Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Page
Sno No.
1 16
Topic
Ai
1.Reproduction
in Organism
Add: Summary
Previous Content
2 51 3.Human
Reproduction
m Menstrual Hygiene
Maintenance of hygiene and sanitation during menstruation is very
important. Take bath and clean yourself regulary. Use sanitary napkins or
clean homemade pads. Change sanitary napkins or homemade pads after
3 58
4A
Statutory ban on amniocentesis (a foetal sex
determination test based on the chromosomal
4.Reproductive pattern in the amniotic fluid surrounding the
every 4-5 hrs as per the requirement. Dispose of the used sanitary napkins
properly wrapping it with a used paper.Do not throw the used napkins in the
drainpipe of toilets or in the open area. After handling the napkin wash hands
with soap.
5 59
Health
Health
by 2000.
8 63
4A
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
Diseases or infections which are transmitted
through sexual intercourse are collectively called
4.Reproductive sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or venereal
pregnant woman or of grave injury physical or mental health : or
(ii) There is a substantial risk that of the child were born, it would suffer from
such physical or mental abnormalities as to be seriously handicapped.
S
pentose sugar through a N-glycosidic linkage to form
a nucleoside
Page
Sno No. Topic Previous Content Content Added Updated Content
10 96 6.Molecular Basis When a phosphate group is linked to 5' -OH of a When a phosphate group is linked to OH of 5'C of a
of Inheritance
11 97 Ai
6.Molecular Basis
nucleoside through phosphoester linkage,
12
13
107 6.Molecular Basis Except
of Inheritance
m
the adenosine now forms base pair
with uracil instead of thymine.
4A
genetic information from a polymer of nucleotides
to a polymer of amino acids.
information from a polymer of nucleotides to from a
polymer of amino acids.
IIM
For 5 Free Test For NEET & AIIMS 2019
Visit http://test.aim4aiims.in (Free Test) S
The salient features of genetic code are as
follows: The salient features of genetic code are as follows:
(i) The codon is triplet. 61 codons code for (i) The codon is triplet. 61 codons code for amino
Ai
14 112 6.Molecular Basis
amino acids and 3 codons do not code for any
amino acids, hence they function as stop
of Inheritance codons.
(ii) One codon codes for only one amino acid,
hence, it is unambiguous and specific.
(iii) Some amino acids are coded by more than
acids and 3 codons do not code for any amino
acids, hence they function as stop codons.
(ii) Some amino acids are coded by more than
one codon, hence the code is degenerate.
(iii) The codon is read in mRNA in a contiguous
fashion. There are no punctuations.
m
one codon, hence the code is degenerate.
(iv) The codon is read in mRNA in a contiguous
fashion. There are no punctuations
(v) The code is nearly universal: for example,
from bacteria to human UUU would code for
Phenylalanine (phe). Some exceptions to this
(iv) The code is nearly universal: for example, from
bacteria to human UUU would code for
Phenylalanine (phe). Some exceptions to this rule
have been found in mitochondrial codons, and in
some protozoans.
(v) AUG has dual functions. It codes for Methionine
4A
rule have been found in mitochondrial codons,
Ai
8.Human Health
10,000 years back and human settlements started.
m
4A
IIM
S
S
IIM
4A
m
Ai
Page
Sn No. Topic Previous Content Content Added Updated Content
18 159
Ai
8.Human Health
and Disease
Drugs like barbiturates, amphetamines,
benzodiazepines, lysergic acid diethyl amides (LSD),
and other similar drugs, that are normally used as
medicines to help patients cope with mental
illnesses like depression and insomnia, are often
abused.
Drugs like barbiturates, amphetamines,
benzodiazepines, and other similar drugs, that are
normally used as medicines to help patients cope with
mental illnesses like depression and insomnia, are
often abused.
m
Microbes are being grown on an industrial scale as
9.Strategies for source of good protein. Microbes like Spirulina can
19 176 Enhancement in be grown easily on materials like waste water from
Food Production potato processing plants (containing starch), straw,
molasses, animal manure and even sewage, to
Microbes are being grown on an industrial scale as
source of good protein.Blue- green algae like Spirulina
can be grown easily on materials like waste water
from potato processing plants (containing starch),
4A
produce large quantities and can serve as food rich
in protein, minerals, fats, carbohydrate and
vitamins. Incidentally such utilisation also reduces
environmental pollution.
