Data definition language commands

COMMANDS QUERRIES
1. Show list of databases EXEC Sp_databases
2. Show list of table in a select table_name from test1.information_schema.tables
database Sp_databases
3. Shows the current select DB_NAME()
database
4. Switch database use dbname
5. Rename table Exec sp_rename databasename.Tablename, newtablename

6. 5 Rename Column Exec sp_rename 'table_name.old_column_name',

'new_column_name', 'COLUMN';

7. list of columns in a sp_columns student1

table
8. Tables with sp_table_privileges table_name
privileges
9. Creating Database
Create database dbname

10. Truncate command Truncate table tablename

11. Drop Database Drop database dbname
12. Create table create table student1(std_id int constraint pk primary key
With constraint primary key, identity(1,1),
auto increment,not null, first_name varchar(30) not null,
unique, default last_name varchar(30) not null unique,
reg_Date date not null default getdate())
13. Create table with CREATE TABLE Orders ( OrderID
foreign key constraint int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
OrderNumber int NOT NULL,
PersonID
int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Persons(PersonID)

14. ALTER ALTER TABLE table_name Add COLUMN column_name

COMMANDS column_type
 (adding column)
15. ALTER ALTER TABLE employees DROP COLUMN last_name;
COMMANDS
(drop column)
16. ALTER ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name
COMMANDS(adding column_definition
foreign key) Foreign key existing table
ALTER TABLE Orders
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PersonOrder
FOREIGN KEY (PersonID) REFERENCES Persons(PersonID);

Data manipulation language

17. Insert command insert into student1(first_name,last_name) values('ali','khan'),
('ali','sumero'),('khan','arbab')

18. UPDATE update cours set age =18 where course_id =1 or course_id>1
19. SELECT (or relational select std_id, std_name from student where std_id =1 or std_name='zia'
operator)
20. LENGTH OF select emp_name, len(emp_name) from employee
CHARACTER
21. Count no of record select count(*) from employee
22. Group by select count(emp_id), dept_name from employee group by dept_name having
count(emp_id)>3
SELECT COUNT(emp_id), dept_name FROM employee
GROUP BY dept_name HAVING COUNT(emp_id) > 5
select emp_name,sum(Salary) from employee group by dept_name
23. MIN FUNCTION select MIN(salary) from employee
24. IN, BETWEEN select * from employee where salary in(30000)
select * from employee where salary between 20000 and 30000

25. LIKE select * from employee where emp_name like ('a%')

26. UPPER CASE AND select emp_name, upper(emp_name) 'capital leter' from employee
LOWER CASE select emp_name, lower(emp_name) 'capital leter' from employee

27. AVERAGE FUNCTION select AVG(salary) from employee

28. LENGTH select emp_name, len(emp_name)from employee

29. REPLACE select emp_name, REPLACE(emp_name,'d','ali') from employee

30. CONCATE select emp_name, CONCAT(emp_name,'khan') from employee

31. Soundex select emp_name from employee where SOUNDEX(emp_name) =
SOUNDEX('sad')

32. distinct SELECT DISTINCT dept_name FROM employee

33. Count SELECT count(DISTINCT dept_name) FROM Customers
SELECT count(DISTINCT dept_name) FROM Customers d
34. Order by SELECT COUNT(emp_id), dept_name FROM employee GROUP BY dept_name
ORDER BY count(emp_id)