GENERAL AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

GENERAL OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to provide simple health services and to disseminate health knowledge in
the community of Brgy. Camansihay in order to increase their awareness regarding disease
prevention and health promotion, and the importance of taking care of their health.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

To establish rapport with the community officials and families in the community.

To gather information and data from families surveyed the study through interview with
RTRH Interns and key informants of the barangay in the area, then evaluate the gathered data.

-Demographic Variables

-Socio-Economic Variable

-Environmental Variables

-Health and Illness Patterns

To come up with attainable and suitable health care intervention that will improve the
health status of the members of the community as a whole.

To plan a program where people from the community can be involve and at the same time
will learn and eventually help them in their everyday life.

To acquire and broaden our knowledge and expose ourselves to preventive community
medicine whilst being able to help the population in identifying and recognizing their problems as
a community
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of the study in general is to identify the existing problems of the Barangay
Camansihay.

This study will be helpful to the Community officials in implementing rules and regulations
to address the identified health problems and to improve the health status of the community. For
the families, this study will protect the community from the health hazards and as well as in health
threats. The Families will be aware and knowledgeable about their current health status and current
situations. And lastly, for the researcher they will be able to identify, recognize, and familiarize on
how to facilitate and conduct the community survey that will help broaden their knowledge about
Preventive Community Medicine in helping the people of Brgy. Camansihay to identify their
situations.
 Weight for Age
(Children 0-5 years)
N= 190
120

96
100

80
Percentage

60

40

20
0 2 2 0
0
OBESE OVERWEIGHT NORMAL MODERATELY SEVERLY
UNDERWEIGHT UNDERWEIGHT
Z-scores

Figure. Weight for Age (Children 0-5 years old)

The data listed above shows that majority of children 0-5 years old had normal z-score of
weight for age at 96%. Only 2% of children 0-5 y/o is overweight and moderately underweight
respectively.

Weight for age is an additional commonly used measurement of nutritional status.

Although it has less clinical significance because it combines stature with current health
conditions, it has the advantage of being somewhat easier to measure. Based on the figure, most
children 0-5 years old in the community had normal z score for weight for age.
 Height for Age
(Children 0-5 years)
N= 190
100
88
90
80
70
Percentage

60
50
40
30
20
10 5 3 3
0
Tall for Age Normal Moderate Severe Stunting
Stunting
Z-scores

Figure. Height for Age (Children 0-5 years old)

Eighty eight percent of children 0-5 years old had normal z-score for height for age,
followed by Tall for age at 5% and lastly moderate and severe stunting at 3% respectively.

Height for age is useful for assessing the nutritional status of population, because the
measure of skeletal growth reflects the cumulative impact of events affecting nutritional status that
result in stunting and also referred to as chronic malnutrition. Majority of children 0-5 years old in
the community had normal z score for height for age.
 Weight for Height
(Children 0-5 years)
N= 190
90 85

80

70

60
Percentage

50

40

30

20

10 5 6
3 2
0
Obese Overweight Normal Moderate Wasting Severe Wasting
Z-scores

Figure. Weight for Height (Children 0-5 years old)

This figure shows that the majority of children 0-5 years old has a normal Z-score for
weight for height at 85%, followed by moderate wasting at 6%, while the overweight is 5%,
followed by obese at 3% and lastly severe wasting at 2%.

Weight for height or wasting, in contrast with height for age is a measure of acute
malnutrition. Weight is directly proportional to height and it really affects the height of the child
when nutrition is not met. According to the above figure highest percentage of children 0-5 years
old had normal z score for weight for height.
 BREASTFED

185

YES NO

Figure. Breastfed

The figure above shows the frequency of children (0-5 y/o) that being breastfed, 185
children of total households was breastfed and only 5 children was not breastfed.

Reason for not Breastfeeding

Child stopped breastfeeding

Infection

No Expressed Milk

Working Mother

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency

Figure. Reason for not Breastfeeding

 The above figure shows that the most common reason for not breastfeeding is no expressed
milk from the mother with frequency of 5, followed by child stopped breastfeeding and working
mothers with frequency of 3 respectively and lastly which is infection at 1.

Breastfeeding is best for baby. Babies who are breastfed have stronger immune system,
better mental development and emotional security. From the figure above most mothers used to
breastfed their babies to provide complete nutrition, prevent infection and considered to be
economical. Also from above figure, most common reason for not breastfeeding is lacking of
expressed milk of mothers. Other reasons include, child stopped breastfeeding for unknown
reason, and another is busy as working mothers and infection. Babies who are not exclusively
breastfed is associated with increased incidence of infectious morbidities such as pneumonia and
AGE, elevated risk of childhood obesity, leukemia and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
 Most Common Illness in the Past Month (0-5 y/o)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Colds Cough Fever Diarrhea Seizure Allergy Asthma UTI

Frequency

Figure. Most Common Illness in the Past Month (0-5y/o)

The figure above shows that the most common illness in the past month (0-5 y/o) is colds
with highest frequency of 9, followed by cough at 8. The lowest frequency of all illnesses are
seizure, allergy, asthma and UTI which is at 1.

