Examples on Test of Hypothesis

Azmeri Khan
Institute of Statistical Research and Training
University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 1/1
 Example 1

The R.R. Bowker Company of New York collects information on the retail
prices of books and publishes its findings in Publishers Weekly. In 1997,
the mean retail price of all history books was $43.50. This year the mean
retail price for 40 randomly selected history books is found as $46.93.
Assume that the standard deviation of prices for this year’s history books
is $7.61.
At the 1% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to
conclude that this year’s mean retail price of all history books has
increased from the 1997 mean of $43.50?
Construct a 90 percent confidence interval for the mean retail price of
all history books this year.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 2/1
 Example 2

The weights of a sample of 40 capsules are to be used to examine whether

there is sufficient empirical evidence that the capsules of this type have a
mean weight less then 10 g. The sample gave a mean weight of 9.77 g
with a standard deviation 0.50 g.
Perform an appropriate statistical test to provide evidence in support
of the claim at 1 percent level of significance.
Suggest a lower limit for the upper 99 percent values of the mean weight
of capsules.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 3/1
 Example 3

The average waiting time in a bank counter to cash a cheque for all
customers has been 50 minutes. A new service-providing procedure using
modern computer facilities is being tried. If a random sample of 12
customers had an average waiting time for services is 42 minutes with a
standard deviation of 11.9 minutes under the new system,
Test the hypothesis that the population mean is now less than 50,
using a significance level of 1% assuming the waiting time to be
normally distributed.
Also construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean waiting
time.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 4/1
 Example 4

From The Northwestern Lindquist- Endicott Report, it was found that the
average starting salary of 35 liberal arts graduates is $32.51 and of 32
accounting graduates is $34.73.
At the 5% significance level, can you conclude that the mean starting
salaries of liberal arts and accounting graduates differ? Assume that
the population standard deviations of starting salaries are $1.82 for
liberal arts graduates and $1.73 for accounting graduates.
Also construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference of
two means and comment on the hypothesis.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 5/1
 Example 5

It is claimed by a University authority that only 30% of the students

attending the university are hostile to a decision to increase student fees in
order to enhance its employee’s salary. A sample survey conducted among
600 students revealed that 163 are opposed to the decision of the
university.
Choose a level of 0.01 to see if the sample data speak in favor of the
claim. Construct a 90 percent confidence interval for the population
proportion.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 6/1
 Example 6

The Gibbs baby Food Company wishes to compare the weight gain of
infants using their brands versus their competitor’s. a sample of 40 babies
using the Gibbs products revealed a mean weight gain of 7.6 pounds in the
first three months after birth. The standard deviation of the sample was
2.3 pounds. A sample of 55 babies using the competitor’s brand revealed a
mean increase in weight of 8.1 pounds with a standard deviation of 2.9
pounds.
At the 0.05 significance level, can we conclude that babies using the
Gibbs brand gained less weight?

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 7/1
 Example 7

An employer in a garments factory argues that it is justified to pay male

workers more than female workers on the ground that they are more
productive. The weekly output of a sample of 15 male workers produced a
mean of 350 men’s wear with a standard deviation of 18 and the weekly
outputs of 10 female workers produced a mean of 345 such wears with a
standard deviation of 21.
Assuming equality of variances in the population, can the employer’s
claim be entertained at the 1% level ?
Determine a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference,µ1 − µ2 ,
between the mean output of the male workers and that of the female
workers.

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 8/1
 Example 8

Vital and health Statistics, published by the National Center for health
Statistics, provides information on heights and weights of Americans, by
age and sex. The mean height (in inches) of 10 males aged 25-34 years
was found to be 70.19 inch. with a standard deviation of 2.951. From
another sample of 15 males aged 45-54 years , the mean height (in inches)
was found to be 68.58 inch. with a standard deviation of 3.543. Assuming
that population variances are unknown and unequal.
Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that males in the
age group 25-34 years are, on average, taller than those in the age
group 45-54 years? (use 5% significance level).
Construct 99% confidence interval for the difference µ1 − µ2 .

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 9/1
 Example 9

A man is considered overweight if he has a body mass index of 27.8

kg/m2 or greater. This point is used because it represents the sex-specific
85th percentile for males 20-29 years of age in the 1976-1980 National
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In 1994, of 700 men 20-34
years old, 160 were found to be overweight, whereas, in 1980, of 750 men
20-34 years old, 130 were found to be overweight.
At the 1% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to
conclude that for men 20-34 years old, a higher percentage were
overweight in 1994 than 14 years earlier?
Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference π1 − π2 .

Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training

ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 10 / 1
 Example 10
Consider a study to assess the effectiveness of a weight-reducing diet. The
following are the weights in pounds, before and after, of 16 persons who
stayed on a certain reducing diet for four weeks. Test whether the
weight-reducing diet is effective.
Sl. No. Weight Sl. No. Weight
Before After Before After
Diet Diet Diet Diet
1 147.0 137.9 9 147.7 149.0
2 183.5 176.2 10 208.1 195.4
3 232.1 219.0 11 166.8 158.5
4 161.6 163.8 12 131.9 134.4
5 197.5 193.5 13 150.3 149.3
6 206.3 201.4 14 197.2 189.1
7 177.0 180.6 15 159.8 159.1
8 215.4 203.2 16 171.7 173.2
Azmeri Khan Institute of Statistical Research and Training
ExamplesUniversity
on Test of
of Dhaka,
Hypothesis
Bangladesh 11 / 1