ESD system Questionnaire

1. The ESD system should comply with which IEC standard for software to execute logic.

i> IEC61131 ii>IEC61508 iii> IEC 62511 iv> IEC 62131

Ans: IEC61131

Explanation: IEC 61131-3 standard identified following language for software logic execution:
Ladder Diagram (LD),
Instruction List (IL),
Function Block Diagram (FBD),
Structured Text (ST) and
Sequential Function Chart (SFC).
2. ESD system dangerous Failures can be revealed

i> During system diagnostic test ii> By Sequence of Event Operation (SOE) of failures iii> During system complete
testing iv> During system detail designing.

Ans: During system complete testing

Explanation: In case of ESD system the diagnostic test is the part of the ESD system design & engineering and
dangerous failures known through the diagnostic test is already known during the system test, hence it is revealed one
and part of supplied ESD system PFD. Hence dangerous failures can be revealed only through complete test. If all
dangerous failure can be revealed

However in case of On/OFF valve PST will revealed some dangerous failure which are not known during valve
engineering and test and not the part of its original PFD.

3. Momentary power loss allowed in ESD system for unaffected operation is up to

i> 50 millisecond ii> Half of the process safety time iii> 20 millisecond iv> Half of the process logic scan time

Ans: 20 millisecond

Explanation: If the inverter output is synchronized with the mains input (synchronous mode) then in the event of a
failure in inverter the transfer time is less than 5mS because the Static Switch output and Inverter output are in phase
and frequency locked with static Bypass.

In case, the inverter is not synchronized with the input mains then the unit is in Asynchronous mode and the transfer
time will be larger and around 20ms.

4. As per RIL specification supplied ESD system shall be guaranteed to min availability of

i> 99.9990% ii> 99.99999% iii>99.99990% iv> 99.99000%

Ans: 99.99990%

Explanation: System Availability/year

Availability Non availability Non availability (In

days/year
99% 1% 3.65
99.9 0.1% 0.365
99.99 0.01% 0.0365
99.999 0.001% 0.00365
99.9999 0.0001% 0.000365
99.99990 0.0001% 0.000365

5. Which of the following configuration does not satisfy HFT=1 requirement?

i> 1oo4 ii> 2oo3 iii>2oo2 iv> 1oo2

Ans: 2oo2

Explanation: HFT= Hardware fault tolerance; for MooN configuration HFT = N-M

configuration HFT
 1oo4 3
2oo3 1
2oo2 0
1oo2 1

6. What we achieve with partial stroke testing

i> Reduce avg PFD ii> Increase avg PFD iii> Increase Valve proof test interval(PTI) iv> Reduce RRF

Ans : Reduce PFD

Explanation: Partial stroke testing will increase the diagnostic coverage where some dangerous failure will be
revealed, hence Probability of Failure Dangerously will reduce. The coverage of partial stroke testing range from 50-
90%.

7. What is negative MOS on particular initiator?

i> it bypass initiator ii> it neglect initiator iii> it put imitator in trip condition iv> it bypass output

Ans: it put initiator in trip condition

Explanation: Negative MOS will force selected initiator in trip condition. It generally used for 2oo3 group for SIL3
application in J3.

8. Whish of following is not an example of Safety Instrumented Function:

A. On/off control valve of safety function
B. Automated fire water sprinkler
C. Programmable controller logic solver
D. None of above
Ans: D

Explanation: On/off valves, logic solver and automated fire water sprinkler are part of SIF. Automated fire sprinkler are
generally part of SIF if water sprinkler is used for prevention of fire.

9. To carry out Process Hazard Analysis (PHA), such as a HAZOP, the participants carrying out the study should
have all of the following safety information, except: (easy)

A. Process Flow Diagram (PFD).

B. SIS data sheet and specification

C. Eletrical Area electrical classification

D. Design codes and standards employed

Ans: B
Explanation: SIS data sheet and specification will not be required for HAZOP. In fact SIS data sheet and specification
will not be available during HAZOP as safety requirement specification and detail engineering yet to start.

10. To carry out SIL classification, the participants carrying out the study should have all of the following safety
information, except:

A. Process & Instrument Diagram (P&ID).

B. Hazop report

C. Corporate HSE risk matrix

D. PFD values of SIS used for safety function

Ans: D

Explanation: PFD values of SIS will not be required for SIL classification or assignment. In fact after SIL classification
min PFD values required for SIS will be known.
11. Rank the following redundancy scheme from highest probability of failure to lowest probability of failure
on demand.

Highest----------------- lowest

A. 2oo2 – 1oo2 - 2oo3

B. 2oo3 -1oo2- 2oo2
C. 2oo3-2oo2-1oo2
D. 2oo2-2oo3-1oo2
Ans: D

Explantion: If λdu is the PFD of one component and will be always less than 1. The overall configuration PFD will be

Configuration PFD
2oo2 λdu - Highest
2oo3 λdu²
1oo2 λdu²/3 - lowest