2 blown head gaskst. 2 Begin by cleaning the area around the spark plugs before you tamove then. This wil Keep dit trom faling into the cylinders while YoU are performing the compression test 3 Remove the col high-tonsion loa from the distributor and ground iton the engine block. Block the throttle and choke valves wide open, 4" With the compression gauge in the number one eylindr's spark plug hoe, crenk the engine aver et least four compression strokes and ‘bearve the gauge. The compression should bud up quickly in hesithy fengine Low compression onthe fir stroke, followed by graduelly in {roasing pressure on successive stokes, incicates wor piston rings. ‘Xow compression reading on the fist stroke, which oes not bulld Up during successive strokes, Indicates leaking valves or 8 detective head gasket. Record the highest gaupe reading obtained: '5 Repeat the procedure for the remaining cylinders and compare the reuits to the Specifications. Compression readings 105% above or blow {the specified amount can be considered normal. {5 Pour a couple of easpoons of engine ol (a squirt can works great for this) into each cylinder through the spark plug hl, and repeat the 7 Wt the compression increases attr the oils acd, the piston rings ar definitely worn. If the compression does not increase significantly, tho leakage is occugrng atthe valves or head gasket. Leakage pest ‘valves may be caused by burned valve seatsfaces, warped, bent of Cracked valves, valves that re out of adjustment, incorrect valve tim Ing and broken valve springs. 8” it two adlacent cylinders have equally low compression, ther is ' strong possibilty thet the head gasket between ther is blown. The ‘appearance of coolant in the combustion chambers ofthe crankcat ‘would verify this condition ‘Di the compression is higher than normal, the combustion chambers probably coated with carbon deposits I that is the case the cylinder heads) should be removed and decrbonizes. 10. If compression Is way down, oF varies greatly between cylinders, it would be 2 900d ideo to have a leak-down test performed by 2 ‘reputable automotive repair shop. This test wil pinpoint exactly where the leakage is occurring and how severe its. 1 Tools and materia for battery maintanancs include eye ‘and hand protection, baking soda, petroleum oly battery cable pulley, ‘cabeiterminal post cleaning tools and a hydrametar (photo), Checking 2 Check the bettery for cracks and evidence of leakage. 3. Tovcheck the electrolyte level in the battery, remove ll vent caps. If the battery lavel i low, add cistiled wator unth th level is above ‘the col plates. There lean indieator in each cel to help you judge when ‘enough water has been added. Do not over. Note: Some models may Dbeeauvioped with maintenance-free batteries which have no provisionChapter 1 Tune-up and routine maintenance 1-35 (or need) for adding water. Also, some models mey be equipped with transiicent batteries so the electrolyte lvel con be observed without removing any vent caps. On thase bartels, the level should be be fhwwen the upper and lower lines. 4 Periodically check the specific gravity of the electrolyte with an hhydrometer This is especially important during cold weather. If the ‘reading is below the specified range the battery should be recharged. Maintenance tree betters have a bull n hysrometer which indicatos the battery terminals (a puller may be required), lean them with a bat tery termina brush, thon reinstall them (photos. Cortosion can be kept {018 minimum by appiying a layer of petroleum jelly or grease to the terminal and cable clamps after they 6 Inspect the entire length of each battery cable for corrosion cracks tnd frayed conductors. Replace the cables with new ones if they a damaged (Chapter 5). 7" Make sure thatthe rubber protector over the positive ot torn of missing. It should completely cover the termi 8 Make sure that the battery is securely mounted, But do not over: tighten the clamp bolts 3° The battery case and caps should be kapt clean and dry. W corr: sion is evident, clean the battery as explained in Stop 12. 10" the vehicle fs not being used for rect the battery eables and have the battery charged approximately Cleaning 11 Corrosion on the battery hld-down components and inner fender panels can be removed by washing with a solution of water and bak: Ing soda. Once the area has been thoroughly cleanog, rinse it with lean 12. Conosion on the battery case and terminals can also be removed with a solution of water and baking soda and stiff brush. Be careful ‘hat none ofthe solution is splashed into your eyes or onto your skin 38.1 Eye and hand protection, baking ‘040, petroleum jelly and tools requited for battery maintenance 38.5C Clearing the battery terminal post with 8 speci! too! 38.58 Battery terminal corrosion Usually appears as a white titty powder (wear protective gloves). Do nat alow any of the baking soda and water solution to get into the battery calls Rinse the battery thorough once itis cl 12 Metal parts of the vehicle which have been damaged by spilled battery acid should be painted with a zinc-based primer and paint. Oo this only after the area has been thoroughly elaaned and dried. Charging ‘4. As mentioned before, ifthe batery’s specific gravity is below the specified amount, the battery must be recharged 46 Ifthe batty is to remain in the vehicle during charging, discon ‘ect the cables from the battery to prevent damage tothe electrical system 16 When batteries are being charged, hydrogen gas (which is very ‘explosive and flammable) is produced. Do not smoke or alow an open flame near a charging or a recently cherged battery. Also, do not plug inthe battery chorger unt the connections have Been made at tha ba? 17. The average time necessary to charge battery atthe normal rate Is trom 12 0 16 hours (sometimes long ‘shorten its fe. Use a battery charger that is rated at no more than 1/10 the ampihour rating of the battery. 