Colobus and sailers told exaggerated stories back to Spain, describing those islands filled with gold and

people are

naive. When Spain organizing second expedition, Portugal and Spain started negotiating the Treaty of Tordesillas.

European still ignorant as they only know parts of the world. In that treaty, Portugal and Spain split the world

between the two nations. They draw a line across Atlantic Ocean, all non christian lands on the eastern side belong

to Portugal (to give Portugal Africa), all western side belong to Spain, Spain thought they get Asia. The effect of the

treaty is to grant the new world to Spaniards control. Spain gets the new world. Years later they found the line splits

south America. Portugal refuses move the lane and this is why what later Brazil is controlled by Portugal hundreds

of years and Spaniards is the official language through the rest of Central and South America. Treaty left out all the

other Christian countries, the Treaty of Tordesillas blessed by the catholic pope and the treaties between Portugal

and Spain supposed to be respected by all Christian countries. Columbus returns to the Caribbean in 1493 with 17

ships 1200 armed men told the King he can bring back gold and slaves. Arawaks again say no gold here.The

Spaniards encountered the Caribs and the Caribs not welcome them. Caribs know Spaniards are powerful threat.

Spaniards now ordered that every Arawaks male bring them gold each month. They force them into submission and

started ripping the gold out of people's ears and noses, they were against people who had weapons. the Spaniards

burned entire villages, many committed suicides.

Spaniards did many horrific things and they recorded it themselves, priest was trying to convert people and the

Arawak can say broken Spaniards says why would I want to go there to spend eternity with you people.

Priests who were trying to stop the slaughter and wrote letters back to Spain saying to the king stop this. Many were

killed with the European disease, people die by rupturing to death. The flu killed most people

because native people had never had the flu. From 1494 to 1505 more than 3 million Arawaks perished 20 years

after Columbus’s arrival there were less than 50,000 Arawaks, the second generation of native people survive more

because of immunity. Spaniards struggled actually was no gold in the Caribbean. Columbus died and he thought he

had been Asia four times, Spaniards figured out in the early

1500s this really is a new world and it’s a big continent, Spaniards want to keep everybody else

out of it.

Spaniards set out to conquer it in the early1500s, Spaniards kidnap native people and slave them. People from the

mainland told the Spaniards there is city full of gold, but it’s not true. They were just trying to get the Spaniards to
go away. South America and Central America there were wealthy native society Europeans would understand.

Conquistadors Conquer these native civilizations for Spain. Aztec

empire was wealthiest, 20 million people ruled by an emperor. Aztecs were advanced in some way, they studied

mathematics and beautiful city. They then destroy it. They make native people pure good contrast to Europeans.

Aztecs cut out living people's hearts to please their gods. Aztec empire not like those native groups. They

dehumanizes them. Cortes was a self-made man, he was violent and good at leading.

In 1519 Cortez landed present-day Mexico coast with 400 people to defeat an empire of 20 million.

Aztec empire were not united, subgroups who didn't like paying taxes. Cortez recruited Indian allies and to promise

get rid of the Emperor. Thousands of Indian allies captured the Emperor and soon after

Cortes claim himself the new emperor. People against him and Spaniards left diseases. This weakened their ability

to defend. He came back in 1521 with more men, Cortes and the Spaniards now succeeded.

They tortured the Aztec Nobles and religious leaders and took gold and silver, they built Mexico City. More people

go conquer Central South America. In the 1540s two conquistadors, Coronado from Mexico and moved through

America, another conquistador Hernando DeSoto came from Cuba move through the southeast, these expeditions

were taking place at the same time 1540s. These expeditions were even more violent but never found any riches.

They brought the great disease wave to North America. By 1600 native populations had dropped by 80 to 90 percent

from Columbus. After Coronado and DeSoto, they think North America was useless and not focus that.

throughout the 1500s the English and the French didn't try to start any colonies because of the Treaty of

Tordesillas and they were scared of the Spaniards.

The French moved through Canada, in 1565 the Spaniards established a fort in North America. St.

Augustine is the oldest European settlement in North America to keep outside to the English and the

French. Spain controlled most of the coast of South America around the coast but not the interior of South

America. Spaniards to load onto their treasure ships each year was silver and stolen goods. The third big

source of Spaniards wealth from was sugar. Sugar at this point was a luxury. Through most of the 1500s

Spaniards use as workers to bring the silver up from underneath the earth They used natives but not

enough.There were 75,000 Africans in the new world and Africans enslaved and being forced
to do the labor. transition period from forced native labor to forced African labor. Portuguese have

exclusive control of Africa and Portuguese bring the slaves sell them to the Spaniards. Brazil the they

used the shelter Spaniards they would liberate more slaves and then get away back to their hideout in the

jungle in the mountains. Pirates of the Caribbean so the Spaniards decided send those ships to protect

Over a hundred and fifty years of bringing treasure back to Spain. Spain became the richest most

powerful country.