The highest frequency in most common illnesses in the past months for children 0-5 years
old are Colds and cough. Children are susceptible to illnesses due to poor hygiene, easy spread of
microorganism because of overcrowding, decreased immune system and poor environmental
sanitation. Health education will give them knowledge that help decrease the number of illnesses
in the community.
 Most Common Cause of Hospitalizations (0-5 y/o)

Allergies

Heart Complications

AGE

Pneumonia

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency

Figure. Most Common Cause of Hospitalizations (0-5 y/o)

The figure above shows that the most common cause of hospitalizations (0-5 y/o) is
Pneumonia (5), next is Acute Gastroenteritis (4) and lastly Allergies (1) and Heart Complication
(1) which are the least common.

Based on the figure, Pneumonia is the most common cause of hospitalization for children
0-5 years old. Children are more likely to get pneumonia if he/she has weak immune system such
from malnutrition, ongoing health problem and exposure to second hand smoking from other
family members. We can conduct health teachings on different vaccines, some evidence suggest
that vaccines reduced the incidence of pneumonia hospitalization.
 Number of Families Residing per Household
N=313
100 93
90
80
70
Percentage

60
50
40
30
20
10 6 4
1
0
1 2-3 4-5 >5
Number of Families per Household

Figure. Number of Families Residing per Household

The figure about Number of families residing per household shows that 93% of total
households composed of 1 family, followed by 6 % of total households from 2-3 families, 1%
from 4-5 families and lastly 4 % for more than 5 families.

As we all know, family is the basic unit of the community. One family per household
comprise majority of the community with 93% have the advantage of meeting their basic needs
compared to more than 1 family per household. By knowing the number of family per household,
the group will be able to know whether each family has adequate needs such as sleeping space,
decision making and expenses in daily living. Obviously, more than 1 family per household has
the tendency to a have difficult problem in supplying their needs compared to 1 family per
household.
 Number of Rooms per Household
N=313
90 84
80
70
Percentage

60
50
40
30
20 15
10 1 0
0
1 2-3 4-5 >5
Number of Rooms per Household

Figure. Number of Rooms per Household

The figure about number of rooms per household shows that 84 % of total households had
only 1 room. Secondly, there are 15 % of total household has 2-3 rooms and lastly lowest
percentage of 1% had 4-5 rooms.

In every household, we should have bedrooms intended for the privacy of every family
member and we need to have a wide space in which the bedroom should be construct or build. In
this community, there were 84 % of households have 1 room. The community is located near the
mountains and in the depressed area in which it greatly lessens the space of building houses.
Houses were built in less space between each other and some were built with wide space and we
can infer that the houses there are compressed and have irregular sizes. This results to some
household to have one or no bedroom.
 House Sanitation
N=313
Is the House Clean?

No 2

Yes 98

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percentage

Figure. House Sanitation

The figure shows that 98 % of total households had answered yes with regards to the house
sanitation and only 2 % answered no.

Environment Sanitation
N=313
Is the surroundings clean?

No 1

Yes 99

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percentage

Figure. Environment Sanitation

The figure shows that 99 % of total households had answered yes with regards to the
environmental sanitation and only 1 % answered no.
 The above figures implies that there is a big percentage of good environmental and house
sanitation. Sanitation is one of the most important aspect of community because it protects human
health, extend life spans and provide benefits to the economy. Presence of pests, improper waste
disposal and human excreta could be a threat in the health of every families in that area. These
factors highly affect their health status and these problem can lead to the spread of communicable
diseases in the community.
 Clean Water Supply
N=313
Is there a Clean water supply?

No 1

Yes 99

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percentage

Figure. Clean Water Supply

Based on the figure above, 99 % of total household had clean water supply while the
remaining 1 % don’t have clean water supply.

Source of Clean Water

N=313
100 92
90
80
70
Percentage

60
50
40
30
20
10 1 5
0 1
1
Deepwell
Piped
Spring
Deepwell Refilling
Station None

Water Source

Figure. Source of Clean Water

 Based on the figure above, it shows that most household’s source of clean water is from
deep well with 92 %, followed by spring at 5 % and lastly 1 % for piped deep well and refilling
station respectively.

Water is a fundamental human need. Each person requires clean and safe water a day for
drinking, cooking, and simply keeping themselves clean. Majority of households in the community
uses clean water supply at 99%. Water is obviously essential for hydration and for food production.
It can be seen that most of the households uses deepwell as their water supply. Some of them get
their water from spring, piped deepwell and refilling station. Water from NAWASA is not
available due to inaccessibility of the area. Most of them are aware about the essence of water
supply because they know what could be the effect of water coming from deepwell or spring.
Therefore most families in the community can be prone to sickness and illness.
 SANITARY TOILET
n=313
0

100

YES NO

Figure. Sanitary Toilets

The table shows that all households had sanitary toilets.
The presence of sanitary toilet in each household is important, considering that bacterial
contamination through the stool and is a method of transfer of infectious disease. The spread of
disease is avoided by proper disposal of excreta and urine. Most households in the community had
their own sanitary toilets. Cleanliness and sanitation of the toilet facilities should be observed so
as to prevent illnesses.