Professional Documents
Culture Documents
National Semiconductor
Designing A SEPIC Application Note 1484
Converter Wei Gu, Dongbing Zhang
April 30, 2008
20194801
20194802
20194803
www.national.com 2
AN-1484
The peak switch voltage is equal to Vin + Vout. The peak trolytic capacitors work well for through-hole applications
switch current is given by: where the size is not limited and they can accommodate the
required RMS current rating.
The peak-to-peak ripple voltage on Cs (assuming no ESR):
(1)
The RMS current through the switch is given by: A capacitor that meets the RMS current requirement would
mostly produce small ripple voltage on Cs. Hence, the peak
voltage is typically close to the input voltage.
(2)
PQ1, the total power dissipation for MOSFETs includes con-
duction loss (as shown in the first term of the above equation)
and switching loss as shown in the second term. IG is the gate
drive current. The RDS(ON) value should be selected at maxi-
mum operating junction temperature and is typically given in
the MOSFET datasheet. Ensure that the conduction losses
plus the switching losses do not exceed the package ratings
or exceed the overall thermal budget.
3 www.national.com
AN-1484 pacitor would prevent impedance interactions with the input Output voltage (VOUT): 3.3V
supply. Output current (IOUT): 2.5A
Switching frequency fsw: 330kHz
SEPIC Converter Design Example LM3478 controller is used in this example. Schematic is
Input voltage (VIN): 3.0V-5.7V LM3478 controller is used in shown in Figure 5.
this example. Schematic is shown in Figure 5.
20194820
FIGURE 5. Schematic
(10)
The peak current for L2 is:
(6)
(11)
Step 3: Power MOSFET selection
The MOSFET peak current is:
(7)
Step 2: Inductor selection (12)
The input inductor L1 ripple current is:
and the RMS current is:
(8)
(13)
and the inductance for L1 and L2 is:
The rated drain voltage for the MOSFET must be higher than
VIN+VOUT. Si4442DY (RDS(ON) = 8mΩ and QGD = 10nC) is se-
lected in this design. The gate drive current IG of the LM3478
is 0.3A. The estimated power loss is:
(9)
The closest standard value of an off-the-shelf inductor is 4.7
µH. The peak input inductor current is:
www.national.com 4
AN-1484
If R1 = 20 kΩ, then:
(14) For the LM3478, the threshold voltage to trigger the current
protection varies with duty cycle. The threshold is a ramp
Step 4: Output diode selection
which is defined by Vsense at 0% duty cycle and Vsense –
The rated reverse voltage of the diode must be higher than Vsl at 100% duty cycle. The values for Vsense and Vsl can
VIN+VOUT and the average diode current is equal to the output be taken from the electrical characteristics section of the
current at full load. LM3478 datasheet. There is also a plot in the datasheet
Step 5: SEPIC coupling capacitor selection showing the typical current sense voltage vs duty cycle. In our
The RMS current of the Cs is: example the duty cycle was calculated to be about 50% and
so we use the current limit threshold of 130mV for the follow-
ing calculation to keep things simple. Thus the sensing resis-
tor value is:
5 www.national.com
AN-1484 The pole at 1/(2πRc*Cc2) is to cancel the ESR zero 1/
(2πESR*Cout),
www.national.com 6
AN-1484
Notes
7 www.national.com
Designing A SEPIC Converter
Notes
For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at:
Products Design Support
Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH www.national.com/webench
Audio www.national.com/audio Analog University www.national.com/AU
Clock Conditioners www.national.com/timing App Notes www.national.com/appnotes
Data Converters www.national.com/adc Distributors www.national.com/contacts
Displays www.national.com/displays Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green
Ethernet www.national.com/ethernet Packaging www.national.com/packaging
Interface www.national.com/interface Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality
LVDS www.national.com/lvds Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns
Power Management www.national.com/power Feedback www.national.com/feedback
Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers
LDOs www.national.com/ldo
LED Lighting www.national.com/led
PowerWise www.national.com/powerwise
Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi
Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors
Wireless (PLL/VCO) www.national.com/wireless
THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
(“NATIONAL”) PRODUCTS. NATIONAL MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY
OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS PUBLICATION AND RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES TO
SPECIFICATIONS AND PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE. NO LICENSE, WHETHER EXPRESS,
IMPLIED, ARISING BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS
DOCUMENT.
TESTING AND OTHER QUALITY CONTROLS ARE USED TO THE EXTENT NATIONAL DEEMS NECESSARY TO SUPPORT
NATIONAL’S PRODUCT WARRANTY. EXCEPT WHERE MANDATED BY GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS, TESTING OF ALL
PARAMETERS OF EACH PRODUCT IS NOT NECESSARILY PERFORMED. NATIONAL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY FOR
APPLICATIONS ASSISTANCE OR BUYER PRODUCT DESIGN. BUYERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR PRODUCTS AND
APPLICATIONS USING NATIONAL COMPONENTS. PRIOR TO USING OR DISTRIBUTING ANY PRODUCTS THAT INCLUDE
NATIONAL COMPONENTS, BUYERS SHOULD PROVIDE ADEQUATE DESIGN, TESTING AND OPERATING SAFEGUARDS.
EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN NATIONAL’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, NATIONAL ASSUMES NO
LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND NATIONAL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY RELATING TO THE SALE
AND/OR USE OF NATIONAL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RIGHT.
National Semiconductor and the National Semiconductor logo are registered trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation. All other
brand or product names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Copyright© 2008 National Semiconductor Corporation
AN-1484
National Semiconductor National Semiconductor Europe National Semiconductor Asia National Semiconductor Japan
Americas Technical Technical Support Center Pacific Technical Support Center Technical Support Center
Support Center Email: europe.support@nsc.com Email: ap.support@nsc.com Email: jpn.feedback@nsc.com
Email: support@nsc.com German Tel: +49 (0) 180 5010 771
Tel: 1-800-272-9959 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 850 4288
www.national.com