Risk : standard deviation, Coefficient of variation (CV = standard + deviation / mean Mean (A) < Mean (B) SD (A) < SD (B) => A and B are not comparable CV (A) < CV (B) -> Return (A) < return (B) Chapter 4 -> risk (A) < risk (B)
mean = return risk = SD Hypothesis testing Step 1 State the hypotheses
null-> H0: (ex: H=20)
atternative-> HA: (ex: H>20/ H<20/ H#20) Step 2 Decision rule Reject H0 if Z>z aphla if HA: µ >µ0p-value=P(z>z_alpha) Z < -Z alpha if HA: µ < µ0p-value =P(z< -z_alpha) Step 3 Conclusion if HA: µ # µ0 : p-value =2P(z>z_alpha if z_alpha>0 Because Z > Z alpha = 1,65 =2P(z< -z_alpha) if Z_alpha<0) we reject H0 There is enough envidence to conclude that z_alpha>0 ha) if Z_alpha<0)