GTU Paper Analysis

Chapter 1 – Introduction to Material science & Metallurgy

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Theory
State the importance of study of materials science and briefly. Explain
1. 07 07 05 07
Engineering requirements of materials.
2. Explain selection criteria for engineering materials. 07 07 07
Evaluate “After etching the micro specimen structure is visible”. Also
3. 07 07
Write a short note on macro- examination.
Define 1) Toughness 2) Hardness 3) Hardenability 4) Malleability 5)
4. 03 05 07 04
Creep 6) Elasticity 7) Ductility.
State utmost required engineering properties for following
5. applications: 1. Bolt 2. Gear 3. Helical Spring 4. Shaft 5. Cutting Tool 6. 07
Cylinder of I.C. Engine 7. Gas Turbine Blade.

6. Differentiate metal and non metal and enlist the engineering 04 04

requirements of material.
Correlate the property of thermal conductivity and hardness with
7. 03
internal structure of the material.
State the four major materials groups for materials classification,
8. bring outthe basis of its classification and mention the important 04
characteristics of each group.
9. Differentiate: Ductility and Malleability. 03

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Explain process to be followed for preparation of metallic specimen
10. to see the microstructure under optical microscope. Name only 07
commonly used etchant.
What is metallography ? What useful information can be obtained
11. 07
from it ?
Draw neat sketch of metallurgical microscope. Explain its
12. 07
construction.

13. Compare and contrast: micro and macro examination. 03 04

Discuss importance of knowledge on “Material Science & metallurgy”

14. 07
to mechanical engineers.
Define the following properties : (1) Toughness (2) Creep (3) Fatigue
15. 04
(4) Ductility
Explain Structure Property and Performance relationships with a
16. 07
suitable example

17. What are the various levels of structure? Explain in detail. 07

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Chapter 2 – Crystal Geometry and Crystal Imperfactions

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Theory
Explain with neat sketches the arrangement of atoms in B.C.C, F.C.C.
1. and H.C.P. lattice. Define unit cell. Show that a F.C.C. structure is 05
always more close packed than B.C.C. structure.

2. Draw any three most commonly observed space lattice structure in 03

metallic elements.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 3 – Plastic Deformation

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Theory
1. Differentiate between edge dislocation and screw dislocation 04 03

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 4 – Solidification of Metals and Alloys

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Theory
1. With neat sketches, explain Solidification of Metal. 07
Differentiate under-cooling and constitutional super-cooling in
2. 07
context of solidification and its effect on final structure.
Explain homogenous and heterogeneous nucleation with neat
3. 07
sketches.
4. Explain the three basic zones formed after solidification of alloys. 07
What are the various methods of controlling grain structure during
5. 07
solidification? Explain in detail.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 5 – Phase and Phase Equilibrium

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Theory
What is solid solution? Explain types of solid solution. Also give Hume 04
1. 07 05 04 07
Rothery’s Rules.
What is Gibb’s phase rule? Define system, phase and degree of
2. freedom. Show that the degree of freedom at eutectic point in a 07 07 05 07 05 07
binary phase diagram is zero.
The following data is for Pb-Sn alloy system : (Lead-Tin Solder)
· Melting point of lead (Pb) – 327⁰C
· Melting point of Tin (Sn) – 232⁰C
· Eutectic alloy is formed at 183⁰C with 62% Sn –38% Pb
· Maximum solid solubility of tin in lead at 183⁰C –19%
3. · Maximum solid solubility of lead in tin at 183⁰C –3% 07
· Maximum solubility of tin and lead at room temperature negligible.
(1)Draw the phase diagram with the help of above data and label all
the points, lines and regions on it.
(2) For 70%Pb – 30%Sn alloy composition, determine the amounts of
proeutectic and eutectic constituents at room temperature.

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Say at point “Q” in (Liquid+Solid) region in a phase diagram, a line
passing through point “Q” and parallel to the base is drawn. The line
intersects the liquidus and solidus at points P and R respectively. Can
4. 04
you determine %Solid at point Q if PR is 6 cm and QR is 2.4 cm in
length? If answer is YES, determine % Solid and if NO, justify your
answer.
What is the significance of Liquidus, Solidus and Solvus line in phase
5. 03
diagram?

