CHAPTER – 3: MATRICES

MARKS WEIGHTAGE – 03 marks

Previous Years Board Exam (Important Questions & Answers)

1. Use elementary column operation C2 C2 – 2C1 in the matrix equation

 4 2  1 2   2 0 
 3 3   0 3  1 1 
    
Ans:
 4 2  1 2   2 0 
Given that    
 3 3  0 3  1 1 
Applying C2 C2 – 2C1, we get
 4 6  1 2   2 4
 3 3  0 3   1 1
    

 a  4 3b   2a  2 b  2 
2. If   write the value of a – 2b.
 8 6   8 a  8b 
Ans:
 a  4 3b   2a  2 b  2 
Give that  
 8 6   8 a  8b 
On equating, we get
a + 4 = 2a + 2, 3b = b + 2, a – 8b = – 6
 a = 2, b = 1
Now the value of a – 2b = 2 – (2  1) = 2 - 2 = 0

3. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then write the value of 7A – (I + A)3 , where I is an
identity matrix.
Ans:
7A – (I + A)3 = 7A - {I3 + 3I2A + 3I.A2 + A3}
= 7A – {I + 3A + 3A + A2A} [ I3 = I2 = I , A2 = A]
= 7A – {I + 6A + A2} = 7A – {I + 6A + A}
= 7A – {I + 7A} = 7A – I – 7A = –I

 x  y z   1 4 
4. If    , find the value of x + y.
 2 x  y w  0 5 
Ans:
 x  y z   1 4 
Given that   
 2 x  y w  0 5 
Equating, we get
x - y = -1 … (i)
2x - y = 0 …(ii)
z = 4, w = 5
(ii) – (i)  2x – y – x + y = 0 + 1
 x = 1 and y = 2
 x + y = 2 + 1 = 3.

 1 0
5. Solve the following matrix equation for x :  x 1  O
 2 0
Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 1 -
 Ans:
 1 0
Given that  x 1  O
 2 0
  x  2 0   0 0
x – 2 = 0
x = 2

3 4  1 y   7 0 
6. If 2     , find (x – y).
5 x  0 1  10 5 
Ans:
3 4  1 y   7 0 
Given that 2    
5 x  0 1  10 5 
 6 8  1 y   7 0 
   
10 2 x  0 1  10 5 
 7 8  y   7 0
  
10 2 x  1 10 5
Equating we get 8 + y = 0 and 2x + 1 = 5
 y = –8 and x = 2
 x – y = 2 + 8 = 10
 0 1 2 
7. For what value of x, is the matrix A   1 0 3  a skew-symmetric matrix?
 x 3 0 
Ans:
A will be skew symmetric matrix if
A = – A'
 0 1 2   0 1 x   0 1  x 
  1 0 3     1 0 3  1 0
  3 
 x 3 0   2 3 0   2 3 0 
Equating, we get x = 2

 1 1 2
8. If matrix A    and A = kA, then write the value of k.
 1 1 
Ans:
Given A2 = kA
 1 1  1 1  1 1
    k 
 1 1   1 1   1 1 
 2 2   1 1
  k 
 2 2   1 1 
 1 1  1 1
 2  k 
 1 1   1 1 
k = 2

 a  b 2a  c   1 5 
9. Find the value of a if   
 2a  b 3c  d   0 13
Ans:

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 2 -

  a  b 2a  c   1 5 
Given that   
 2a  b 3c  d   0 13
Equating the corresponding elements we get.
a – b = – 1…(i)
2a + c = 5 …(ii)
2a – b = 0 …(iii)
3c + d =13 …(iv)
From (iii) 2a = b
b
a
2
b
Putting in (i) we get  b  1
2
b
   1  b  2
2
 a =1
(ii) c =5 - 2 1 =5 - 2 = 3
(iv) d =13 – 3  (3) =13 – 9 = 4
i.e. a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4

 9 1 4  1 2 1
10. If    A   0 4 9  , then find the matrix A.
 2 1 3   
Ans:
 9 1 4  1 2 1
Given that    A 
 2 1 3  0 4 9 
 9 1 4  1 2 1
 A   
 2 1 3  0 4 9 
 8 3 5 
 A  
 2 3 6 

11. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then write the value of (I + A)2 – 3A.
Ans:
(I + A)2 – 3A = I2 + A2 + 2A – 3A
= I2 + A2 - A
= I2 + A - A [  A2 = A]
= I2 = I . I = I
 2  1 10 
12. If x    y      , write the value of x.
 3 1  5
Ans:
 2  1 10 
Given that x    y     
 3 1  5
 2 x    y  10 
    
3x   y   5 
 2 x  y  10
  
 3x  y   5 
Equating the corresponding elements we get.
2x – y = 10 ...(i)
3x + y = 5 ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get 2x – y + 3x + y = 10 + 5
Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 3 -
  5x = 15  x = 3.

x 5   3 4   7 6 
13. Find the value of x + y from the following equation: 2   
7 y  3 1 2  15 14 
Ans:
x 5   3 4   7 6 
Given that 2    
 7 y  3 1 2  15 14 
2 x 10  3 4  7 6 
   
14 2 y  6  1 2  15 14 
2 x  3 6  7 6
 
 15 2 y  4 15 14 
Equating the corresponding element we get
2x + 3 = 7 and 2y – 4 = 14
7 3 14  4
x and y 
2 2
 x = 2 and y = 9
 x + y = 2 + 9 = 11
 3 4
 1 2 1 
14. If A   1 2  and B  
T
 , then find AT – BT.
 0 1   1 2 3
Ans:
 1 1 
 1 2 1  T  
Given that B  
1 2 3  B   2 2
   1 3 
 3 4   1 1   4 3 
Now, A  B   1 2    2 2    3 0 
T T

 0 1   1 3   1 2 

 2 3  1 3  4 6 
15. If     , write the value of x
 5 7   2 4   9 x 
Ans:
 2 3  1 3  4 6 
Given that    
 5 7   2 4   9 x 
 2  6 6  12   4 6 
  
5  14 15  28  9 x 
 4 6   4 6 
  
 9 13  9 x 
Equating the corresponding elements, we get
x = 13
 cos  sin    sin   cos 
16. Simplify: cos     sin   
  sin  cos    cos  sin  
Ans:
 cos  sin    sin   cos 
cos     sin   
  sin  cos    cos  sin  

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 4 -

  cos 2  sin  cos    sin 2   sin  cos 
 2  
  sin  cos  cos   sin  cos sin 2  
cos 2   sin 2  0  1 0
  
 0 cos 2   sin 2    0 1 

 x  y  z  9 
17. Write the values of x – y + z from the following equation:  x  z    5 
 y  z   7 
Ans:
By definition of equality of matrices, we have
x + y + z = 9 ... (i)
x + z =5 .... (ii)
y + z =7 ... (iii)
(i) – (ii)  x + y + z – x – z = 9 – 5
 y = 4 ... (iv)
(ii) – (iv)  x – y + z = 5 – 4
 x – y + z =1

 y  2 x 5  7 5
18. If   , then find the value of y.
 x 3  2 3
Ans:
 y  2 x 5  7 5
Given that  
 x 3  2 3
By definition of equality of matrices, we have
y + 2x = 7
- x = -2  x = 2
 y + 2(2) = 7  y = 3

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 5 -