Name : Ridwan Rapiyuddin

Class :Mathematics 2018 D

NIM :105361108918

Definition of Matrix
Matrix is a set of numbers arranged in rows and columns and placed in ordinary brackets or
square brackets.
writing of matrix:

2 3
( )
1 4
or
2 3
[ ]
1 4
The order of a matrix is a number that shows the number of rows (m) and the number of
columns (n).
2 3 5
( )
1 4 −7
The above matrix has the order of 3x2

Matrix of identity (I)

The identity matrix (I) is a matrix where the values of elements in the main diagonal are
always one.
1 0 0
(0 1 0)
0 0 1

Matrix of Transpose (At)

The transpose matrix is a matrix that experiences the exchange of elements from rows to
columns and vice versa.
Example:
2 3 5
( )
1 4 −7
then the transposing matrix (At) is
2 1
(3 4 )
5 −7
Addition and Subtraction of Matrix
Addition of Matriks
Two or more matrices can be added only if you have the same order. Addition is done by
summing the elements with the same position.
Example:
1 4 3 6
𝐵 = (2 5) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = (4 7)
3 6 5 8

Then
1 4 3 6
𝐵 + 𝐶 = (2 5) + (4 7)
3 6 5 8

1+3 4+6 4 10
= (2 + 4 5 + 7) = (6 12)
3+5 6+8 8 14

Subtraction of matrix
As with addition, subtraction can be done only if two or more matrices have the same order.
subtraction are made for elements that have the same position.

1 4 3 6
𝐵 = (2 5) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = (4 7)
3 6 5 8

Then

3 6 1 4
𝐶 − 𝐵 = (4 7) − (2 5)
5 8 3 6

3−1 6−4 2 2
= (4 − 2 7 − 5) = (2 2)
5−3 8−6 2 2