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BIG M METHOD
QUESTION: Use BIG M Method to solve the following linear programming problem
Subject to constraints
x1 - x2 + x3 ≥4
x1 + x2 + 2x3 ≤8
x1 + 0x2 - x3 ≥ 2
Where,x1, x2,x3 ≥0
IN BIG M METHOD
≤: add (+Sj)
x1 - x2 + x3 -S1 + A1 ≥4
x1 + x2 + 2x3 +S2 ≤8
x1 + 0x2 - x3 –S3 + A2 ≥ 2
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0 -m -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2
-m A1 4 1 -1 1 -1 0 0 1 0
0 S2 8 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0
-m A2 2 1 0 -1 0 0 -1 0 1
ZJ -2m -m -3 m 0 m -m -m
ZJ- CJ -2m-1 -m-2 -3 m 0 m 0 0
MOST NEGATIVE VALUE IS [-2m-1]
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0 -m -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2
-m A1 4 1 -1 1 -1 0 0 1 0
0 S2 8 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0
-m A2 2 1 0 -1 0 0 -1 0 1
ZJ -2m -m -3 m 0 m -m -m
ZJ- CJ -2m-1 -m-2 -3 m 0 m 0 0
Now the cost corresponding will be replaced from –m to 1 and A 2 will be replaced by X1.
And we will make the X1 column same as A2 by applying row matrix operations as shown below:
R3 → R 3
R1→ R1 – R3
R2→ R2 – R3
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0 -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1
-m A1 2 0 -1 2 -1 0 1 1
0 S2 6 0 1 3 0 1 1 0
1 X1 2 1 0 -1 0 0 -1 0
ZJ 1 M -2m-1 m 0 m-1 -m
ZJ- CJ 0 m-2 -2m-4 m 0 m-1 0
MOST NEGATIVE VALUE IS [-2m-4]
{ XB / X3 }={ 2 / 2 = 1 },{ 6 / 3 = 2 },
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0 -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1
-m A1 2 0 -1 2 -1 0 1 1
0 S2 6 0 1 3 0 1 1 0
1 X1 2 1 0 -1 0 0 -1 0
ZJ 1 M -2m-1 m 0 m-1 -m
ZJ- CJ 0 m-2 -2m-4 m 0 m-1 0
Now the cost corresponding will be replaced from –m to 3 and A 1 will be replaced by X3.
And we will make the X3 column same as A1 by applying row matrix operations as shown below:
R1→ R1 /2
R2→ R2 – 3R1
R3 → R 3 + R 1
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3
3 X3 1 0 -1/2 1 -1/2 0 1 /2
0 S2 3 0 5/2 0 3/2 1 -1 /2
1 X1 3 1 -1/2 0 -1/2 0 -1 /2
ZJ 1 -2 3 -2 0 1
ZJ- CJ 0 -4 0 -2 0 1
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3
3 X3 1 0 -1/2 1 -1/2 0 1 /2
0 S2 3 0 5/2 0 3/2 1 -1 /2
1 X1 3 1 -1/2 0 -1/2 0 -1 /2
ZJ 1 -2 3 -2 0 1
ZJ- CJ 0 -4 0 -2 0 1
Now the cost corresponding will be replaced from 0 to 2 and S 2 will be replaced by X2.
Once the S2 is replaced, the S2 column will not be terminated as it has 0 cost
And we will make the X2 column same as S2 by applying row matrix operations as shown below:
R2→ 2/5R2
R1→ R1 + 1/2 R2
R3 → R3 + 1/2 R2
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3
3 X3 8/5 0 0 1 -1/5 1/5 3 /10
2 X2 6/5 0 1 0 3/5 2/5 -1 /5
1 X1 18/5 1 0 0 -1/5 1/5 -7 /10
ZJ 1 2 3 2/5 8/5 -1/5
ZJ- CJ 0 0 0 2/5 8/5 -1/5
CJ 1 2 3 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3
3 X3 8/5 0 0 1 -1/5 1/5 3 /10
2 X2 6/5 0 1 0 3/5 2/5 -1 /5
1 X1 18/5 1 0 0 -1/5 1/5 -7 /10
ZJ 1 2 3 2/5 8/5 -1/5
ZJ- CJ 0 0 0 2/5 8/5 -1/5
Max Z = x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 - 0S1 + 0S2 - 0S3 - mA1 - mA2
Subject to constraints
x1 + x2 ≥ 0
Where,x1, x2 ≥0
IN BIG M METHOD
≤: add (+Sj)
x1 + x2 - S3 + A1=0
CJ 6 4 0 0 0 -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 A1
0 S1 30 2 3 1 0 0 0
0 S2 24 3 2 0 1 0 0
-m A1 0 1 1 0 0 -1 1
ZJ -m -m 0 0 m -m
ZJ- CJ -m-6 -m-4 0 0 m 0
MOST NEGATIVE VALUE IS [-m-6]
CJ 6 4 0 0 0 -m
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 A1
0 S1 30 2 3 1 0 0 0
0 S2 24 3 2 0 1 0 0
-m A1 0 1 1 0 0 -1 1
ZJ -m -m 0 0 M -m
ZJ- CJ -m-6 -m-4 0 0 M 0
Now the cost corresponding will be replaced from –m to 6 and A 1 will be replaced by X1.
And we will make the X1 column same as A1 by applying row matrix operations as shown below:
R3 → R 3
R1→ R1 – 2R3
R2→ R2 – 3R3
CJ 6 4 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
0 S1 30 0 1 1 0 2
0 S2 24 0 -1 0 1 3
6 X1 0 1 1 0 0 -1
ZJ 6 6 0 0 -6
ZJ- CJ 0 2 0 0 -6
MOST NEGATIVE VALUE IS [-6]
{ XB / S3 }={ 30 / 2 = 15 },{ 24 / 3 = 8 },
CJ 6 4 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
0 S1 30 0 1 1 0 2
0 S2 24 0 -1 0 1 3
6 X1 0 1 1 0 0 -1
ZJ 6 6 0 0 -6
ZJ- CJ 0 2 0 0 -6
Now the cost corresponding will be replaced from 0 to 0 and S 2 will be replaced by S3.
Once the S2 is replaced, the S2 column will not be terminated as it has 0 cost
And we will make the S3 column same as S2 by applying row matrix operations as shown below:
R2→ R2 / 3
R1→ R1 – 2R2
R2→ R2 + R2
CJ 6 4 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
0 S1 14 0 5/3 1 -2/3 0
0 S3 8 0 -1/3 0 1/3 1
6 X1 8 1 2/3 0 1/3 0
ZJ 6 4 0 0 0
ZJ- CJ 0 0 0 0 0
CJ 6 4 0 0 0
CB YB XB X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
0 S1 14 0 5/3 1 -2/3 0
0 S3 8 0 -1/3 0 1/3 1
6 X1 8 1 2/3 0 1/3 0
ZJ 6 4 0 0 0
ZJ- CJ 0 0 0 0 0
Max Z = 48 ANSWER