Materials Selection

Workshop #2: Materials Properties

11/06/2019, Term 2019-2S
M.Sc. Mauricio Cornejo
Group 2: Tea cup

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Production Sciences (FIMCP)

Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL) Guayaquil-Ecuador

For the material selection of our product, two materials were considered: the first is the
porcelain with which the industries generally manufacture the cups, and as a substitute material
according to the closest properties was the borosilicate glass also called Pyrex, then The
mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of each material are shown in order to compare
them and select the best option [2].

PORCELAIN

PROPERTIES UNITS MAGNITUDE

Compressive strength MPa 590
Elastic modulus GPa 67-150
Flexural strength MPa 43-160
Fracture toughness MPa*𝑚1/2 2
MECHANICAL Poisson’s Ratio - 0.17
Rockwell hardness HRB 60
Knoop hardness HK 600
Shear modulus GPa 34
Tensile stregth Mpa 130
Electrical resistivity 𝛺𝑚 90-120
ELECTRICAL
Dielectric strength kV/mm 11-25
Termal conductivity W/m-K 1.8-6.5
Termal expansión 𝜇𝑚/ 𝑚 − 𝐾 2.0-6-6
Specific heat capacity J/kg-K 600-1000
THERMAL
Maximum thermal shock ⁰C 170-290
Maximum temperature
⁰C 1170
mechanical
Table 1: Mechanical, electric and thermal properties of porcelain[1]

BOROSILICATE GLASS (PIREX)

PROPERTIES UNITS MAGNITUDE

MECHANICAL Compressive strength MPa 2000
 Elastic modulus GPa 67-80
Flexural strength MPa 34-69
Fracture toughness MPa*𝑚1/2 0.8
Poisson’s Ratio - 0.21
Knoop hardness HK 510
Tensile stregth Mpa 280
Electrical resistivity 𝛺𝑚 90-120
ELECTRICAL
Dielectric strength kV/mm 5.0-34
Termal conductivity W/m-K 1.2
Termal expansión 𝜇𝑚/ 𝑚 − 𝐾 3.3-5.1
Specific heat capacity J/kg-K 830
THERMAL
Maximum thermal shock ⁰C 160
Maximum temperature
⁰C 360
mechanical
Table 2:Mechanical, electric and thermal properties of porcelain [1]

Selection and conclusions

Although the two materials are fragile due to their low value in tenacity. And the pyrex has
some better mechanical properties than the porcelain such as the effort of tension and
compression effort, coefficient of poison, we have chosen to design the tea cup with porcelain
material since priority has been given to the thermal properties of the material , the porcelain
cup has better values, both thermal conduction and thermal expansion, these properties
mentioned above make the material have a greater thermal shock, so that the tea cup is more
resistant to sudden changes in temperatures which is one of our design objectives. Porcelain
has also been chosen because this material is a bit cheaper than Pyrex.

References

[1] https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Engineering-Porcelain

[2]M. Ashby, D. Cebon. Materials selection in mechanical design. Journal de Physique IV

Colloque, 1993, 03 (C7), pp.C7-1-C7-9. ff10.1051/jp4:1993701ff. ffjpa-00251707f