CONTENTS

1. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

2. CERTIFICATE

3. INTRODUCTION

4. PRINCIPAL OF OPERATION

5. CONSTRUCTION

6. WORKING

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 OBJECTIVE

1. ENERGY EFFICIENT

The water cum air cooler consists of heat exchanger

with fins, one drought fan of 50 watt power, submersible fan of 1.5m head

instead of compressor. As compressor consume more power than the heat

exchanger with fins, by using heat exchanger with is to increase the rate of heat

transfer.

2. COST EFFICIENT

We made the market search and find that if one

person wants to buy the water cooler as well as desert cooler he has to pay at

least ten thousand rupees. As in this project we are providing both water and

desert cooler in one unit and this is easy to transform from one place to other.

When we have completed the project we find that money spend for buying the

equipments for this project is forty five hundred rupees, from above we can see

that water and air cooler reduce the cost by more than 50%. This project helps

in saving the energy as well as cost. This idea is greatly helpful to the middle

class family and poorer family.

 INTRODUCTION

As we know that the war of yesterday was for land, today is for

energy and tomorrow is for water. A country of 1.2 billion needs equipment

which is energy efficient. As there is large scarcity of energy in our country so

we as an engineer has the prime duty to make energy efficient equipment. While

thinking in this direction we came to know that water and air cooler are the

basic equipment which are present in almost every household, so we have tried

to consist these two in a single unit, by using this as a single unit we are not only

reducing the space consumption but also reducing the cost factor. When we are

using water and air cooler as separate unit in home, they consume 3 times mor

electricity as compare to the equipment which contain them in single unit. This

helps in saving cost as well as energy.

Now a days, there is requirement of such domestic equipments which

are compact, have less power consumption, less maintenance and multipurpose

objectives.

The modified form of cooler is completely in proportion of above

mention requirement.
 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

A water-cum air cooler works on principle of heat loss during vaporation

process, resulting in cooled air.

Evaporation process occurs when water and air comes into contact with

each other. Best example of this process is in summer season we feel cool

when we stand near to fan this is because the sweat vaporise. The process is

known as latent heat of vaporization. Latent heat of vaporization is the amount

of heat required to convert unit mass of liquid into vapour. Water and air are

the two fluids between which evaporation process takes place, actually one end

of condenser is attached to the fresh water tank which has little higher

temperature than the water sprayed over the condenser, when fresh water

passes over the hollow pipes of heat exchanger with fins the heat is transfer

from the fresh water spread by the sprayer and mixture of air and vapour is

delivered by the duct.

HOW EVAPORATION TAKES PLACE.................................?

 Evaporative air cooling is a naturally occurring phenomenon. When air

and water come into contact the water evaporates into the surrounding air,

reducing its temperature. This is why on a hot day it is cooler near a lake,

waterfall of fountain.
 CONSTRUCTION

We want to produce cooling in a room of 10' 12' we came to know

that a desert cooler of capacity of can be able to produce cooling by decreasing

the temperature.

As we know in Indian household on an average four members are

present and each consume 1.5 litre of water so in a day they will consume 6 litre

of water. As whole of 6 litre is not consumed in one time but in intervals, so we

want to have capacity of tank in which cooled water stored is up to 1.5 litre for

that purpose we use heat exchanger which has coils with fins and which can

store water up to 1.5 litre.

IT CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING PARTS

1. TANK

It is made up of mild steel of 1.5mm thickness. It is used for the

purpose of storing water which has to be sprayed over the heat exchanger by

lifting it with the help of submersible pump, this water is fed to sprinkler. The

sprinkler sprays the water on heat exchanger and cycle goes on repeating.
2. SUBMERSIBLE PUMP

Submersible pumps is attached to he tank, it has 1.5m head. It is

used to lift the water from the tank and fed to the sprinkler. It has capacity of

3. HEAT EXCHANGER

Heat exchanger is a device which transfers the energy from hot fluid

to cold fluid, with maximum rate and minimum investment and running costs.

In heat exchanger the temperature of each fluid changes as it passes

through exchanger.

In the project we are using heat exchanger with fins, the property of

fins is to increase the heat transfer rate, by the use of fins, surface area is

increased due to which heat flow rate increases. Increase in surface area

decreases the surface convention resistance, whereas the conduction resistence

increases. The decrease in convention resistence is much greater than the

increase in conduction resistence in order to increase the rate of heat transfer

from the surface. Fins used are rectangular in shape.

EFFECTIVENESS OF FIN

It is the ratio of heat transfer rate to the heat transfer rate that would exist

without of fin. From the experiment we find that heat transfer rate with fins are

26% more than the ordinary heat exchanger.

4. KHAS-KHAS- GRASS

The air which drought fan sucks from atmosphere is cooled by this grass

which has property to absorb water. It helps to increase the efficiency of unit by

providing the inlet air at the temperature already lower than the ambient

temperature. This air will further cooled inside the unit. This Khas-Khas grass

is attached to the four sides of the cooler.

5. DROUGHT FAN

This fan is attached to the topmost part of the cooler. Fan is of 12"

and it has rpm of 1440. This fan helps in evaporation process and duct is placed

over the fan which helps to provide mixture of air and water vapour so the

person around the range of cooler feels cools air.

 WORKING

HEAT EXCHANGER with fins on the upper surface has inlet for

fresh water and outlet for cool water. The inlet water has temperature slightly

more than that of the water spread over the heat exchanger. The submersible

pump lifts the water from the tank and feed it to sprinkler, sprinkler sprays the

droplets of water over the heat exchanger, and thus the transfer of heat occurs.

As we know that heat is always transferred from high to low temperature and

the water spread over the heat exchanger is at low temperature, thus the inlet

water while passing through the heat exchanger gives heat to the water outside

the heat exchanger coil and we get the cold water from outlet of heat-

exchanger.

The water over the coils of heat exchanger when comes in contact

with air, the evaporation of water takes place thus the drought fan sucks the

mixture of water vapours and air and it provide this mixture to the surrounding

with help of duct. Duct is made curved at the bending section, this is done to

avoid back pressure and to deliver the maximum cold air.

 Adiabatic efficiency of water cum air cooler

Ambient temp.:-

Dry bulb temp. (DBT) = 25°c

Wet bulb temp. (WBT) = 23°c

Conditioned air:-

Dry bulb temp. (DBT) = 20°c

Wet bulb temp. (WBT) = 16°c

h = DBT (AMB) DB conditioned air 100 WBT

(AMB) WBT conditioned air

25°c -

= 20°c 100

23°c -16°c

5 100 = 0.71

= 100

= 71%