Abstract

The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problem of high altitude platform systems (HAPS) is investigated in this paper. A physical
model for electromagnetic interferences (EMI) of electromagnetic radiation of spark discharge in DC electric motor is proposed.
Based
on this model, EMI frequency points has been estimated by approximative equation for the given structure and size of a motor, and
EMI
frequency points, peak values that received by the ports of antennas and far-field pattern have been calculated. The estimated results
are
consistent with the calculated ones. These frequency bands and spatial directions with max EMI should be avoided in the valid
information
when the HAPS system is being designed. Two methods are taken to shield electromagnetic radiation, either to mount a metal plate
near
the DC electric motor (EMI source), or to mount a perfect conductor board near the antenna array (sensitive element), are valid to
shield
electromagnetic radiation, but to mount a metal plate near the EMI source is more effective.

5. Conclusion
The EMC problem of HAPS has been studied in this paper.
The electromagnetic radiation of spark discharge in a
DC electric motor is investigated, which is the main EMI
source in HAPS. An antenna array was regarded as the receiver
of EMI.
DC motor in HAPS can be regarded as a coaxial cavity
resonator with double shortcircuited end, just like Fig. 1. The
resonant frequency of DC motor can be estimated by Eq. (1)
approximately. Only the electromagnetic wave whose frequency
and mode fit the resonance condition can be radiated
out with high power at some direction.
Although the estimated model for EMI of DC motor in
HAPS is approximative, the computation results of the probe
signal at point A (0, − 3500 mm, 10000 mm) and received
signal of antenna array show it reasonable.
Computation results show that radiated electromagnetic
signals from EMI of DC motor can strongly affect the antenna
array of communication around the resonant frequency
of DC motor, although the antenna array is 10 m far away
from the DC motor.
In Fig. 5, the maximum values appear near the DC motor
cavity resonant frequency. So, these frequency scopes should
be avoided in the system design.
At 944.75 MHz, the maximum values of farfield appear
in the direction with (Phi, Theta) being (90◦, 180◦), and two
side lobes are around the orientation of antenna array, which
are mainly affected the antenna array. It means that there
is strong EMI in these two directions, and these two space
directions should be avoided when the payload is collocated
at 944.75 MHz.
Introducing the metal plate near DC electric motor or the
perfect conductor board near antenna array in the line of DC
electric motor to antenna array into HAPS can shield the
electromagnetic wave radiation interference from DC electric
motor to antenna array effectively, and the metal plate
near DC electric motor is more effective. This means to introduce
themetal plate near the EMI radiation source is more
effective than to introduce the perfect conductor board near
the electromagnetic sensitive element.