6. Draw cooling curve of (i) pure metal and (ii) An alloy of two metals
03
which are completely soluble in liquid and solid phase.
7. What is phase diagram? Explain Lever rule. 07
What is cooling curve? How does the time temperature cooling curve
8. 05
of an alloy of eutectic composition different from that of a pure metal?
Compare cooling curves for pure metal, isomorphous and non-
9. isomorphous alloys. State the information revealed by these cooling 07
curves.
Explain the thermal equilibrium diagram for a case wherein two
10. metals are completely soluble in liquid and solid state forming an 03
isomorphous alloy system.
What is solid solution? What are the types? Explain them with neat
11. 07
sketch. Under which condition interstitial solid solution is feasible?
What is substitutional and interstitial solid solution. Why solubility of
12. 07
solute is limited in interstitial solid solution? Justify.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 6 – Allotropy of Iron

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Theory
1. Define Allotropy. Explain allotropy of Iron. 03 05
2. Draw Iron Carbon Equilibrium diagram. 04 07
With the aid of steel portion of an iron-iron carbide equilibrium
diagram, showing solid state transformations compare the
transformations during cooling under equilibrium conditions from
3. 07 07 07
solidus to room temperature of typical hypereutectoid steel and
hypoeutectoid steels. Compare the resulting microstructure at room
temperature and related properties.
4. State Critical Reactions of Iron Carbon Phase diagram. 06 07
Draw microstructure of (i) 0.4 % carbon steel and (ii) eutectoid steel
5. 05
at room temperature.
Draw iron – iron carbide equilibrium diagram with all necessary
6. details. Briefly explain cooling of 1.2 % carbon steel from liquid state 04 07 07
to room temperature

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 7 – Heat Treatment of steel

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Theory
Which are various Surface Hardening processes? Explain Induction
1. 07 07 07 07
Hardening process with sketch.
2. Which are the objectives of Heat Treatment? 03
3. Give difference between Annealing and Normalising. 04 07 06 07 07 04
Define Critical Cooling Rate of steel and show the same on a TTT
4. 07 07 05 07 07 07 07 07
diagram with complete labelling.
5. Write full names of following acronyms: BHN ; AISI ; ASTM ; TTT 04
6. Draw microstructure of eutectoid steel. 04
7. Differentiate between austempering and martempering. 05 07 03 04
Case carburizing heat treatment is not generally carried out for
8. 04
medium carbonsteels. Why?
9. Explain flame-hardening process in brief. 04 03

10. State Case Hardening processes and explain any one in detail. 07 07

For hardening of steels, which quenchant would you prefer, water or

11. 07
oil? Explain reasons.

12. Compare and contrast flame hardening and induction hardening on 07

the basis of uniformity of case depth, parametric controls, process
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 GTU Paper Analysis
features, process limitations and applications.

Compare and contrast carburizing and nitriding process with

12. reference to parametric controls, process features, process 07
limitations and applications.
What is the purpose of heat treatment ? Differentiate Annealing and
Normalizing on the basis of : (I) Rate of cooling (II) Microstructure
13. 07
after cooling (III) Grain size distribution (IV) Internal Stresses (V)
Mechanical properties (VI) Application
What is strain hardening ? Explain how the effect of strain hardening
14. 07
can be eliminated by recrystallization?

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 8 – Alloy steels

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Theory
Briefly explain why ferritic and austenitic stainless steels are not
1. 07
heat treatable. ii Distinguish between hardness and harden ability
State composition, specific properties and applications of high carbon
2. 07
steel.

3. Explain the method of Sulphur Printing for steels and state the 03
inferences that could be drawn out by the technique

4. On the basis of microstructure and chemical composition explain the 07

properties obtained in high speed steel and stainless steel.
It is require finding out hardenabilty of an alloy steel. Explain
5. procedure to be followed to find out and the equipments required for 07
the same.

6. What is plain carbon steel? Also explain all type of plain carbon steel 07
with the composition and specific application.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 9 – Cast Iron

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Theory
1. List properties of wrought Iron. 04 07 05
2. Give composition, properties and uses of malleable cast iron. 07 07 07
Differentiate between gray cast iron & spheroidal cast iron in terms of
3. 07 07
microstructure, properties, composition & applications.
4. What is “Wrought Iron”? Enlist the properties and uses of it. 07 04
Specify, with reasons alloy suitable for the manufacture of : Bolts and 06
5.
Nuts ; Lathe Bed ; Milling Cutte
6. Differentiate between white cast iron and grey cast iron. 07 04
7. Enlist properties of a good bearing material. 05
Classify types of cast iron. Discuss any on. Draw its microstructure
8. 05
also.
State composition, specific properties and applications of White Cast
9. 07
Iron.

10. Draw the microstructure of wrought iron and enlist the properties 03
and uses of wrought iron.
Compare malleable cast iron and spheroidal graphite iron on the
11. 07 07
basis of microstructure, properties and applications.