21
176 Enhancement in
179
Food Production
10.Microbes in
Human Welfare
growth, can be expected to produce 25 tonnes of
protein. IIM
200 g of protein per day. In the same period, 250g of
a micro-organism like Methylophilus methylotrophus,
because of its high rate of biomass production and
S
(ii) Maintenance of sterile (microbial contamination- (ii) Bioprocess engineering
11.Biotechnology Maintenance of sterile (microbial contamination-free)
22 194 : Principles and free) ambience in chemical engineering processes
to enable growth of only the desired ambience in chemical engineering processes to enable
Processes
growth of only the desired microbe/eukaryotic cell in
23 197
11.Biotechnology
: Principles and
Processes
m
4A
24 199
11.Biotechnology The recombinant plasmids will lose tetracycline
: Principles and resistance due to insertion of foreign DNA but
Processes can still be selected out from non- recombinant
IIM
The recombinant plasmids will lose tetracycline
resistance due to insertion of foreign DNA but can still
be selected out from non-recombinant ones by plating
ones by plating the transformants on ampicillin
containing medium.
S
the transformants on tetracycline containing medium.
11.Biotechnology
25 200 : Principles and
This results into inactivation of the enzyme, which This results into inactivation of the gene for synthesis
Processes is referred to as insertional inactivation. of this enzyme, which is referred to as insertional
inactivation.
26
27 Ai
208 12.Biotechnolog
y and its
Applications
209 12.Biotechnolog
y and its
Applications
(v) enhanced nutritional value of food, e.g., Vitamin
‘A’ enriched rice.
m
4A
IIM
S
For 5 Free Test For NEET & AIIMS 2019
Visit http://test.aim4aiims.in (Free Test)
Page
Sno No. Topic Previous Content Content Added Updated Content
28
Ai
220 13.Organisms and
Populations
perpetually rain-soaked Meghalaya forests,
deep ocean trenches, torrential streams,
permafrost polar regions, high mountain
tops, boiling thermal springs, and stinking
compost pits, to name a few. Even our
intestine is a unique habitat for hundreds of
rain-soaked Meghalaya forests, deep ocean
trenches, torrential streams, permafrost(snow laden)
polar regions, high mountain tops, boiling thermal
springs, and stinking compost pits, to name a few.
Even our intestine is a unique habitat for hundreds of
species of microbes.
29
Populations m
species of microbes.
30
31
224 13.Organisms and
225
Populations
there
the
32
33
226
226
13.Organisms and If
Populations
Populations
you had ever been to any high altitude
place (>3,500m Rohtang Pass near Manali
and Mansarovar,
13.Organisms and How do they live under such crushing
pressures and do they have any special
enzymes?
IIM If you had ever been to any high altitude place
(>3,500m Rohtang Pass near Manali and Leh,
34 236 13.Organisms and as they move, stir up and flush out from the as they move, stir up and flush out insects from the
35 250
Populations
14.Ecosystem
vegetation insects that otherwise might be
difficult for the egrets to find and catch.
During succession some species colonise
an area and their populations become more
numerous, whereas populations of other
species decline and even disappear.
S
vegetation that otherwise might be difficult for the
egrets to find and catch.
37
38
253
256
Ai
14.Ecosystem
14.Ecosystem
What is important is to appreciate that
nutrients which are never lost from the
ecosystems, they are recycled time and
again indefinitely.
SUMMARY
What is important is to appreciate that nutrients which
are never lost from the ecosystems, rather they are
recycled time and again indefinitely.
SUMMARY
39 278 16.Environmental
Issues
m
An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature
and comprises abiotic and biotic
components.
4A
completion and open dumps often serve as
the breeding ground for rats and flies.
open dumps often serve as the breeding ground for
rats and flies.
IIM
S
For 5 Free Test For NEET & AIIMS 2019
Visit http://test.aim4aiims.in (Free Test)
Ai
m
4A
IIM
GK & Logical Thinking For AIIMS 2019
S
Click Here To Buy From Amazon
Ai
m
4A
IIM
AIIMS Assertion & Reason
S
Click Here To Buy From Amazon