18 Remove all of the vent caps and cover the holes with a clean cloth ‘0 prevent the spatering of electrolyte. Hook the battery charger leads 1 the battery posts (positive to positive negative to negative, then plug in the charger. Make gure itis set at 12 volte (6 volte on warly models) i it has a selector switch 19. Watch the battery closely during charging to moke sure thet it oes not overne 20° The battery cen be considered fully charged when i ie gassing {realy and there is no Increase in specitic gravity during three successive readings taken at hourly intervals Overheating ofthe battery during Charging at normal charging rates, excessive gassing and continual iow Spec gravity readings are an indication thatthe battery should be replaced with @ new one. iC aed 38.58 Removing the cable from the battery terminal post (always remove the ‘round cable fst and hook i Up lst) 38.50 Cleaning the battery cable clamp1-36 Chapter 1 Tune-up and routine maintenance Fig. 1.32. Checking the valve ifter-to-valve stem clearance (See 40) 39 Cooling eystem servicing (draining, flushing and refting) 1 Periodically, the cooting system should be drained, flushed and 13 to replenish the antilreeze mixture and prevent the format cf rust and corrosion which can impair the performance ofthe cooling system and ultimately cause engine damage 2" At the sama time the cooling system is serviced, all hoses and the radiator cap should be inspected and replaced I faulty. 3 ‘Since antfeeze sa polzonous solution, be careful not to soll any Of the coolant mixture on the vehicle's paint or your own skin. If this happens, rinse immediatly with plenty of clear water. Also, consult Your local authorities about the dumping of antifreeze before draining {the cooling system. in many areas, reclamation centers have boon sot Lup te collect automabié ol and dained anttreeza/water mixtures rather than alowing these liquids to be added to the sewage system. ‘4° With the engine cold, remove the radiator cap. 5 Move alarge container under the radiator ta eatch the coolant mix: equipped with a drain plug Bt the bottom of the radiator, which can be opened using ® wrench To hold the fting while the petcock is turned to the open postion. Ifthe drain has excessive corrosion and cannot be turned easily, or the radiator isnot equipped with a drain, disconnect the lower radiator hoso to drain the coolant Be eerefl that none ofthe solution ie spiashed ‘nto your skin or into your eves. 7° 150 equipped. remave the engine block drain plugs. 1B On ystems witha coolant reserva, dconnect the overflow hose land remove the reservoir Flush it out with claan water. 9 Place a water hose (a common garden hose is fine) inthe radiator filer neck at the top ofthe radiator and fash the system unt the water rune clear at all drain points 30 In severe cases of contamination or clogging of the radiator, remove it (eb6 Chapter 3) and revere flush it. This involves simply in “orting the hose in the bottom radiator ouet to allow the clear water {Torun against the normal flow, draining through the top. A radiator repair shop should be consulted i further cleaning oF repair Is necessary 41 "ifthe coolants regulary drained and the eyster refited withthe correct antifreeze mixture, there should bene need to employ chemical Cleaners or do ¥2_ Torefil the system, reconnect the radiator hose(s) and install the ‘engine block. Install the coolant reservoir and the overflow hose where ‘ppilcabie. 13" Onvehicies without s coolant reservoir, efi the system through the radiator filer cap unt the coolant levels about one 1} inch below the filer neck. 14 On vehicles with 2 reservolr, fil the radiator to the bose of tho filer neck and then add more coolant to the reservo'. 15._ Run the engine until normal operating tampereture is reached, then with the engine ialing, add coolant up to the correct level 16.” Always efi he eystom with a mixture of high-quality antifreeze and water in the proportion called for on the antifreeze container or In your owner's manual. Chapter 3 also contains information on ant Fig. 1.33 Wiper blade replacement (Sec 41) ‘troeze mixtures. 17. Koop @ close watch on the coolant level and the various cooing hoses during the fst few miles of driving, Tighten the hose clamps fndior add more coolant mixture as necessary, 40 Valve clearance adjustment (F- and L-head engines only) Note: The F-and L-heod engines are the only engines thot require periodic vaive adjustments. Al other engines used inthe Jeep Cl series ‘re equipped with hydraule fters, which are self-adjusting 1 The valves on F- and L-head engines must be adjusted at the ‘specified intervals withthe engine cold (at room temperature) 2" Prior to adjustment, remove the valve cover on the side of the ‘engine (F- and Lchead) and the rocker arm cover (F-head!. 53" Valve clearance is measured by inserting # feeier gouge between the valve stom anayifter(F- and L-head! and rocker am and pushrod (head! with the iter on the heel or low portion of the camshaft. 4 "Rotate the engine with wrench on the erankshaft pulley unt the valve is closed, then continue to rotate it approximately 90° furth to make sure the lifter is on the Neel of the cam lobe, 5 inser a fosler gauge between the ftr and valve stem of pushrod and rocker arm to determine the clearance. Compare the measured rm lockeus and wen the ad lusting nut in'or out to obtain the specified clearance. Tighton the Focknut while holding the adjusting screw so it won't tum 7. Begin the checking and adjustment procedure atthe number one cylinder and work back to the number four evinser Afterall the valves 2 adjusted, its @ good idea to go back and double-check the Cleerances to make sure that they have not changed during the tighten Ing of the adjustment screw. 8” Inspect the vaive and rocker arm cover gasket surfaces to make sure they are in good condition, If there is ny doubt, install a new (Gesket after cleaning the surtace, to preclude the possibilty of locks 441. Windshield wipers — inspection and replacement 1. The windshield wiper and blade assembly should be inspected periodically for demaga. loose components and cracked or worn blade ‘lomonts 2. Road fim can buld up on the, wiper blades and affect ther eff ‘leney 20 they should be washed regularly with mild detergent olution 3 The action of the wiping mechanism can loosen the bolts, nuts ‘ond fastoners so they should be checked and tightened, as necessary, ier blades are chock. ed, worn or warped, they should be replaced with new ones. Raise the wiper acm away from the ‘Windshield. push the arm end inte the wiper blade and rotate the blade around the tip ofthe arm. Attach the new blade tothe arm tip and rotate it inte postion.