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 GTU Paper Analysis
On the basis of colour and sparking pattern in the spark test,
12. 03
differentiate gray cast iron from malleable iron.
Classify different types of cast iron. Why silicon is added to cast iron?
13. Explain the effects of any four alloying elements on the properties of 07
cast iron.
Draw microstructure of [i] Nodular cast iron [ii] eutectoid steel at
14. room temperature along with magnification, etchant used and 07
description of microstructure.
Explain the property requirement from a bearing material. Explain
15. 07
journal bearing material in detail.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 10 – Non-Ferrous alloys

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Theory
1. Give composition, properties and uses of Y alloy. 07
What are the purposes of alloying? Give effects of Nickel as an
2. 07 07
alloying element.
3. Give composition and uses of Monel metal and Nichrome. 07
Define “Alloy”. Also state composition, properties & uses of any two
4. 07
copper alloys
State the difference between impurities and alloying elements. State 04
5.
importance of alloying.

6. State function of following alloying elements in steel : Sulphur ; Nickel 04

; Chromium ; Boron
State composition and specific applications of : Muntz metal ; German 06
7.
silver ; Naval brass
What are the properties of bearing alloys What are the properties of
8. 07
aluminium alloys
9. Give composition and use of White metal and Monel metal. 07 04
10. Explain modified aluminum silicon alloys. 05
11. Define the term “Non Ferrous”. State composition, specific properties 07

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and applications of 1. Muntz Metal 2. Duralumin
How will you classify brasses based on the composition of zinc
12. Explain the properties & application of the main type of brasses.from 05
it ?
State the Qualities Required in Bearing Metals. State composition,
13. 07
specific properties and applications of Babbit
Enlist the properties of pure copper and mention the composition,
14. 07
properties and application of phosphorus bronze.
Enlist the properties of pure Aluminum and mention the composition,
15. 07
specific properties and application of any one aluminum alloys
Mention in brief the role of Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum and
16. 07
Vanadium as alloying element in steel.
On the basis of microstructure and chemical composition explain the
17. 07
properties obtained in bearing alloys and aluminum silicon alloys.
Enlist copper and its alloys. Explain any two of them along with its
18. 07
properties and use
Write following alloys giving their important constituents &
19. 03
Application : (I) Monel (II) Invar (III) Nichrome
Classify Brasses based on the composition of zinc ? Explain properties
20. 07
& Application of the main type of Brasses.

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 11 – Powder Metallurgy

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Theory
1. Which are advantages and limitations of powder metallurgy? 07 07 06 07 07 07 07 04
2. Explain any two methods for production of metal powders. 07 05
What is powder metallurgy? Describe various steps involved in
3. powder metallurgy with each step controlling properties of final 07 07
sintered component
Enlist the products made from powder metallurgy. Explain all four
4. 07
steps of power metallurgy.
Explain the process steps involved in making of a powder
5. metallurgical product. As regards to powder metallurgy, explain the 07 07 07
role of process parameters, positive features and limitations of this
method.
How can we produce porous self lubricating bearings through
6. powder metallurgy? Explain the process steps and process limitations 07
for manufacturing the same.
How can we produce cemented carbide tools through powder
7. metallurgy? Explain the process steps and process limitations for 07
manufacturing the same.

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 GTU Paper Analysis
Chapter 12 – Non-Destructive Testing

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What is non destructive test? List various non destructive tests.
1. 07
Explain X ray Radiography.
2. Explain Ultrasonic testing with advantages and limitations. 07 07 07 07 07 07
State the advantages or importance of nondestructive testing over
3. destructive testing of materials. Differentiate between X-ray 07 07 07
radiography & γ-ray radiography of materials
4. Explain the NDT method widely used for inspection of castings 06
Suggest and explain a simple and economical NDT method to 04
5.
determine minute surface defects in large size component.

6. Write the procedure for Jominy end quench practical and discuss its 07 07 07
conclusion.
Which non-destructive test is used for finding defects on welded
7. 07 07
joints? Explain it.
8. Compare and Contrast: Destructive test with Non Destructive test. 04
Suggest with suitable reasoning the non destructive tests required to
9. determine slag inclusions and porosity in the fusion weld joint. The 03
fusion weld butt weld joint is made in 5 mm thick plain carbon steel
sheet (carbon 0.15% by wt) by the arc welding process.

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It is required to find out surface defects for the cast product. Which
10. NDT process you will use? Explain basic principle and limitations of 07
the test you have selected

11. Explain the steps of Dye Penetrant Testing with neat sketch 07

Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)

Department of Mechanical Engineering
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